• Mycobiology
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2021

Morels (Morchella spp.) are valuable medicinal and edible mushrooms. In this study, chemical profiles of aromas and lipophilic extracts of black morel (Morchella importuna) grown in China were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, along with the evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities for the lipophilic extracts. Sixty-five compounds in total were identified from the aromas, and 1-octen-3-ol was the main component for aromas of fresh (34.40%) and freeze-dried (68.61%) black morels, while the most abundant compound for the aroma of the oven-dried sample was 2(5H)-furanone (13.95%). From the lipophilic extracts, 29 compounds were identified with linoleic acid as the main compound for fresh (77.37%) and freeze-dried (56.46%) black morels and steroids (92.41%) as the main constituent for an oven-dried sample. All three lipophilic extracts showed moderate antioxidant activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) with the IC50 values ranging 7.56~17.52 mg/mL and 5.75~9.73 mg/mL, respectively, and no obvious antimicrobial activity was observed for lipophilic extracts. The drying methods affect the chemical profile of black morel, and freeze-drying was favorable for retaining nutrients and morel smell. This is the first report on the aroma and lipophilic extracts of M. importuna grown in China.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내외 수집 균주를 대상으로 균주의 배양적 특성과 유전적 유연관계 및 균주별 함유된 베타글루칸의 함량을 분석하였다. 곰보버섯은 생장온도 25℃, pH 7.0에서 균사 생장이 가장 왕성하였다. 균사는 초기에 백색에서 생장이 진행될수록 진한 노란색을 띠다 진한 갈색으로 변화하는 공통적인 특징을 가지고 있었으며, 곰보버섯만의 고유한 배양적 특징으로 균사가 종에 따라 주기별로 경화되는 특징과 특유 강한 향이 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 균사 형태는 관찰을 통하여 총 5종류로 분류되었고 이들 균주의 ITS 분석 결과 Morchella conica, M.sextelata, M. importuna, M. esculenta, M. carssipes 등 5종으로 동정되었다. UFPF primer를 이용하여 PCR 다형성을 분석한 결과 ITS 분석 결과와는 다르게 M. conica로 동정된 KMCC04971 균주와 M. sextelata로 동정된 KMCC04407 균주는 동일한 패턴을 보였으며 그 결과 4개의 그룹으로 분류할 수 있었다. 균주별 균사체 베타글루칸 함량 분석 결과 M. importuna인 KMCC04973 균주가 100 g당 알파글루칸 16.4 g을 포함하는 베타글루칸 함량 33.1 g으로 가장 높았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.2180-2189
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• 2017

Psychrophilic phytases suitable for aquaculture are rare. In this study, a phytase of the histidine acid phosphatase (HAP) family was identified in Morchella importuna, a psychrophilic mushroom. The phytase showed 38% identity with Aspergillus niger PhyB, which was the closest hit. The M. importuna phytase was overexpressed in Pichia pastoris, purified, and characterized. The phytase had an optimum temperature at $25^{\circ}C$, which is the lowest among all the known phytases to our best knowledge. The optimum pH (6.5) is higher than most of the known HAP phytases, which is fit for the weak acidic condition in fish gut. At the optimum pH and temperature, MiPhyA showed the maximum activity level ($2,384.6{\pm}90.4{\mu}mol{\cdot}min^{-1}{\cdot}mg^{-1}$, suggesting that the enzyme possesses a higher activity level over many known phytases at low temperatures. The phytate-degrading efficacy was tested on three common feed materials (soybean meal/rapeseed meal/corn meal) and was compared with the well-known phytases of Escherichia coli and A. niger. When using the same amount of activity units, MiPhyA could yield at least $3{\times}$ more inorganic phosphate than the two reference phytases. When using the same weight of protein, MiPhyA could yield at least $5{\times}$ more inorganic phosphate than the other two. Since it could degrade phytate in feed materials efficiently under low temperature and weak acidic conditions, which are common for aquacultural application, MiPhyA might be a promising candidate as a feed additive enzyme.