• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

The automotive air conditioning hose is used for connecting the components of air conditioner in a vehicle. The hose is usually manufactured by the swaging process to connect the rubber hose with the metal fitting at the end of the hose. In case that the clamping force is small, the refrigerant gas in the hose can leak locally under the severe operating circumstances. The practical test of clamping force is performed by means of the measurement of separation force. In this study, the swaging process of a hose is simulated with the finite element method, to investigate the effect of friction coefficient on the clamping force. The contact condition is used in consideration of real manufacturing process, and the material properties for the Mooney-Rivlin model is obtained by the experimental results. The result interpretations are focused on the contact forces, which is displayed graphically with respect to friction coefficient, on the surfaces between the hose and the metal fittings.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2011

In general, butyl rubber(IIR : isobutylene isoprene rubber) has excellent gas permeability resistance and impact absorbance property as low resilience elastomer. In this experiment butyl rubber blends with EPDM(ethylene propylene diene monomer) were prepared by mechanical mixing method. Curing behavior, physical properties and ozone resistance etc. were subsequently examined. Measurement results of gas transmission rate test shows that butyl rubber contents above 50 wt% showed significant decrease in gas permeability resistant property. However, in butyl rubber/EPDM blend, EPDM contents above 25 wt% indicates no surface change due to improvement of ozone resistance under the condition of 50 pphm, $50^{\circ}C$, 120 hrs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.1667-1675
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• 2003

This paper has considered the calculation of lateral stiffness of radial tire's sidewall, which consists of cord stiffness and rubber sheet stiffness, by using the material constants of rubber compounds of tire. We have suggested and illustrated how to calculate the rubber sheet lateral stiffness by considering the following aspects. First, the rubber sheet consists of various kinds of rubber compounds with different thickness along the sidewall in the radial direction. Secondly, equivalent Young's modulus of the rubber sheet can be calculated by using available experimental data of rubber compounds. The present method enables us to divide the calculation domain as many as we want, which can reduce numerical error in the calculation of geometrical and mechanical properties. We have illustrated the calculation by using the data of the radial tire for passenger car of P205/60R15.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.706-710
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• 2008

The experiment of dome port cover under shock impact is performed with shock tube. The dome port cover blocked intake air duct up from the solid propellant during air breathing vehicle speed reach Mach 2.0. When the air breathing vehicle reach Mach 2.0, the inlet cover is removed and the dome port cover is broken to pieces by detonator or pressure of inlet air. Thus the dome port cover not only must stand the pressure of combustion chamber but also easy to break from the RAM pressure. In this study, a fracture evaluation on the $Al_2O_3$ ceramic spherical dome and circular plate port under impact has been presented. Ceramic were supported by the rigid body and a couple of O-ring. The Mooney-Rivlin model have been used to describe behaviors of both O-ring. And spherical dome and circular plate fracture results of the LS-DYNA code using Johnson-Holmquist(JH-2) constitutive equation was compared.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2005

Nowadays, various kind of rubber-like materials are used in industry. These are usually installed in automobiles, trains, etc. They work as dampers or important parts in the system, and the applications for rubber-like materials are increasing. In the past days, rubber engineers and designers predicted rubber material behaviors by the analytic method for limited problems. With the progress of digital computers, Finite Element Methods is widely used for analyzing the rubber-like materials. The popular methods predicting rubber material property are curve fitting and least square method, but there are some problems such as low precision and tedious solving process. Here, we introduce a method estimating rubber material property by successive zooming genetic algorithm(SZGA). The proposed algorithm offers more precise rubber property. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we compared this method with Haines & Wilson's method, MARC, ABAQUS.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.207-227
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• 2011

This study developed a statistical thinking level with constructs framework from based on Jones, Thornton, Langrall, & Mooney (2000) to analyze the 6th graders' thinking level shown on their survey activities. It was modified by 5 constructs framework such as collecting, describing, organizing, representing, and analyzing and interpreting data with four thinking levels, which represent a continuum from idiosyncratic to analytic reasoning. As a result, among four levels such as idiosyncratic level (level 1), transitional level (level 2), quantitative level (level 3), and analytical level (level 4), levels of two through four are shown on statistical thinking levels in this study.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.167-175
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• 2020

Various studies have been conducted to improve silica dispersion of silica filled tire tread compounds; among them, silica wet masterbatch (WMB) technology is known to be suitable for manufacturing silica filled compounds that have high silica content and high dispersibility. Till now, the WMB study is focused on the natural rubber (NR) or emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber (ESBR) that does not have a silica-affinity functional group, and a study of NR or ESBR having a silica-affinity functional group is still not well known. Unlike the dry masterbatch technology, the WMB technology can solve the problems associated with the high Mooney viscosity when applied to silica-friendly rubber. However, a coagulant suitable for each functional group has not yet been determined. Therefore, in this study, different coagulant applied silica WMB was prepared by applying calcium chloride, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid by using a carboxyl group functionalized reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer ESBR. The evaluation of the WMB compounds revealed that the calcium chloride added WMB compound showed excellent silica dispersion, abrasion resistance, and rolling resistance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.63-85
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• 1996

의사 결정의 문제는 기본적으로 다수의 상충되는 기준(Criteria)하에서 최적의 대안을 선택하는 문제이며, 특히 국가나 항공사 또는 어느 기관에서 항공기의 구입시 기종 선정의 문제는 항공기 자체의 높은 가격 및 기술 파급효과, 안전성, 경쟁성 등 다수의 요인들을 심도 있게 고려하여야만 한다. 따라서 다수의 전문가 집단의 의견을 종합할 수 있다면 실패의 확률을 줄일 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문은 한국항공대학교의 훈련용 항공기의 도입 필요성이 제기됨에 따라 대상 기종인 Mooney MSE와 Cessna 172RG 기종에 대하여 현재 한국항공대학교에서 비행 교육을 담당하고 있는 운항학과 전임교수와 비행교육원 비행 교관들의 설문을 통하여 계층화 의사결정법을 이용하여 전문가 의견을 종합하였다. 계층화 의사결정법(AHP; Analytic Heirarchy Process)은 1970년대 초 T. L. Saaty에 의해 개발된 기법으로 다수의 목표, 다수의 기준, 다수의 의사결정 주체가 포함되어 있는 의사결정 문제를 계층화한 후, 상위 계층의 한 기준의 관점에서 직하위 계층의 요소들의 상대적 중요도(Relative Importance) 또는 가중치(Weight)를 쌍별비교(Pairwise Comparison)에 의해 측정하여 궁극적으로 최하위 계층의 대안의 우선순위를 구하는 기법으로 앞으로 항공기의 기종선 정시(특히 훈련용 항공기) 계층화 의사결정법(AHP)을 활용할 수 있도록 모델을 제시하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 1995

In this paper, a finite viscoelastic continuum model for rubber and its finite element analysis are presented. This finite viscoelatic model based on continuum mechanics is an extended model of Johnson and Wuigley's 1-D model. In this extended model, continuum based kinematic measures are rigorously defied and by using this kinematic measures, elastic stage law and flow rule are introduced. In kinematics, three configuration are introduced. In kinematics, three configuration are introduced. They are reference, current and virtual visco configurations. In elastic state law, it is assumed that at a certain time, there exists an elastic potential which describes the recoverable elastic energy. From this elastic potential, elastic state law is derived. The proposed flow rule is based on phenomenological observation. The flow rule gives precise relaxation response. In finite element approximation, mixed Lagrangian description is used, where total and similar method of updated Lagrangian descriptions are used together. This approach reduces the numerical job and gives simple nonlinear syatem of equations. To satisfy the incompressible condition, penalty-type modified Mooney-Rivlin energy function is adopted. By this method nearly incompressible condition is obtain the virtual visco configuration. For verification, uniaxial stretch tests are simulated for various stretch rates. The simulated results show good agreement with experiments. As a practical experiments. As a preactical example, pressurized rubber plate is simulated. The result shows finite viscoelastic effects clearly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.95-101
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• 2021

An analysis was conducted to predict the behavior of gasket by applying an optimal-strain energy-density function selected through a uniaxial tensile test and an analysis of the gasket used in an actual hydrogen fuel cell. Among the models compared to predict the materials' properties, the Mooney-Rivlin secondary model showed the behavior most similar to the test results. The maximum stress of the gasket was not significantly different, depending on the location. The maximum surface pressure of the gasket was higher at positions "T" and "Y" than at other positions, owing to the branch-shape effect. In the future, a jig that can measure the surface pressure will be manufactured and a comparative verification study will be conducted between the test results and the analysis results.