• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1997

The toxicity of purified ricln from Ricinus communis to rats was examined by histological and histochemical methods. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with 75$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg body weight of ricin and were sacrified at itntervals of 6, 24, 48 and 120 hours after injectoon. The major morphological changes, such as cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, necrosis, fatty change, blood congestion, increase of Kupffer cells in number and extension of sinusoids, were obvious in the liver of experimental group. These morphological changes of hepatic cells were mainly observed in both the periportal and midlobular region of hepatic lobule. The extension of sinusoids was obvious in the controlobular region. And glycogen dlstrlbution of hepatic cells tended to decrease in the same region showing morphlogical changes as compared with the control group.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2005

Age-related White Matter Changes (WMC) on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are known to appear frequently in Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease and to be related to cognitive impairment. The characterization of these WMC is very important to the study of psychology and aging. These changes consist of periventricular and subcortical types, however it is difficult to detect and segment WMC using only intensity-based methods, because their intensity, level IS similar to th~t of the gray matter (GM). In this paper, we propose a new method of segmenting periventricular WMC using K-means clustering and morphological features.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 1986

Rhizopus oryzae 균사체 내의 인지질 구성 성분은 6종으로 나타났고 sodium deoxycholate와 sodium dodecyl sulfate를 각각 0.48mM, O.18mM의 낮은 농도로 영양배지에 첨가했을때 성장군략의 형태변화와 아울러 미량 존재하던 cerdiolipin과 phospha tidylinositol 그러고 Iy sophospholipid의 함량이 증가하였다. 또한 phospholipase는 A와 C, 그리고 D가 존재하였으며 A와 D는 sodium deoxycholate에 의하여. C는 sodium dodecyl sulfate에 의하여 활성도 증가를 나타냈다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2021

Two new species of Fulvifomes are described from specimens collected in rainforests of Nonggang Nature Reserve of southern China, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU) sequences. Fulvifomes nonggangensis sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile and solitary basidiocarps, applanate pileus, small cystidioles of 9.9-15.4 × 2.9-3.5 ㎛, large pores of 5-6 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores of 4.3-5.3 × 3.3-4.2 ㎛. F. tubogeneratus sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile, and imbricate basidiocarps, a duplex context, small pores of 7-8 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and ovoid to subglobose basidiospores of 5.72 × 5.00 ㎛.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1463-1476
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 파랑과 흐름이 공존하는 하구 주변의 수리특성 및 지형변동특성을 이해하기 위하여 새롭게 3차원 지형변동 모델을 개발함과 더불어 3차원 파동장 모델과 양방향 연성 수치모델을 제안하였다. 그리고 파랑-흐름 공존장에서의 파고분포, 연직유속분포, 해저파이프라인 저면의 지형변동 및 고립파 내습 시에 해빈 저면 부유사 농도의 시간분포에 관한 수리모형실험결과들과 비교 분석하여 개발한 연성 수치모델을 검증하였다. 이로써 본 연구에서 개발한 연성 수치모델의 타당성 및 유효성을 확보할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 이 연성 수치모델이 파랑과 흐름이 공존하는 하구지역의 지형변동 예측에 적용이 가능한 것을 확인하였다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.255-264
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• 2009

Background: Chronic low grade inflammation is closely linked to type II diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. Macrophages play a key role in the regulation of pro- or anti-inflammatory actions at the lesion sites of disease. Components of cordyceps militaris, cordycepin and adenosine, have been used for the modulation of inflammatory diseases. The effects of cordycepin in the modulation of macrophages have yet to be be elucidated. We investigated the effects of cordycepin and adenosine on the morphological changes of macrophages under the inflammatory condition of LPS and an anti-inflammatory condition involving high concentrations of adenosine. Methods: We confirmed the mRNA levels of the M1/M2 cytokine genes through RT-PCR and morphological change. Results: LPS-activated macrophages returned to their inactivated original shape, i.e., they looked like naive macrophages, through the treatment with high concentrations of cordycepin ($40{\mu}g/ml$). LPS and adenosine activated macrophages also returned to their original inactivated shapes after cordycepin treatment; however, at relatively higher levels of cordycepin than adenosine. This change did not occur with relatively low concentrations of cordycepin. Adenosine down-regulated the gene expression of M1 cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$) and chemokines (CX3CR1, RANTES), such as cordycepin. Additionally, M2 cytokines (IL-10, IL-1ra, TGF-${\beta}$) were up-regulated by both cordycepin and adenosine. Conclusion: Based on these observations, both cordycepin and adenosine regulated the phenotypic switch on macrophages and suggested that cordycepin and adenosine may potentially be used as immunomodulatory agents in the treatment of inflammatory disease.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.147-153
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• 1995

The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba showed the strongest antimicrobial activity on the growth of almost all the tested microorganisms which were food-borne pathogens and food-related microorganisms. Therefore, fatty acid composition, amino acid composition and shape change of microorganisms treated with the ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba were examined. In effects of treatment with the ethanol extract on the fatty acid compositions of B. subtilis, S. aureus and E. coli, fatty aicd compositions such as hexadecanoic acid (16:0) and octadecanoic acid (18:2) of the tested strains were increased but pentadecanoic acid (15:0) heptadecanoic acid (17:0) and acid (16:1) and octadecenoic acid (18:1) of E. coli were decreased. The ethanol extract did not significantly affect the aminn acid composition of the tested strains. Transmission electron micrographs of microorgani는 treated with the ethanol extract exhibited morphological changes that irregularly contracted cell surface in S. aureus and destructed cell walls in B. subtilis and E. coli.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2008

공초점 현미경(confocal microscopy) 기술의 적용은 살아있는 세포를 고배율로 관찰하는 것을 가능하게 하였다. 알츠하이머나 파킨슨 질환 같은 퇴행성 뇌질환의 경우 뇌세포의 수상돌기의 형태학적 변화가 연관되어 있음이 알려져 있다. 따라서 공초점 현미경 영상으로부터 이러한 정보를 추출하는 방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 그러나 공초점 현미경 영상은 명암도 분포가 고르지 않고, 구조의 경계 부분의 번짐 현상 등으로 인해 구조 추출에 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이러한 문제를 극복하고 관심 구조에 대한 특성을 추출할 수 있는 영상처리 기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 뇌세포의 수상돌기 공초점 현미경 사진으로부터 구조정보를 추출하는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 첫째, 미세 분기 구조의 경계를 향상시키는 비선형 확산 필터링을 적용한다. 둘째, 관심구조를 반복적 역치 선택 방법을 이용해 분할한다. 셋째, 분할된 구조의 분석을 위해 구조의 중심축과 경계선을 추출하기 위한 패스트 마칭 방법(Fast Marching Method)에 기반을 둔 골격화를 수행한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법은 기존의 방법들과는 달리 주변 잡음에 덜 민감하였으며 거친 경계선에 영향을 훨씬 적게 받음으로써 보다 정확하고 사실적인 중심축 추출 결과를 보였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.889-894
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• 2005

인공산성비를 애기장대 (Arabidopsis thaliana)에 처리하였을 때 나타나는 줄기와 잎의 생장 변화와 내부구조의 형태변화를 광학현미경으로 관찰하였다. pH 3.0의 인공산성비를 애기장대에 15일 동안 직접 처리한 식물의 줄기 생장은 산성비를 처리하지 않은 정상식물의 줄기 생장과 거의 차이가 없었으며, 외형적인 형태변화도 관찰되지 않았다. 인공산성비를 처리한 식물 줄기의 내부구조는 정상식물 줄기에 비하여 표피조직과 피층 조직이 일부분 파괴되어 산성비에 의한 피해가 있었음이 관찰되었다. 인공산성비를 처리한 식물의 잎 생장은 정상식물 및 생장과 비교하여 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았으나, 외형적인 형태에서는 변화가 관찰되었다. 인공산성비를 처리한 식물의 잎 표면에서는 상표피의 많은 부위에서 흰 괴사반점이 뚜렸하게 관찰되었다. 인공산성비에 의하여 괴사반점이 나타난 잎의 내부조직을 광학현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 잎 표피세포는 큐티클층이 파괴되어 압착되었고 엽육 조직의 세포들도 역시 심하게 파괴되어 수축된 반면에 유관속 조직의 구조적 변화는 거의 관찰되지 않았다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-133
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• 2014

This thesis aims to investigate the morphologic relationship among the neckline, collar, and hair style, in which the width and height were measured by selecting the representative costumes from 16th to 19th centuries. The pieces of 170 pictures selected by fashion experts were cut in the same condition, with the part of the end of shoulder, head, and chest all placed on the equal level. The products were directly measured by a team of 3 specialists for verification of this study, of which results were calculated into average. The values of output were categorized into the unit of decade and finally into a graph of variation, in which the trend and relationship were evaluated according to the width and height. In 16th century, the width and height of the neckline were inversely proportional to those of hair style, while those of collar were proportional to those of hair style. In 17th century, the width and height of the hair style were proportional to those of neckline and collar. In 18th century, those of the neckline were inversely proportional to the hair style, with no collar found. In 19th century, the width of the neckline and collar were proportional to that of the hair style, while the height of the neckline and collar were inversely proportional to that of the hair style. The analysis of the morphologic relationship among neckline, collar, and hair style resulting from this study revealed that the change of the hair style took place corresponding to those of neckline and collar. Generally, the width of the hair style was found to be more resistant to change, compared to those of neckline and collar that were more susceptible. The height of the neckline was more resistant to change, compared to those of the hair style and collar presenting their frequently fluctuating height. Conclusively, the factor of height rather than that of width showed more dominant proportions, because the various forms of the collar and hair style evolved in terms of the height rather that width, relative to that of the neckline.