Journal of Mushroom (한국버섯학회지)

The Korean Society of Mushroom Science (한국버섯학회)
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Culture characteristics and genetic relationship of morel mushroom (Morchella spp.) isolates from Korea and other countries

곰보버섯 (Morchella spp.) 수집균주의 배양적특성 및 유전적 유연관계

  • Min, Gyeong-Jin (Mushroom Science Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Hye-sung (Mushroom Science Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Eun-ji (Mushroom Science Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Chan-Jung (Mushroom Science Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 민경진 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 박혜성 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 이은지 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 이찬중 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과)
  • Received : 2020.02.29
  • Accepted : 2020.03.16
  • Published : 2020.03.31
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Abstract

Eight morel mushroom species were collected from Korea and other countries. The culture characteristics, genetic relationships, and beta-glucan content of the strains were analyzed. The mycelia of Morchella species exhibited optimal growth when cultured in dark at 25 ℃ in media with pH 7. The mycelia had a distinctive mycelial scent and characteristically changed color, being white initially, and then turning dark yellow to dark brown as it grew. The mycelia were classified into five types based on morphology. The isolates were identified as Morchella conica, two M. sextelata, M. importuna, M. esculenta, and three M. crassipes, based on ITS-rDNA sequences. PCR polymorphisms were variably produced within Morchella spp. using Universal Fungal Fingerprinting Primers (UFPF) and classified into four groups at the intra and inter species level. The strains, KMCC04971 and KMCC04407, showed the same banding pattern as M. conica and M. sextelata, respectively; however, these results were different from those of ITS analysis. Glucan content analysis by strain showed that the KMCC 04973 strain of M. importuna had the highest alpha- and beta-glucan content, at 16.4 g and 33.1 g per 100 g, respectively.

본 연구는 국내외 수집 균주를 대상으로 균주의 배양적 특성과 유전적 유연관계 및 균주별 함유된 베타글루칸의 함량을 분석하였다. 곰보버섯은 생장온도 25℃, pH 7.0에서 균사 생장이 가장 왕성하였다. 균사는 초기에 백색에서 생장이 진행될수록 진한 노란색을 띠다 진한 갈색으로 변화하는 공통적인 특징을 가지고 있었으며, 곰보버섯만의 고유한 배양적 특징으로 균사가 종에 따라 주기별로 경화되는 특징과 특유 강한 향이 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 균사 형태는 관찰을 통하여 총 5종류로 분류되었고 이들 균주의 ITS 분석 결과 Morchella conica, M.sextelata, M. importuna, M. esculenta, M. carssipes 등 5종으로 동정되었다. UFPF primer를 이용하여 PCR 다형성을 분석한 결과 ITS 분석 결과와는 다르게 M. conica로 동정된 KMCC04971 균주와 M. sextelata로 동정된 KMCC04407 균주는 동일한 패턴을 보였으며 그 결과 4개의 그룹으로 분류할 수 있었다. 균주별 균사체 베타글루칸 함량 분석 결과 M. importuna인 KMCC04973 균주가 100 g당 알파글루칸 16.4 g을 포함하는 베타글루칸 함량 33.1 g으로 가장 높았다.

Keywords

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