• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.201-204
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• 2015

A sea urchin was collected from 140 m deep at Gapado which is nearby Moseulpo in Jejudo Island, Korea on 30 June 2010. This specimen was classified as Echinolampas koreana H.L. Clark 1925, belonging to family Echinolampadidae of order Echinolampadoida based on its morphological characteristics. This order and lower categories are newly recorded from Korea. Distinct morphological characters of this species are as follows: test is relatively high. Abactical system has four large genital pores. Periproct is slightly sunken and situated below equator line. Peristome is very small and rather deeply sunken. Tridentate and ophiocephalous pedicellariae are present. Color in alcohol is light purple. These morphological characters are re-described with illustrations.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.267-271
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• 2000

A total of 1,830 soybean collections were grown in the field and characterized for 10 morphological traits to determine the diversity and relationship within and among geographical regions. Phenotypic variation was found within all regions for most characters. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index ranged from 0.49 to 0.62 across regions, and 0.09 to 1.00 across characters. Canonical discriminant analysis and clustering of the canonical means delineated 3 regional clusters: (ⅰ) Kyunggi, Chungchong, Kangwon, Chulla, and Kyungsang; (ⅱ) Heilongjiang; and (ⅲ) Jilin, Manchuria, central China, south China, Others (China), Hokkaido, Honshu, and Others (Japan).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.473-476
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• 2009

Rubus hongnoensis Nakai, Korean endemic species were reexamined on the basis of morphological characters. Both sides of leaves are pubscent and particularly glandular hairs are present on main vein. All parts except petals and stems are hairy. Petioles and stem have prickles. Leaflets are 3-7. Fruits is red.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2008

Traditionally mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) sprouts has been stored after dehydration to decrease their decay. The study was done to determine the effect of watering for final 12 hours of harvest day on morphological characters and color of mungbean sprouts. The seeds of cv. Zhong Lu 1 were soaked in 50 ppm BA solution immediately before 4 hour aeration and then cultured for 6 days, when water-supplied for final 12 hours or not. After packaged with PE envelops, the sprouts stored 5 days at $8^{\circ}C$, and their morphological characters, fresh and dry weights, and colors were measured everyday. Compared to non-water supplied, water supplied sprouts had thicker hypocotyl diameter in middle part, and higher total fresh weight due to increment of cotyledon and hypocotyl ones although the two sprouts did nearly same in other characters. Only nonwater supplied sprouts showed higher color b value in hypocotyl than water supplied ones although there were not significant differences between them in other color-related characters, meaning that the latter ones were more rapidly decayed during their storage. In non-water supplied sprouts, number of lateral roots, hypocotyl and root lengths, total fresh weight, brightness of hypocotyl and root was decreased since 3 days after storage but cutting resistance of hypocotyl was done since 5 days.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.17-35
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• 1969

This work concerns morphological studies of the Japaness jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus(Temminck & Schlegel). A total of 48 random samples consisting of 2669 fish is examined, representing three geographic regions, namely, Kamakura, Nagasaki, and Tottori. Preservation affects length and weight of fish considerably, but the variability after 10 days is shown to be negligible. The variability in measuring the morphometric characters due to different measures and orders is found to be significant. They are relatively small, however, compared to the variability in mean length to be expected in samples drawn from the population. Two meristic characters, namely, anal and second dorsal fin rays and three morphometric characters, namely, head length, first and second dorsal insertion distances are chosen for the study. Results of the statistical analysis reveal that differences in the selected meristic characters among samples within and between regions are found to be significant. In general, it is reasonable to state that the jack mackerel collected in Nagasaki region, on the average, have greatest number of anal fin ray and second dorsal fin ray followed by Kamakura, and Tottori regions in that order. It is found that although no significant differences in the slope of regression line are noticed, the mean differences of the selected morphometric measurements in relation to fish length are found to be significant among samples within each region. Differences in the regression coefficients as well as the adjusted sample means are found to be significant between regions. The analysis suggests that samples from Nagasaki region, on the average, have longest head length and greatest distances from snout to the insertion of first dorsal and second dorsal fins followed by Kamakura, and Tottori regions in that order.

• Plant Resources
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2000

Intraspecific genetic relationship of 19 variation types of the Yam (Dioscorea alata) classified by their external morphological characteristics such as leaf and tuber shape were assessed by DNA using random and specific primer. Twenty two out of 113 primers (100 random[10-mer] primers, two 15 mer [M13 core sequence, and (GGAT)$_4$ sequence]) had been used in PCR-amplification. Only 12 primers, however, were success in DNA amplification in all of the analyzed plants, resulting in 93 randomly and specifically amplified DNA fragments. The analyzed taxa showed very high polymorphisms(69 bands, 71.0 %), allowing individual taxon to be identified based on DNA fingerprinting. Monomorphic bands among total amplified DNA bands of each primer was low under the 50%. Similarity indices between accessions were computed from PCR(polymerase chain reaction) data, and genetic relationships among intraspecific variations were closely related at the levels ranging from 0.66 to 0.90. These DNA data were not matched well with those of morphological characters since they were divided into two major groups at the similarity coefficient value of 0.70. Therefore, Grouping of species into variation types by mainly morphological charactistics was suggested unreasonable.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1999

To examine taxonomic relationships among 53 plums derived from Prunus cerasifera, P. domestica, and P. salicina, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis on 27 morphological characters were conducted. Of 27 characters, leaf size, leaf shape, and leaf hair were useful characters for plum identification and understanding of taxonomic relationships among them. Leaf length, petiole length, number of leaf nectaries, leaf shape, leaf base, and date of full blooming showed the clear differences between P. salicina group and P. domestica group. Results of cluster analysis using scores of the first three principal components indicated that 53 plums could be grouped into P. salicina-P. cerasifera, P. domestica, and P. spinosa phenon at 1.0 of average distance in UPGMA. Although PCA was useful for rough classification of plums, much more characters were needed for the exact classification.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.540-548
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• 2011

Characteristics of leaf morphology was examined in 11 natural populations of Acer pictum subsp. mono (Maxim.) Ohashi in Korea. Nested Anova showed that there were statistically significant differences among populations as well as among individuals within populations in all 14 quantitative characters. In all the leaf characters, variance components among individuals within populations were higher than those among populations. Some morphological characters such as the ration of Blade length to Petiole length (0.90), Uower lobe width (0.85), Blade length (0.83), and Middle lobe width (0.83) showed the relative high differences in the values of differentiation (Dij) among populations. Of the ten populations, Gwangyang (1.36) and Cheongyang (1.30) were highly differentiated based on the total mean Dij of fourteen morphological characters, while Ulju (0.30) and Jeongseon (0.44) were scarcely differentiated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.68-75
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• 1983

Some morphological and anatomical characteristics of four Abies species in Korea were investigated to find the characteristics and the taxonomical relationship between the species. The results were summarized as follows: There was no significant difference in needle thickness and number of hypodermic cell layer among 18 morphological and anatomical characteristics of cone and needle between the species. A. koreana and A. nephrolepis were similar in above fourteen characters and A. holophylla and A. firma were also similar in the 14 characters. A. koreana and A. firma showed similarity in above two characters. Main resin canals of needles in A. koreana and A. nephrolepis were situated in leaf margin (L-LM), those of A. holophylla, in L, L-M and M, and that of A. firma fully in other locations except L.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.298-310
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• 2017

Morphological variation between cultivated and weedy types of Perilla frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa were studied in 327 germplasm by examining 17 morphological characters. The germplasm between the two varieties were varied for their qualitative and quantitative characters. The seed coat color of cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens is commonly light brown and brown while deep brown color was observed in the weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The leaf size, cluster length, plant height, flower number per cluster and seed weight in cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens were significantly (P<0.05) different from weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens exhibited significantly higher plant height (158.6 cm) compared to the weedy P. frutescens var. crispa (133.8 cm). Likewise, seed weight was significantly higher in cultivated (1.9 g) than in the weedy type of P. frutescens var. frutescens (1.6 g) and P. frutescens var. crispa (1.4 g). Principal component analysis (PCA) result showed that the first and second principal component cumulatively explained 86.6% of the total variation. The cultivated type P. frutescens var. frutescens and its weedy accessions were not clearly separated with P. frutescens var. crispa by PCA. Hence it requires the use of molecular markers for better understanding of their genetic diversity.