• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.399-407
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• 2013

Morphological changes in the reared rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, from hatching to six days after hatching were examined during the early growth stage under starvation. All the larvae died within five days when feeding was delayed for three days after hatching. These results imply that initial larval food should be supplied within two days of hatching. Changes in the pectoral angle and the ratios of eye height to head height, gut height to standard length, and gut height to myotome height in the rock bream are alternative indicators for the identification of starving fish. These indicators might prove useful in evaluating the successful transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding in this species.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.208-213
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• 2017

The microstructural changes in Co nanoparticles and an Au-10at.%Pd thin film have been investigated using an in situ heating holder with a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS). In Co nanoparticles, two phases (face-centered cubic and hexagonal close-packed crystal structures) were found to coexist at room temperature and microstructures at temperatures, higher than $1,000^{\circ}C$, were observed with a quick response time and significant stability. The actual temperature of each specimen was directly estimated from the changes in the lattice spacing (Bragg-peak separation). For the Au-10at.%Pd thin film, at a set temperature of $680^{\circ}C$, the actual temperature of the sample was estimated to be $1,020^{\circ}C{\pm}123^{\circ}C$. Note that the specimen temperature should be carefully evaluated because of the undesired effects, i.e., the temperature non-uniformity due to the sample design of the MEMS chip, and distortion due to thermal expansion.

• Mycobiology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2014

The fungal genus Suillus Micheli ex S. F. Gray plays important roles in the survival and growth of plant seedlings. Humans have utilized these ectomycorrhizal fungi to enhance the nutrient uptake and defense systems of plants, particularly in the reforestation of coniferous forests. The genus Suillus is easily distinguishable by its distinctive morphological features, although the morphology of the fruiting body does not facilitate reliable interspecies discrimination. On the basis of micro-morphological features and internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis, we found that 51 of 117 Korean Suillus specimens had initially been misidentified. The list of the 12 Suillus species previously recorded in Korea was re-evaluated and revised to only eight distinct species: S. americanus, S. bovinus, S. granulatus, S. grevillei, S. luteus, S. pictus, S. placidus, and S. viscidus. We provide taxonomical descriptions for six of these species from the sample specimens.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

The morphological and chemical characteristics of leaves and fruits were observed in the three mulberry varieties, including Daeryugppong(Morus Lhou(Ser.) koidz), Kugsang 20(Morus Lhou(Ser.) koidz) and Cataneo(Morus alba L.). The leaf development in spring was earliest in Cataneo and latest in Kugsang. Content of total nitrogen and Mg in leaf was the highest in Cataneo while that of P2O5, K and Ca in Daeryukppong. Flowers started to bloom from May 8 and in full bloom around May 15. Mature fruits began to set from June 10 to 15 and lasted by July 10 in Cataneo. Average fruit weight was heaviest in Kugsang 20(3.52 g/fruit), while lowest in Daeryukppong(1.61 g/fruit). In fruits, glucose and fructose were the major sugars. Citric acid was the most abundant organic acid in three varieties with its average content from 0.8 to 0.14%. The major pigment in fruit was anthocyanin and its content varied among varieties. The stability of anthocyanin was evaluated under various pH, temperature, and sugar concentrations. Rutin was the major flavonol glycoside present in fruits and its content varied from 0.92 to 3.36 mg/gDW. Other flavonol glycosides such as isoquercitrin and quercitrin were also detected in fruit.

• MALSORI
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• no.56
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• pp.127-134
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• 2005

Although the narrative development and the acquisition of the Korean grammatical morphemes by monolingual Korean-speaking children have been studied extensively, little is known about the narrative characteristics and the processes through which native speakers of other languages (L2 speakers) use the Korean grammatical morphemes. To understand the similarities and differences between L1 and L2 narrative skills and Korean grammatical morpheme use, 13 native Chinese-speaking college students who are learning Korean as a second language were studied. L2 participants used significantly fewer words, subordinate clauses, connective morphological endings, and pronouns per T-unit. Their speech also illustrated significantly more omission and confusion (substitution) errors in the use of auxiliary words and verb endings. Some of the syntactic and morphological factors need to be considered for the intervention of speakers with limited Korean proficiency.

• ALGAE
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.353-361
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• 2005

Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) Le Jolis has a systemic infection with the ascomycete Mycophycias ascophylli (Cotton) Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer with which it establishese a mutualistic symbiosis. In addition, A. nodosum is the host for the obligate red algal epiphyte, Vertebrata lanosa (L.) Christensen. Using light and electron microscopy we describe morphological and cytochemical changes occurring as a consequence of rhizoid penetration of V. lanosa into cortical host tissue. Rhizoids induce localized cell necrosis based on physical damage during rhizoid penetration. Host cells adjacent to the rhizoid selectively undergo a hypersensitive reaction in which they become darkly pigmented and become foci for hyphal development. Light and electron microscopy show that M. ascophylli forms dense hyphal aggregations on the surface of the V. lanosa rhizoid and extensive endophytic hyphal growths in the rhizoid wall. This is the first morphological evidence of an interaction between M. ascophylli and V. lanosa. We speculate that M. ascophylli may be interacting with V. lanosa to limit tissue damage to their shared host. In addition, the fungus provides a potential pathway for the transfer of materials (e.g., nutrients and photosynthate) between the two phototrophs.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.323-327
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• 2003

Morphological characteristics and life cycle of Parnara guttata were studied from 2001 to 2002. Egg was hemisphere-shaped in pink. Larva was milky white or yellowish green color with 2.9-30.6 nm body length, depending on their developmental stages from 1 st to 5th instar. Pupa were grayish brown from 23.8 to 25.7 nm length, adults were yellowish brown color and body lengths were 17.4 nm and 16.2 nm and wing expanse lengths were 35.2 nm and 30.6 nm with female and male, respectively. At 25${\pm}$2$^{\circ}C$, each developmental periods was 4.5, 30.2, and 6.9 days with egg, larvae, and pupae, respectively. Also adult longevity were 10.1 for female, average number of egg was 205.5.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.389-408
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• 1995

The complete larval development of Hemigrapsus penicillatus(De Haan, 1835) from hatching to first crab stage was obtained by culture in the laboratory. Under culture conditions with salinity 33.3% , temperature $25^{\circ}C$, and photophase 14/10 h light/dark, the megalopa and the first crab instar were attained in minimum of 18 and 29 days after hatching respectively. Five zoeal stages and a megalopal stage are described and illustrated in detail. Morphological characters of H. penicillatus larvae were compared with those of other members within the subfamily Varuninae. Morphological differences among H. penicillatus, H. sanguineus and H. sinensis in megalopal stage are tabulated.

• ALGAE
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2020

Culture isolates of the genus Hypoglossum (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) were obtained and their development and morphological structure over many years were followed in the laboratory. Molecular data (rbcL, large subunit ribosomal DNA, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) were obtained from these strains and evidence presented to recognize the new species: Hypoglossum sabahense from Sabah, Malaysia. Because various aspects of morphology in culture specimens differ significantly from types based on field specimens we have to rely mainly on the molecular criteria in ascribing a new taxonomic name here. This also is complicated by the major lack of molecular phylogenetic evidence for Hypoglossum and other Delesseriaceae. The 'Germling Emergence Method' and 'serendipity' are proving valuable in discovering significant new taxa from laboratory cultures which otherwise might never be known.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2000

These studies were undertaken to evaluate morphological normality and development competence in vitro of hyman oocytes following vitrificatioin using ethylene glycol and electron microscopic grid. Human immature oocytes retrieved from natural and stimulated cycles was vitrified at 0 or 48 h and 0, 8 to 15 or 24 to 28 h after maturation culture, respectively. In oocytes retrieved from unstimulated cycle, no signifciant differences were found in morphological normality (56 to 63%) and fertilization (31 to 37%) rates between the times of vitrification. In stimulated patients, however, more oocytes were morphologically normal when vitrified at 24 to 28 h than when vitrified at 0 or 8 to 15 h after maturation culture. Regardlesss of the hormonal stimulation, high cleavage rates(83 to 100%) were obtained in all treatment groups but did not differ significantly. Twenty to 43% of cleaved oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage at 6 days after IVF. These results suggest that vitrified oocytes from unstimulated and stimulated cycles could develop to the blastocyst stage, regardless of the stages of vitrification.