• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2000

The antioxidative activities of water-soluble extracts from leaves and stem bark of Morus alba and Cudrania tricuspidata were compared in vitro experimental models. Antioxidative activities were measured by inhibition activity against lipid peroxidation of mouse liver microsome, and they were showed in the following order; stem bark of C. tricuspidata(53%)>stem bark of M. alba(43%)>leaves of C. tricuspidata(38%)>leaves of M. alba(43%). In antioxidative activities determined by thiocyanate method and TBA method, the water-soluble extract of stem bark of C. tricuspidata showed the highest antioxidative activity. The water-soluble extracts of leaves were slightly stronger than other extracts in DPPH$({\alpha},{\alpha}'-diphenyl-{\beta}-picrylhydrazyl)$ method. The concentrations of total polyphenolic compound from water-soluble extracts of leaves and stem bark of M. alba and C. tricuspidata were 1.32%, 1.28%, 1.34% and 1.30% respectively. In these results, the water-soluble extract of stem bark from Cudrania tricuspidata showed the highest antioxidative activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.295-299
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• 2014

The mulberry (Morus alba L.) root barks were extracted with 80% aqueous methanol at room temperature. The concentrated extract was partitioned as ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-BuOH, and $H_2O$ fractions. From the EtOAc fraction, five triterpenoids were isolated through the repeated silica gel and octadecyl $SiO_2$ column chromatographies. According to the results of physico-chemical and spectroscopic data including nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and infrared, the chemical structures of the triterpenoids were respectively determined as ${\alpha}$-amyrin (1), ${\alpha}$-acetyl amyrin (2), lupeol (3), betulinic acid (4), and glutinol (5). Compounds 1, 3, and 5 were isolated for the first time from the mulberry root bark.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.354-361
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• 2000

The effect of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf extract(MLE) on oxidative stress and membrane fluidity in brain membranes of SD rats fed with 100 and 300 mg/kg BW/day were carried out for 6 weeks. Cholesterol accumulations resulted in a consistent decreases (4.6% and 5.6%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of MLE-300 group compared with control group. Membrane fluidities were dose-dependently increased (2.2% and 5.1%, 5.0% and 15.2%) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Basal oxygen radicals(BORs) in brain mitochondria and microsomes were significantly inhibited (15.7% and 25.1%, 9.0% and 12.4%, respectively) by MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Induced oxygen radicals(IORs) in brain mitochondria and microsomes were significantly inhibited (8.9% and 13.1%, 16.5% and 23.2%, respectively) by MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were significantly decreased (8.5% and 18.1%, 7.6% and 12.3%) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were dose-dependently decreased (4.3% and 14.2%, 10.0% and 10.9%, respectively) in brain microsomes of MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. These results suggest that MLE may play an effective role in an attenuating an oxidative stress and increasing a membrane fluidity in brain membranes.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2020

Diesel particulate matter (DPM) induces inflammatory cytokines in HaCaT and stimulates XRE promoter activity through AhR binding. Thus, it increases CYP gene family expression. In this study, we have elucidated inhibitory effect of LG Herbal Medicine Complex (LG-HMC) on DPM-induced XRE promoter activity and inflammatory cytokine expression. First of all, the XRE promoter activity was overexpressed by DPM treatment and the LG-HMC abrogated the XRE promoter activity. Morus alba bark extract, Scutellaria baicalensis root extract and constituents of LG-HMC, were found to be main effecters against DPM induced XRE promoter activation. We also found that DPM treatment elevated inflammatory cytokines in HaCaT and the treatment of LG-HMC, Morus alba bark extract and Scutellaria baicalensis root extract down-regulated the DPM induced inflammatory cytokine expression. Additionally, Morus alba bark extract and Scutellaria baicalensis root extract were found to act as free radical scavengers. In conclusion, we confirmed skin protective effect of LG-HMC and uncovered two components, Morus alba bark extract and Scutellaria baicalensis root extract, that play major role in protecting epidermal kertinocytes from damage.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2014

Background: It is valuable to find the potential activity of regulating the excessive mucin secretion by the compounds derived from various medicinal plants. We investigated whether aqueous extract of the root bark of Morus alba L. (AMA), kuwanon E, kuwanon G, mulberrofuran G, and morusin significantly affect the secretion and production of airway mucin using in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Methods: Effect of AMA was examined on hypersecretion of airway mucin in sulfur dioxide-induced acute bronchitis in rats. Confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with ethanolic extract, kuwanon E, kuwanon G, mulberrofuran G, or morusin for 30 minutes and then stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 hours. The MUC5AC mucin secretion and production were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: AMA stimulated the secretion of airway mucin in sulfur dioxide-induced bronchitis rat model; aqueous extract, ethanolic extract, kuwanon E, kuwanon G, mulberrofuran G and morusin inhibited the production of MUC5AC mucin induced by PMA from NCI-H292 cells, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that extract of the root bark and the natural products derived from Morus alba L. can regulate the secretion and production of airway mucin and, at least in part, explains the folk use of extract of Morus alba L. as mucoregulators in diverse inflammatory pulmonary diseases.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.139-144
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• 2003

Using GC/MS and GC/Olfactmetry analysis, we identified two vinyl ketones such as 1-Octen-3-one (OEO) and cis-1, 5-Octadien-3-one (ODO) as key materials in axillary odor. OEO and ODO showed a strong metallic odor and low odor threshold. These two materials were occurred from the reaction of unsaturated long fatty acids in lipids and the iron ion in our body's metabolism. Then, it was recognized that Morus alba (Japanese name, Kuwa) extract, one of the plant extract, showed a very good effect to control the generation of these vinyl ketones due to its remarkable anti-oxidization effects.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.434-438
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• 1990

The methanolic extract of the root-bark of Morus alba L.(Mulberry tree) has the potent antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. Its active component was identified to be sanggenon C. The active component had stronger anti-bacterial activity than berberine, having minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of $25\;{\mu}g/ml$. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of this component on the cellular adherence of Streptococcus mutans to glass surfaces also was more remarkable than that of berberine in the presence of glucosyltransferase(GTase) and sucrose in vitro. These results indicate that sanggenon C may play an important role in inhibiting plaque formation and caries incidence.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.708-714
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• 2003

Oddi is a mulberry (Morus alba L) fruit which has antiinflammatory and antioxidative effects. This study was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics of Oddi-Pyun which was manufactured with various addition levels (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4％) of Oddi extract according to the traditional Korean Kwaypun (a kind of jelly) methodology. Oddi-Pyun was made with various levels of Oddi extract, mungbean starch (9％) and sugar (30％). To establish the additional amount of mulberry fruit extract, sensory evaluation and physical test were carried out. From the results of sensory evaluation, the 2％ of Oddi-Pyun was judged as the best in terms of color, flavor, hardness and elasticity. According to texture characteristics (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness), 1.0％ and 2.0％ of Oddi-Pyun were judged as the best. The contents of Ca (69.50, 74.75, 84.25, 100.60, 183.55ppm), Mg(27.37, 29.38, 34.20, 46.73, 97.45ppm) and Fe (320.23, 572.45, 680.50, 725.95, 906.50ppb) increased with increasing Oddi extract. Therefore, the optimal added amount of extract for the manufacture of Oddi-Pyun was proposed as 2％ to the total weight. It was concluded that this Oddi-Pyun would be helpful to improve the health status of rheumatics and patients with similar diseases.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.109-111
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• 2017

The root bark of Morus alba L. were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and $H_2O$ fractions. The repeated silica gel ($SiO_2$), octadecyl $SiO_2$ (ODS), and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies of the EtOAc fraction led to isolation of 12 phenolic compounds. The chemical structures of the compounds were determined as sanggenol Q (1), sanggenol A (2), sanggenol L (3), kuwanon T (4), cyclomorusin (5), sanggenon F (6), sanggenol O (7), sanggenon N (8), sanggenon G (9), mulberrofuran G (10), mulberrofuran C (11), and moracin E (12). All isolated compounds were evaluated for inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.504-510
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effects of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf extract (MLE) on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in liver membranes of rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (160$\pm$10 g) were fed basic diet (control group), and experimental diets (MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups) added 100 and 300 mg/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Hydroxyl radical (.OH) levels resulted in a significant decreases (15.2% and 18.1%, 5.6% and 8.0%, respectively) in liver mitochondria and microsomes could be not obtained. These are no significant differences in superoxide radical ($O_2$) levels of liver cytosol in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were slightly decreased about 13.6% and 6.1% in liver mitochondria and microsomes of MLE-300 group compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were remarkably decreased about 16.9% and 27.2% in liver microsomes only of MLE-100 and MLE-300 group compared with control group. Mn-SOD activities in liver mitochondria were remarkably increased (18.2% and 28.7%, respectively) in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups, and Cu,Zn-SOD activities in liver cytosol were also significantly increased (11.3% and 20.2%, respectively) in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Mn-SOD activities in liver mitochondria were remarkably increased (18.2% and 28.7%, respectively) in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups, and Cu,Zn-SOD activities in liver cytosol were also significantly increased (11.3% and 20.2%, respectively) in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group, but significant difference between GSHPx activities in liver cytosol could be not obtained. These results suggest that anti-aging effect of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) may play a pivotal role in attenuating a various age-related changes.