• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2011

This study examines the process of urban formation in the city of Yanji. The analysis is done by the change of street pattern and major facility location in a timely manner by appling space syntax method. This research categorizes the pattern of the urban growth focused on two urban forms, street and major buildings, in the city and is offered of the meaning of the first value on interpretation of the urban growth in the city of Yanji. The result of the research are as follows. First, the period of the city transformation is divided into four stage; intuitive period, grid-iron formative period, consolidation period, and urban expansion period. Second, characteristics of each stage have been analyzed. At the first stage, the city started to frame along both buildings and streets which were placed without a plan. At the second stage, the city was planned and constructed into new grid-iron pattern ignoring existing context by Jananese colony. At the consolidation period, the road system expands from the city center toward suburban. At the last expansion period, the shape of the city has complicated its shape with complex road system. This study contributes to provide a basic analysis and data to investigate how the Yanji city has evolved over period of time. But further continuous research should be done for future urban development of the Yanji city.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권2호통권95호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

This paper describes the development of a vision-aided position and orientation recognition system for automatically adjusting electronic tuners which control the waveform by rotating variable resisters. The position and orientation recognition system estimates the center and the angle of the tuner grooves so that the main controller may correct the difference from the ideal position and thereby manipulate the variable resisters automatically. In this paper a robust algorithm is suggested which estimates the center and the angle of the tuner grooves fast and precisly from the source image with lighting variance and video noise. In the algorithm morphological filtering, 8-chain coding, and invariant moments are sequentially used to figure out image segments concerned. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated using a set of real specimens. The results indicate the system works well enough to be used practically in real manufacturing lines. If the system adopts a high speed frame grabber which enables real time image processing, it can also be applied to positioning of robot manipulators as well as automated PCB adjusters.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2015

This study investigates transformable designs in contemporary fashion. In contemporary society, designs are accompanied by various changes such as transformation of shapes or variation of material beyond the certain form of dress. As a result of having interest in transformable designs with the various attempts on the overall design, transformable design is being suggested as an attempt as the new manner, radical concept, or alternative of multi-purpose lifestyle. With the constant research and collection presentation by the designers of empirical disposition, transformable dress has been evolving gradually. The feature of transformable design appeared in dress is considered as 'variability' which changes in the flow of time. Furthermore, the morphological variability and variability of material have been examined as visual stimuli and conversion of material. By analyzing and assorting diverse transformable dresses comprehensively, it could be divided into technique-oriented transformable design and transformable design with a wearer's intervention. The technique-oriented transformable design is subdivided into the conversion of material and the conversion of form; the transformable design with a wearer's intervention into the conversion of functional frame and the conversion of aesthetic feature.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1416-1421
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• 2006

We identified a gene encoding the N-acetylmuramoyl L-alanine amidase (amiB) of Vibrio anguillarum, which catalyzes the degradation of peptidoglycan in bacteria. The entire open reading frame (ORF) of the amiB gene was composed of 1,722 nucleotides and 573 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of AmiB showed a modular structure with two main domains; an N-terminal region exhibiting an Ami domain and three highly conserved, continuously repeating LysM domains in the C-terminal portion. An amiB mutant was constructed by homologous recombination to study the biochemical function of the AmiB protein in V. anguillarum. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed morphological differences, and that the mutant strain formed trimeric and tetrameric unseparated cells, suggesting that this enzyme is involved in the separation of daughter cells after cell division. Furthermore, inactivation of the amiB gene resulted in a marked increase of sensitivity to oxidative stress and organic acids.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2017

This study was to build a frame and direction of an analysis of the evaltion of placeness of industrial heritages space, and then to evaluate Beijing 798. First, by studying references, 15 elements in 6 dimensions were derived from the evaluation of placeness of industrial heritage and applied in the evaluation of placeness of Beijing 798 art zone. Second, the changes of Bejing 798 art zone can be classified in 4 steps, latency, quickening, growth, and union, which has been growing from studios with artists to complex cultural art place based on studios and gallery. Third, place characteristics of 798 art zone was analysis with the measurements of morphological, perceptual, social, visual, functional, and temporal points. Fourth, a survey was done in order to evaluate placeness of Beijing 798 art zone.In conclusion, the result of the evaluation of placeness of industrial heritages space through Beijing 798 art zone shows that uniqueness and indigenousness are highly valued which verifies that the differentiation from other places and uniqueness are the essential element.

• 인지과학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2012

본 연구는 한국어 동사의 활용된 형태인 굴절 동사의 심성어휘집 접근 과정을 알아보기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위하여 차폐 점화 어휘 판단과제 실험을 실시하여 점화크기를 비교하였다. 한국어 규칙 동사와 불규칙 동사를 다섯 가지로 나누어 실험을 수행하였다. 활용의 종류는 1) 완전규칙 2) 발음변화규칙 3) 철자변화규칙 4) 어간변화 불규칙 5) 어미변화 불규칙으로 1), 2), 3)은 규칙 활용의 범주로 4), 5)는 불규칙활용의 범주이다. 기본형의 동사를 표적자극으로 사용하였고, 점화자극으로 총 세 가지 유형이 사용하였다. 점화자극으로 사용한 자극은 기본형의 어간의 변화가 없는 규칙활용, 기본형의 어간이 철자적, 음운적으로 변화하는 불규칙활용과, 의미 및 형태적으로 관련 없는 통제된 단어이다. 또한 단어재인의 처리에서 형태소 분해 정보처리의 시간대를 살펴보기 위하여 SOA의 간격을 43ms, 72ms, 230ms의 3가지로 나누어 실험하였다. 모든 동사가 모든 SOA에서 규칙활용과 불규칙활용이 통제단어에 비해 빠른 반응시간을 보임으로써 점화효과가 관찰되었다. 그러나 규칙활용과 불규칙활용에서 뚜렷이 점화효과의 차이가 관찰되지 않는다. 이러한 규칙활용과 불규칙활용의 범주의 구분 없이 비슷한 패턴을 보여주는 결과는 한국어가 단순히 규칙과 불규칙의 기준으로 나뉘어서 처리되지 않는다는 것을 시사한다. 또한 모든 SOA에서 촉진효과를 보임으로써 형태소 정보처리가 초기과정부터 일어남을 확인하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 도로안내표지판 내의 거리정보를 빠르고 정확하게 획득하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 표지판의 인식, 거리를 획득하기 용이한 전 처리 과정, 거리정보를 습득하는 것으로 구성된다. 표지판의 인식은 여러 가지 잡음을 해결하기 위해 감마 보정을 포함한 색상검출을 사용하였으며, 거리정보를 용이하게 획득하기 위해서 직선 인자를 이용한 기울기 보정과 고속 푸리에변환을 이용한 해상도 보정을 적용하였다. 거리정보를 습득하는 과정은 모폴로지 연산을 통해 영역을 부각하고 레이블링, 템플릿 매칭을 사용하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 도로안내표지판의 거리정보를 습득하여 분기점까지 남은 거리를 출력하는 시스템을 제안하였다. 결과적으로 연산속도 개선에 중점을 두어 실시간으로 처리할 수 있는 시스템에 사용 가능하며, 그 결과 프레임 당 평균 0.46초의 속도를 가지며, 정확도에서도 유사도 0.65의 수치를 갖는다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.117.3-118
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• 2003

We tested for the presence of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycovirus in 827 Fusarium graminearum isolated from diseased barley and maize. dsRNA mycoviruses with various sizes were isolated. Of them, it was previously reported that dsRNA from DK2l isolate had pronounced morphological changes, including reduction in mycelial growth, increased to red pigmentation, reduced virulence and sporulation. (Chu et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2002). For better understanding of this hypovirulence associated with DK2l dsRNA virus, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of dsRNA genome and named Fusarium hypovirus DK2l strain (Fhv-DK2l ). Genomic RNA of Fhv-DK2l was determined to be 6625 nucleotides in length excluding the poly (A) tail and contained three putative open reading frame. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and helicase domain were expected in ORF A, 54 to 4709 nucleotide position. ORE B, 4752 to 5216 nucleotide position, and ORF C, 5475 to 6578 nucleotide position, were predicted to encode 16.7kDa and 41.3kDa protein respectively each. We could not detect any conserved domains from these two proteins. Phylogenetic analysis showed Fhv-DK2l was related to Cryphonectria hypovirus 3. Ten additional isolates were found that were infected with dsRNA mycoviruses. These mycoviruses contain 2 to 4 different segments of dsRNAs with the size range of approximately 1.7 to 10-kbp in length. The presence of dsRNAs isolates did not affect colony morphology and were transmissible through conidia and ascospore with incidence of 30-100％. These results indicate that there is genomic diversity of dsRNA mycoviruses that infect F. graminearum isolates and that impact of virus infection on host's morphology and virulence is determined by the interaction between dsRNAs and the fungal host, not by the mere presence of the dsRNAs

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2005

During the screening of xylanolytic enzymes from locally isolated fungi, one strain BCC14405, exhibited high enzyme activity with thermostability. This fugal strain was identified as Aspergillus cf. niger based on its morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. An enzyme with xylanolytic activity from BCC14405 was later purified and characterized. It was found to have a molecular mass of ca. 21 kDa, an optimal pH of 5.0, and an optimal temperature of $55^{\circ}C$. When tested using xylan from birchwood, it showed $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values of 8.9 mg/ml and 11,100 U/mg, respectively. The enzyme was inhibited by $CuSO_4$, EDTA, and by $FeSO_4$. The homology of the 20-residue N-terminal protein sequence showed that the enzyme was an endo-1,4-$\beta$-xylanase. The full-length gene encoding endo-1,4-$\beta$-xylanase from BCC14405 was obtained by PCR amplification of its cDNA. The gene contained an open reading frame of 678 bp, encoding a 225 amino acid protein, which was identical to the endo-1,4-$\^{a}$-xylanase B previously identified in A. niger.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.150-150
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• 2010

Carbon nanotubes have drawn attention as one of the most promising emitter materials ever known not only due to their nanometer-scale radius of curvature at tip and extremely high aspect ratios but also due to their strong mechanical strength, excellent thermal conductivity, good chemical stability, etc. Some applications of CNTs as emitters, such as X-ray tubes and microwave amplifiers, require high current emission over a small emitter area. The field emission for high current density often damages CNT emitters by Joule heating, field evaporation, or electrostatic interaction. In order to endure the high current density emission, CNT emitters should be optimally fabricated in terms of material properties and morphological aspects: highly crystalline CNT materials, low gas emission during electron emission in vacuum, optimal emitter distribution density, optimal aspect ratio of emitters, uniform emitter height, strong emitter adhesion onto a substrate, etc. We attempted a novel approach to fabricate CNT emitters to meet some of requirements described above, including highly crystalline CNT materials, low gas emission, and strong emitter adhesion. In this study, CNT emitters were fabricated by filtrating an aqueous suspension of highly crystalline thin multiwalled CNTs (Hanwha Nanotech Inc.) through a metal mesh. The metal mesh served as a support and fixture frame of CNT emitters. When 5 ml of the CNT suspension was engaged in filtration through a 400 mesh, the CNT layers were formed to be as thick as the mesh at the mesh openings. The CNT emitter sample of $1{\times}1\;cm^2$ in size was characteristic of the turn-on electrical field of 2.7 V/${\mu}m$ and the current density of 14.5 mA at 5.8 V/${\mu}m$ without noticeable deterioration of emitters. This study seems to provide a novel fabrication route to simply produce small-size CNT emitters for high current emission with reliability.