• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore the patterns of investment on children, analyze the differences in academic performance and social relations by the patterns of investment on children, and variables that influence academic performance and the social relations of children. To achieve such research objectives, the raw data from the 2012 Korean Child and Youth Panel investigation were used for the research. The analytical subjects of this research were the parents and the third-grade students of a middle school and the analytical methods used were: frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, Chi-squared test, ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple Range test, K-mean cluster, and multiple regression analysis depending on the research purpose. The results of the research are as follows. Firstly, as a result formalizing investment pattern on children, there were five patterns of: experience oriented investment, passive experience investment, private education oriented investment, aggressive investment, and passive investment patterns. Secondly, for the patterns of investment on children, the level of academic performance was found to be the highest within the aggressive investment and the experience oriented investment types. The social relation level was found to be the highest with the experience oriented investment, with it being low in private education oriented investment and passive investment patterns. Thirdly, for the factors influencing the academic performance of the children, it was found to be higher in aggressive investment, private education oriented investment, experience oriented investment and passive experience investment compared to passive investment. Some sociological factors were also found to be influential such as mother's age, father's education, sex of children, school area of children, type of house, and income. For the social relation level of the children, the factors of the aggressive investment, passive experience investment, and the experience oriented investment as well as the sociological factors by sex of children and income level are influential.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 1990

Recently, the rate of cesarean section in Korea has been increasing. The results of several previous studies in foreign countries on the emotional responses of cesarean section mothers showed that they might experience difficulties in the mother- infant interaction due to fatigue, lack of early mother - infant interaction, disappointments, anger, feelings of loss of control, and other factors. Human behavior is said to be determined by one's self concept, and self concept is influenced by both internal and external environmental factors. A scale to measure the self concept of cesarean section mothers was needed in order to identify those who might have difficulties in the mother- infant interactions in future. The purposes of this study were to develop a measuring scale, and to test its reliability and validity. The process of this study was as follows. A structured interview was done with 50 cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers to find their state of emotional reaction after giving birth to their babies. Based on the results of the interviews, a 50 items Likert scale was developed. The self concept of 268 cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers who were hospitalized at six hospital in seoul were measured, during the period between Feb. 1 and April 30. Reviewing the discriminating power of each item by means of crosstabulation, ten items were selected for the final scale. The reliability and validity of this ten item scale were tested by Cronbach's alpha and t-test, using spss pc＋package. The results of this study and recommendation are as follows. 1. The ten selected items were as follows. I feel pains in my breast. (－) I have a good appetite now. (＋) I feel pains in my flank. (－) I feel fine now. (＋) My body seems to have returned to its prepregnant state. (＋) Thinking of the delivery process, I feel sorry. (－) I want to hold my baby in my arms. (＋) I want to keep my own life, even if I became a mother. (－) I want to delegate the care of the baby to my mother / mother in law. (－) I think baby is my alter ego. (＋) 2. The reliability of this scale was tested by Cronbach's alpha, and the coefficient of this scale was .8066. 3. The construct validity of this scale was tested by means of known group methods. The value of self concept for cesarean section mother was significantly lower than for vaginal delivery mothers(t＝-5.51, df＝266, p＝0.007). 4. The criterion validity of this scale was tested indirectly. Though this scale could discriminate the differences in the self concept between cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers, the five items on the personal self concept scale didn's show any differences between cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers. Therefore, the study indicates that those who shows lower values in the personal self concept measurement, that is, lower than 12.03 points, could be regaled as “risk mothers” 5. Further studies using this scale to clarify the influencing factors on negative self concept are strongly recommended.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.353-361
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• 2009

Purpose: This study aimed to provide fundamental information about childbirth and antenatal care for pregnancy women and to find differences in mother's antenatal care and delivery service satisfaction between vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Methods: This study was conducted in 4 residential areas and a study sample of 184 postpartum mothers who agreed to collect data. Data was collected from September 1 to October 20 2007 and a structured questionnaire were recruited by the survey. The data was analyzed by t-test and chi-squire test using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: There was a significant difference in delivery place between vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery. Only 10.7% of vaginal delivery group delivered in general hospitals, however 24.5% of the cesarean section group delivered in general hospitals. Early antenatal care also showed statistical difference in mode of delivery. 43.5% of vaginal delivery mothers visited hospitals for the detection of pregnancy but 28.3% of cesarean section mothers did that. Vaginal delivery mothers more satisfied with her own delivery method and suggested a vaginal delivery to others. Conclusion: These results suggest that cesarean section mother's sensitivity of early antenatal care was less than vaginal delivery mother. Satisfaction related to delivery care services were higher in the vaginal delivery group.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.309-322
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 항암치료를 받고 있는 소아암 환아를 돌보는 어머니의 경험을 설명하는 것이다. 연구 참여자는 소아암 진단을 받은 후 3개월 이상에서 3년 이하로 항암치료를 받고 있는 소아암 환아를 돌보는 어머니 7명으로 하였다. 자료수집 방법은 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 Colaizzi의 현상학적 분석방법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 216개의 의미 진술, 62개의 구성 진술, 16개의 주제 도출, 5개의 주제 모음이 확인되었다. 5개의 주제 모음은 '심장이 녹아내림', '투병의 힘든 여정', '내 아이 지키기', '고마움과 섭섭함의 교차', '가족과 함께 하는 고통과 기대'이었다. 항암치료를 받는 소아암 환아 어머니는 아픈 아이를 돌보는 동안 심한 정서적 변화를 경험하고 있었다. 동시에 다른 한편으로는 가족과 함께 미래를 계획하는 모습을 보여 주었다. 따라서 앞으로 소아암 환아 어머니를 위한 간호에는 환아 어머니의 심리적 소용돌이를 고려한 간호계획이 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.79-94
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• 1998

The case study describes kindergarten children's reading stances and responses with relation to those of their mothers'. Rosenbaltt's theory (1978) of aesthetic and efferent stances in used to characterize the relationship between the reader and the text. mother's reading stances are examined by observing each case study child's reading experience with his/her mother at home. In most cases differences in some children's preferred stances seemed to reflect differences in their mothers' stances. As a result, children took a different type of stance from the teacher's efferent stance and were perceived by the teacher to be slower with regard to literacy development, even though they had formed their own reading worlds. Interestingly enough, children with an aesthetic reading stance were welcomed among their peers during free play time. In contrast, children who took a stance congruent with the teacher's efferent stnace were perceived by the teacher to be on the right track with regard to literacy development, although their reading worlds seened to be limited. Interestingly, the children with efferent reading stances were not engaged in collaborative meaning negotiation processes with peers. The case study children with mothers who did not take an extreme type of stance, I.e., neither a very efferent nor a very aesthetic stance, seemed to choose a type of stance depending on a context.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.205-228
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• 2009

근친성학대는 외부에 드러나지 않고 가족의 비밀로 유지되는 경향이 있다. 그리고 어머니는 근친성학대 드러냄을 결정하는 중요한 사람으로 인식되어 왔으며 때로는 묵인한 사람으로 간주되어 비난을 받았다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 자녀의 근친성학대 피해에 대한 어머니의 드러냄 경험의 본질과 의미를 탐구하고 이해하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 딸이 근친성학대 피해를 경험한 7명의 어머니들에게 심층면접을 진행하였으며 해석학적 현상학적 연구방법으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 어머니들의 드러냄 경험의 본질적 주제는 "고통을 관통함으로써 고통을 극복함"으로 나타났다. 하위주제로는 '가슴속의 응어리를 풀어냄', '차가운 외면 속에서 또다시 상처받음', '곪은 상처를 터트리고 치료함'이 도출되었다. 어머니에게 드러냄 경험은 상처를 건드림으로써 치유의 기반을 마련하고 드러냄의 방법과 의미를 찾아나가는 과정으로 경험되었다. 특히 근친성학대의 드러냄 경험은 어머니의 인식과 의지, 타인의 반응과 사회문화적 맥락과의 상호작용을 통해 계속 재구성되는 과정으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 어머니들의 드러냄에 보다 전문적이고 민감하게 대응할 수 있는 사회복지실천방법을 제언하였다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the experience of children with a schizophrenic parent. Methods: The research methods included biographical in-depth interviews, structured questionnaires, and child's drawings. Data were collected from September until November, 2005 at one university hospital, and interviews were recorded on audio tapes and thereby transcribed. The subjects were three adolescent children (10~15 years old) of a parent with schizophrenia. Results: This study has five themes: It is often the case that the children with a schizophrenic parent are uninformed about their parent's illness, have difficulties dealing with symptoms are confused about their parent's image and display contradictory feelings of fear and sympathy toward their father; The children tend to harbor expectations on mother's role in the family affairs, and simultaneously show pity for her; Family relations without solidarity caused by the absence of their father make the children feel severance, separation, and isolation in and out of the family; The children feel the burden to assume additional household responsibilities; The children are reluctant to mention their father's disease. Conclusion: the study subjects have met negativeness in both developmental characteristics and needs, which supports the need for intervention programs that meet their actual experience.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2000

This study was conducted to examine the effect of family environment on smoking behavior, smoking knowledge and smoking attitude in primary school students. For the purpose of the study, a questionnaire-based examination was made with 1,476 sixth-grade students in Taegu from November 1st to 30th, 1998. The results of the study are summarized as follows. Out of 22 points for smoking knowledge, the male student group got 12.9 points, and the female student group 13.0 points. For both groups, students with better school achievement showed a significantly higher score (p<0.01). For the female student group, those who had nonsmoking fathers showed a significantly higher score(p<0.05). A perfect score for smoking attitude was 20 points. The male student group received 14.9 points and the female student group 16.3. For both groups, the score appeared to be significantly higher in the students who had better school achievement and no smoking experience. For the female group, the score was higher if they were living with widowed mothers or had nonsmoking parents. The percentage of smoking experience was 22.0% for the male group and 4.7% for the female group. The present smoking percentage of both groups accounted for 0.3% and 0.1%, respectively. The percentage of the male group's smoking experience was significantly higher if school achievement was poor, if the mother has religious, and if her occupation belonged to significantly different category. For the female group, it was significantly higher if a mother's educational background was less than the primary school level, or if a mother smokes. Family adaptability and cohesion were not significant variables for both groups. The score for smoking knowledge according to family cohesion was highest if male and female members were in an enmeshed state. For the female group, the higher the family adaptability, the significantly higher the score for smoking knowledge. The score for smoking attitude according to family cohesion showed a significant difference for both groups. The family adaptability was not a significant variable for both groups. The results of multiple regression analysis, with the scores for smoking knowledge and smoking attitude were used as a dependent variable, revealed that, for both groups, the better the school achievement. For the female group, the higher the family cohesion, the significantly higher the score(p<0.01). For the male group, the score for smoking attitude was significant1y higher if school achievement was better, if students were living with a widowed mother or father, if they had drinking mothers, if family adaptability was low, if family cohesion was high, or if the score for smoking knowledge was high. For the female group, the score for smoking attitude was higher if school achievement was better. Also, if famale student had nonsmoking fathers, if the family adaptability was lower, on the higher the score for smoking knowledge, a smoking attitude scored higher. The results of a multiple logistic analysis, with smoking experience as a dependent variable, revealed that, for the male student group, the worse the school achievement, the higher the score for smoking knowledge, the lower the score for smoking attitude, or the lower the family adaptability, the higher the percentage of smoking experience. For the female student group, the higher the score for smoking knowledge or the lower the score for smoking attitude, the higher the percentage of smoking experience. In conclusion, family environment, including smoking of parents and family functions, had a great effect on smoking knowledge, smoking attitude and smoking experience of students, and it is required to adjust subjects and methods for smoking and nonsmoking education as smoking attitude and smoking behavior greatly differ according to sex.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.35-69
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• 2014

이 연구는 양육 결정 미혼모의 초기 모성 경험을 탐색하고자, 7명의 연구 참여자를 대상으로 Rennie의 해석학적 근거이론 방법을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 145개 의미단위, 34개 하위 범주를 통해, '출산 선택', '바닥을 치는 기분', '뱃속 생명에 대한 양가감정', '모성 인식', '모성 불안', '사회적 꼬리표라는 굴레', '모성 희망', '새로운 나를 만남', '고단한 삶의 얼굴' 이란 9개의 해석학적 범주를 구성하였다. 연구 참여자들의 모성 경험을 통합하는 핵심범주로는 "약이면서 독이고, 독이면서 약인 모성의 갈등적 두 얼굴로 살아가기"로 상정하였다. 그리고 이들의 모성 경험 과정은 출산 선택, 심리적 좌절, 모성 인식, 모성 혼란, 희망과 좌절의 공존 5단계로 나타났고, 모성 경험 유형은 순응형, 갈등형, 저항형으로 분석되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 양육 결정 미혼모의 모성 경험은 어머니라는 새로운 주체를 출현시키는 과정으로 드러났다. 그리고 이들은 사회문화적으로 부여된 모성 이데올로기를 내면화하는 과정 속에서 사회적으로 지향된 모성과 현실적인 모성 역할 사이의 간극으로 인해 혼란을 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 기반으로 양육결정 미혼모의 초기 모성을 지지해줄 수 있는 개입 방안을 제언하였다.

• 한국가족복지학
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• 제23호
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• pp.263-302
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• 2008

본 연구는 홀어머니와 성인인 큰아들의 갈등에 대한 가족치료사례로써, 가족관계에서 발생하는 의사소통의 어려움과 자아분화의 문제에 대한 가족치료적 개입방법과 효과성을 제시하고자 한다. 홀어머니와 큰아들의 갈등에 대하여 부인(며느리)이 상담을 의뢰하여 시작되었고, 13회기동안 개인 및 가족상담으로 진행되었다. 본 연구는 상담 축어록과 치료자가 기록한 메모를 중심으로 한 내용을 부호화(coding)작업을 통하여 개념과 하위범주, 그리고 상위범주로 나누었다. 또한 코딩작업을 통하여 발견한 범주들을 Miles와 Huberman(1994)이 제시한 관계망(network)와 매트릭스(matrix)를 활용하여 관계를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 분석 결과에 따르면 아버지가 사망하자 어머니는 큰아들이 가족을 부양해주기를 원하였지만, 큰아들은 어머니의 기대와 달리 결혼을 하여 분가하였다. 이 과정에서 서로의 감춰진 불만이 드러나고 모자갈등이 표면화되었다. 이런 갈등의 저변에는 가족의 경계선문제, 미분화된 자아, 역기능적 의사소통방식, 어머니의 원가족 경험 등이 영향을 미치고 있었다. 치료자는 모자갈등의 악순환고리를 끊기 위하여 치료적 동맹관계를 형성하였고, 의사소통방식의 지도, 반복되는 패턴의 조명, 재명명, 비유법을 활용하였다. 결과적으로 어머니와 큰아들은 자아분화, 기능적 의사소통의 활성화, 인식의 변화, 경계선의 변화를 경험하였고, 모자갈등의 소거와 더불어 가족관계가 향상되었다. 본 연구는 책임감과 기대감으로 인해서 발생하는 홀어머니와 큰아들의 갈등에 대한 가족치료가 효과적이라는 점과 유효한 개입방법들을 보여준다.