• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.757-767
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the associated factors with subjective oral symptoms experience of obesity adolescents. Methods: The study subjects were targeting 8,139 obesity adolescents and 55,601 non-Obesity adolescents who completed 2016 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey. Dependent variables were subjective oral symptoms experiences of fracture teeth, pain, throbbing pain, periodontal pain & bleeding, mucosal disease and bad breath. Independent variables were demographic characteristics of the subjects, oral health behaviors, health behaviors and eating habits. Results: Obesity adolescents were 12.8% with 61.9% subjective oral symptoms experience. Regarding the related factors of subjective oral symptoms experience of obesity adolescents, the factors were identified to be significantly higher in high school (OR=1.72) compared to middle school, learning achievement was higher in middle (OR=1.09) and lower (OR=1.31) compared to high, economic status was higher in lower (OR=1.09) compared to high, sealant experience (OR=1.10) and scaling experiences (OR=1.12) responded no were higher compared to responded yes, smoking experiences responded yes(OR=1.08) were higher compared to responded no, sweet drink (OR=1.14) and fastfood (OR=1.13) consumption were higher in consumption compared to non-consumption and females (OR=0.46) were higher than males. Oral symptoms experience were lower that father and mother's level of education were under high school graduation (OR=0.86) compared to unknown, economic status was in case of middle (OR=0.93) compared to high, tooth brushing was lower in under 1 time (OR=0.76), 2 times (OR=0.61) compared to more than 3 times, vigorous physical activities responded no (OR=0.75) were lower, compared to yes, vegetable consumption was lower in non-consumption (OR=0.68) compared to consumption. Conclusions: Subjective oral symptoms experiences were identified higher in obesity adolescents than non-obesity adolescents. It would be useful to use the results of this study to reduce oral symptoms and necessary to develop a program system considering characteristics of obesity adolescents.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.644-654
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the related factors to nutritional supplements intake of elementary school student aged 7 to 12 years in Incheon area. The subjects were 631 mothers of elementary school students and cross-sectional study was conducted by a self-administered questionnaire. In view of the relation with general circumstances, taking nutritional supplements was shown to be significantly associated with general and socio-demographic factors such as father's job, mothers concern about children's academic record, family's monthly income and food cost, and the experience of other family members' taking nutritional supplement. In view of the relation with anthropometric and health-related factors, taking nutritional supplement was associated with elementary school student' weight obesity index, mothers evaluation of children's height and weight mother's concern about health and growth of children, and ,disease of children. In view of the dietary behavior-related factors, taking nutritional supplements was associated with skipping breakfast, food habits, and mothers beliefs and attitude about nutrition and nutritional supplements. However, it was shown that mothers nutritional knowledge did not affect taking nutritional supplements. Therefore, it may be suggested that general and socio-demographic factors, anthropometric and health-related factors, dietary behavior-related factors, and mother's nutritional beliefs and attitude are important determinants in children's taking nutritional supplements.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.371-398
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of mother's caregiving satisfaction of a person with mental disorder and factors influencing to it as a positive aspect of caregiving experience. A survey conducted upon 231 mothers who live together with their adult-children with mental disorder through community mental health centers, social rehabilitation facilities and day hospitals. Collected data were analysed by t-test, Oneway-ANOVA, hierachical multiple regression analysis, and so on. The results are as follows: 1) The mean of mother's caregiving satisfaction is 3.06 in 5 point scale. Among the total items of the caregiving satisfaction scale, the means of the items 'finding strength through caregiving' and 'personal growth through caregiving' are higher than any others. 2) In the final regression model, statistically significant factors influencing to the caregiving satisfaction are 'the relationship quality between mothers and the mentally disordered', 'perceived social support from family, significant others, and friends', 'marital status of mothers', and 'family income'. Better relationship quality between mothers and the adult children with mental disorder and higher social support from family, significant others, and friends explained higher caregiving satisfaction of mothers. The level of a widow or divorced mother's caregiving satisfaction is higher than married one. The less family income affected to higher caregiving satisfaction. Variables related to mental disorder of adult-children, such as social function, years of mental disorder and frequency of hospitalization were not statistically significant influencing factors to mother's caregiving satisfaction. Through this research, the implications of social work practice were suggested in many ways.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1211-1220
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• 2018

Maya Deren is well known as the 'mother' of the American avant-garde films by her first short, Meshes of the Afternoon (1943). One of the major contributions of Maya Deren's theoretical body of work to the visibility was the invention of a new vocabulary for independent film-making such as 'film-poems', and 'choreo-cinema'. To create experimental film forms, she chose poetry, dance, architecture and music as a metaphor to describe her images. On the top of these arts, Maya uses camera works and editing system to achieve an 'artificial reality' whose character is miraculous in that living whole, in order to help the audience to experience a protagonist's psychological journey.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 1994

A survey analysis of home video games was carried out for 1,018 elementary school children. Children responded to a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic variables, degree of game participation(frequency and mean time), control behavior(eg. resting during games, lightening interior), and physical symptoms(eg. eyestrain, headache, trembling, paralyses) during and/or after playing games. Statistical analysis was done by frequency, percentile, and chitest. The results showed that many children enjoyed video games frequently and played continually, that few children did control behavior during games. Main variables related to degree of game playing and control behavior were sex, game experience, parent's education, and mother's activity. In particular, the results implied that the level of physical symptoms during and/or after game differed by lighting factors.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.181-193
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• 2018

Purpose: This paper reports the results of a descriptive study that aims to identify the factors that affect the parental efficacy of mothers with preschoolers on child sexual education. Methods: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 189 mothers who had preschoolers in four kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from June to August, 2015. Results: The factors that had an effect on the parental efficacy of mothers with preschoolers on child sexual education were marital intimacy (${\beta}=.32$, p<.001), the degree of perceived sexual knowledge (${\beta}=.29$, p<.001), sexual education experience from one's parents (${\beta}=.21$, p=.001), and educational level (${\beta}=.14$, p=.021); the explanatory power was 28.9%. Conclusion: The factors affecting the parental efficacy of mothers with preschoolers on child sexual education were marital intimacy, subjective sexual knowledge, sexual education experience from one's parents, and the educational level. In developing a sex education program for mothers with preschoolers, it is necessary to reflect the contents that can enhance marital intimacy. In addition, it is necessary to develop a differentiated mother sex education program considering her demographic characteristics and career in sexual health.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2006

Purpose: The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to describe the perception on the importance of parental role by mothers with infants, and to analyze the differences of those perception depending on the mothers' and infants' characteristics. Method: Data were collected from 240 mothers of infants visited at one public health center in Gangreung city. The instrument used for this study was a self-report questionnaire to identify the parental role. Results: The mean score for perception on the importance of parental role was 139.89, and item mean for caring performance ability domain 4.43, environmental organization for development domain 4.38, acceptance domain 4.26, responsibility domain 4.21점, knowledge for caring domain 4.19, sensitivity 4.16, provision of stimulus and involvement 4.01. There were significant differences in the perception of parental role according to spouse relationship, father's participation in child rearing, experience of parental role education, and infant's temperament. Conclusion: The experience of childhood is highly affected by the quality of the parental role. It is important to identify parents' perception of parental role. Therefore, the parental role education program are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2021

Purpose: Discrimination experienced in the early stages of life among ethnic minority adolescents is known to affect depression and also adversely affect health throughout adulthood and old age. The purpose of this study was to identify whether discrimination experienced by ethnic minority adolescents and their mothers and depression among mothers affect depression in ethnic minority adolescents according to gender. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using the data of 2018 National Multicultural Family Survey in Korea. The study sample comprised 2,446 ethnic minority adolescents aged 11~18 and their mothers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation analysis, and ordinal logistic regression with SPSS/WIN 25.0 and STATA IC 16. Results: 18.4% of the adolescents (boys: 15.1%, girls: 20.5 %) felt sad or frustrated sometimes or more often for at least two weeks during the past year. Also, 8.3% of the adolescents and 29.6% of their mothers experienced discrimination during the past year. Boys were influenced more than girls by bullying at school (OR=5.17, 95% CI: 2.85~9.38), academic performance (very bad's OR=5.79, 95% CI: 1.54~21.63) and mother's depression (often's OR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.14~4.64). Girls were influenced more than boys by experience of discrimination (OR=2.72, 95% CI: 1.69~4.39). Conclusion: The findings showed that discrimination experienced by ethnic minority adolescents and their mothers in Korean society increases depression in ethnic minority adolescents and has different effects by gender. Therefore, a gender-specific and mother-inclusive intervention is recommended to prevent depression in ethnic minority adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.329-345
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• 2005

Gender and intelligence of children, parenting practices and socioeconomic status of parents were studied to investigate whether they functioned as protective factors for resilient children. Total of 556 children of 12 years of age were contacted for the study. Teachers were asked to rate the children's interpersonal competence. Children reported their experience of stressful life events on a checklist. Based on the competence scores and the experience of stressful life events, 107 children were classified into adaptive, resilient, and maladaptive group. IQ scores were assessed using an intelligence test for the 107 children. Mothers reported their parenting practices and their socioeconomic status through a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-squares, t-tests, and one-way ANOVAs were performed to analyze the data. There was no difference in their experience of stressful life events between boys and girls. Girls were rated as being more competent by their teachers. There were more girls in the adaptive and the resilient group and more boys in the maladaptive group. Children in adaptive and the resilient group had higher intelligence scores than the maladaptive group. Mothers of resilient children replied as being warm and acceptive and more refusing and controlling than mothers of the adaptive children Group differences in socioeconomic status of the family were not found. Thus, being a girl and having higher IQ scores were the protective factors for the resilient children.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.55-71
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• 2008

Many studies on the relationships between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law tended to regard the relationship as a conflicting one. This study, unlike the previous ones, aimed to explore the relationship as it is and to describe the experience of the real relationship. Another aim of this study, on the basis of the results, was to provide the basic data for social services to develop and maintain the positive relationships between mothers and daughters-in-law. To achieve these aims, the central question of the study was, "What are the daughters-in-law's experiences with their mothers-in-law like?" The participants for the study consisted of 12 daughters-in-law who volunteered to be interviewed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed according to the grounded theory presented by Strauss and Corbin. As a result, 154 concepts and 42 sub-categories were induced, and finally 18 categories were induced in the course of classifying and integrating these sub-categories. This study discovered that the relationship might be both positive and negative, and that it might even be possible to change from one to the other. The results of the study showed that many factors influenced the quality of the relationship, and that the husband's role was one of the most important factors. Using this study's results as guidance, general programs designed to cultivate more positive relationships between mothers and daughters-in-law can be created and implemented; additionally programs that help the husbands understand the complex relationship and roles can be devised.