• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.101-105
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of glucose and sodium phosphate on in vitro development of porcine oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro. When the culture medium was supplemented with various concentrations of glucose, the higher proportions (23 and 26%) of oocytes developed to morular or blastocyst stages were at the concentrations of 2.78 and 5.56 mM than 0 (9%; P<0.05) and 11.12 mM (18%). In experiment to evaluate effect of sodium phosphate during in vitro development of porcine oocytes, a significantly (P<0.05) higher proportions of embryos developed to morular or blastocyst stages was obtained with sodium phosphateof 0.28 (25%) and 0.53 (27％) mM than 0 (15%), 1.05 (19%) and 2.10 (10%) mM. On the other hand, when oocytes were cultured in medium with (0.53 mM) sodium phosphate, the proportions of developed embryos were significantly (P<0.05) higher in medium without (29%) that than with (14%) 5.56 mM glucose. However, a higher proportion of embryos developed to morular or blastocyst stages were obtained in medium with (23%) that than without (8%) glucose (P<0.05). The minimum essential medium (MEM) added to the culture medium were higher regardless of presence of sodium phosphate and glucose on the development of embryos. Although sodium phosphate and glucose could support morular and blastocyst development to a limited extend (10∼24%), significantly higher proportion (36%) at morular or blastocyst stages was obtained by MEM adding in the medium with sodium phosphate and glucose. These results suggest that the early development of in vitro fertilized porcine oocytes can be maintained efficiently by glucose and sodium phosphate when they were cultured in medium with MEM.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.800-805
• /
• 2003

The early embryos are obtained in different time after the former egg had been laid, and the aim of the present study was to observe the development law of chicken early embryo.The embryo development has been divided into the two periods according to morphology of blastodisc. Cleavage period, from 5.5 h (0 h uterine age) to 15.5 h (10-10.5 h uterine age) after the former egg had laid, formation blastodisc of 6-7 layers cell. Later blastocyst period, from 17.5 h (12-12.5 h uterine age) to area pellucida formation after the former egg had been laid. The first division took place at 5 h (0 h uterine age), morular at 11.5 h (6-6.5 h uterine age), and blastocyst at 15.5 h (10-10.5 h uterine age) after the former egg had been laid.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 1997

본 연구는 EGF와 anti-EGF가 초기 생쥐배아의 발생 및 부화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실행되었다. 초기 2세포기부터 상실배까지의 배아를 EGF와 anti-EGF를 각각 처리한 Ham's F10 배양액에서 배양하여 그 발생률과 부화율을 대조군과 비교하였다. EGF 처리시 배양시간에 따른 발생률은 증진되었으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. EGF 처리군에서의 부화율(57.5, 62.5, 65.0, 62.5%)은 대조군(35%)에 비하여 유의하게 (p<0.01) 높았다. Anti-EGF 처리시 각 발생시기별 1:1000 실험군의 발생률은 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 그러나, 1:100 실험군의 경우, 2∼4세포기의 배아는 모두 4∼8세포기에서 정지되었고, 8세포기와 상실배의 포배형성은 48시간 이상 지연되었으며 부화 역시 대조군에 비해 억제되었다(8세포기; 2%, 44%, 상실배; 6.2%, 58.3%). 이 실험에서, EGF는 생쥐 배아의 포배형성과 부화를 증진시키는 반면, anti-EGF는 이를 억제하였다. Anti-EGF 처리시 나타나는 발생정지 현상은 anti-EGF가 배아에서 만들어지는 EGF와 반응하여 EGF의 작용을 억제시키기 때문으로 사료된다. 그러므로 EGF는 paracrine mode로서 뿐만 아니라 antocrine mode로서 생쥐 초기배아의 발생에 중요한 인자로 작용함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.311-316
• /
• 1993

소의 난포난자를 체외에서 성숙시켜, 수정후 8시간에서 난구세포가 부착된 난자와 기계적으로 완전히 제거한 난자를 10% FCS가 첨가된 TCM-199배양액에 옮겨, 수정 56시간에서 2∼8세포기로 분할한 난자만을 5일간 계속 배양하여 초기배의 발육 상황을 검토하였다. 그 결과, 난구세포가 부착된 난자(31%)는 제거한 난자(15%)에 비해 상실배와 배반포기까지의 발달이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 한편, 난구세포와의 공동배양 조건하에서, 발생배지에 첨가하는 단백질원의 영향을 조사한 결과, BSA(59%)를 첨가한 경우 FCS(32%) 또는 CS(37%) 첨가보다 초기배의 발육율이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 이상의 결과로부터, 소의 수정란과 난구세포와의 공동배양시 BSA가 초기발생에 촉진적 효과가 있음이 시사되었다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1998

In order to improve the cryopreservation by vitrification or slow freezing of nuclear transplant rabbit embryos, the effects of factors affecting embryo cryopreservation such as cryoprotectants, equilibration, cooling rate and post-thaw dilution on post-thaw survial and development were determined using intact embryos of morular stage. And the post-thaw development of nuclear transplanted embryos cryopreserved under the optimal conditions examined was compared between vitrification and slow freezing. The cryoprotectant solution used was ethyleneglycol-ficoll-sucrose (EFS) or ethyleneglycol-poly-vinylpyrrolidone-galactose- I (EPG- I ) for vitrification, and EPG- II for slow freezing. To examine the viability of frozen-thawed embryos, the nuclear transplanted embryos were co-cultured in TCM-199 plus 10% FBS with bovine oviduct epithelial cells(BOEC) for 24 hrs and the intact morulae were co-cultured with BOEC for 5 days and 3 days to hatching blastocyst stage in 39 ˚C 5% $CO_2$ incubator. The results obtained were as follows: Following vitrification with EFS, the post-thaw development of rabbit morulae to hatching blastocyst was significantly(P<0.05) higher in compacted stage(82.4%) than in early morular stage(60.0%). The post-thaw development of compacted morulae to hatching blastocyst was similarly high in vitrification with EFS(82.4%), EPG- I (85.0%) and in slow freezing with EPG- II (83.3%). Following vitrification with EPG- I, the post-thaw development of intact rabbit morulae to hatching blastocyst was similar as 78.0% and 85.0% in 1-step and 2-step post-thaw dilution, respectively. The post-thaw development of nuclear transplanted rabbit embryos of compacted morulae stage to hatching blastocyst was similarly 43.6% and 40.0% in vitrification with EPG- Iand slow freezing with EPG- II, respectively. These results indicated that the rabbit nuclear transplant and intact embryos of morulae stage could be well cryopreserved with either vitrification or slow freezing procedure.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.70-76
• /
• 1988

Effects of the glycerol addition and removal medium containg 10% sucrose on the mouse embryo survival after freezing in a liquid introgen container were determined using the FDA test. The summarized results are the following. 1. The FDA score was higher (P<0.05) when embryos were frozen in the glycerol addition medium with sucrose that the one without it(3.4 vs 3.0). 2. No difference in the score was found between the glycerol removal medium containing 10% sucrose(3.2) and PBS＋10% sucrose(3.3). 3. The score was higher(P<0.01) at morular stage than blastocyst stage of embryos.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 1988

This study was done with mouse embryo to assess effects of freezing media containing sucrose, freezing metods(1-F, 0.3$^{\circ}C$/min;2-F, 3-5$^{\circ}C$/min;3-F, 15$^{\circ}C$min;4-F, LN2 vapour) and cell freezers on the embryo survival determined using the FDA test. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The FDA score obtained with 1, 2, 3 and 4-F was 3.8, 3.6, 3.2 and 3.2, respectively. There was a significant difference(P<0.05) between 1-F, 3-F and 2-F, 4-F. 2. The score at the morular stage(3.8) higher(P<0.005) than the blastocyst stage of embryos(3.2). 3. No difference (P>0.05) was found between the score obtained with a automatic embryo freezer(4.0) and a liquid nitrogen container(3.7).

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 1994

To confirm the overcome of in vitro 2-cell block, ICR mouse I-cell embryos were cultured in CZB media. All embryos in CZB were overcome in vitro 2-cell block and 92% of embryos were developed to the blastocyst at day 4. However, in m-KRB group(control) only 20% of embryos were developed over 2-cell. Any embryos in m-KRB did not develop to the morular stage. Developments and degenerations of ICR mouse I-cell embryos were compared in CZB medium prepared with water of three quality:(l) Milli-Q ultrafiltration water(UF);(2) Milli-Q reverse osmosis water(RO);(3) tap water(TAP). The objective was to evaluate the potential of quality control using ICR mouse 1-cell embryos. The more water was purified, the better embryo developments were supported and the less embryos were degenerated. As a quality control system, the culture of ICR 1-cell mouse embryos in CZB was useful.

• 대한세포병리학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.62-68
• /
• 2007

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is recently described rare variant of invasive ductal carcinoma. This variant has a distinctive histological features and aggressive biological behavior. We reviewed the cytologic features of eight cases of IMPC. The cytologic smears showed moderate to high cellularity and the tumor tissue was composed of atypical, angulated, cohesive clusters of neoplastic cells with a papillary to tubuloalveolar architecture, and a morular growth pattern without fibrovascular cores was seen on the histopathology. IMPC of the breast has distinctive cytologic features and it is important to make an early diagnosis via fine needle aspiration cytology due to this tumor's aggressive behavior.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.164-170
• /
• 1989

These experiments were carried out to develop the practical technique for the production of identical twins in cattle. Morula and blastocyst stage embryos collected from superovulated donors were bisected into halves by micromanipulation. The resulting demi-embryos were transferred to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum of synchronous recipients. The viability of demi-embryos after splitting was also evaluated by culturing demi-embryos with and without a zona-pellucida. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows : 1. Of total 132 embryos collected by superovulation from 29 donors, 37 embryos were morular and 30 at blastocyst stages. 2. Total 111 demi-embryos were produced from 67 embryos by bisection and 98% of those were normal in morphology. 3. The viability of the demi-embryos cultured with zona-pellucida ranged from 70 to 76.5% and that of the demi-embryos without from 53.8 to 69.2%. 4. The viability of demi-embryos obtained from morula was 63.6% and that of demi-embryos from blastocyst was 73.3%, respectively. 5. 35 demi-embryos were transferred to 21 recipients, 7 of which were confirmed to be pregnant by rectal palpation at 55∼60 days after embryo transfer. One of them produced a calf and 6 are still on pregnancy.