• 제목/요약/키워드: Monkey

검색결과 194건 처리시간 0.022초

중국 경극복식 연구 I (A Study of the Costume Used in Peking Opera)

  • 신경섭
    • 복식
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    • 제60권8호
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    • pp.132-150
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this research was to study the forms and styles of the costumes in the Peking Opera of China and to figure out the symbolism and aesthetic value of the costumes. The research was done using documentary Peking Opera, the costumes can be seen as a special kind of language which audience members can clearly understand it. Therefore, the spectators can understand instantly the sex, age, personality, and position of the character by seeing the style, color, and patterns of the costumes. As a result, one can call the costumes of Peking Opera, "picturizing costumes". The typical costumes are mangpao, pi, kao, xiezi, yi. Mangpao is the ceremonial robe often used by emperors and officials. It can be worn by lao sheng, xiao sheng and wu sheng. Bright yellow and apricot yellow colors are used exclusively by those who play the parts of emperors, foreign rulers, princes and the Monkey King. The next costume style to be discussed is Pi. Pi is the informal dress for the emperor, and young officials that are involved in civilian or military duties. The third costume style to be explored is Kao: the garment that a stage warrior wears when going into battle. This warrior can have three kinds of armor: the hard armor, the soft armor and the newly revised armor. Fourthly, the costume that is the most commonly worn, xiezi, is examined; it is the informal coat for every one regardless of one's age, sex, role, or level of nobility. Finally, the last of the typical costumes is Yi; this costume category includes numerous kinds of costumes, such as kaichang, baguaiyi, fayi, guanyi, yulinjia, kanjian, toupeng, jianyi, etc

Rhesus 및 Cynomolgus 원숭이에서 급성위확장 증례 (Acute Gastric Dilatation in Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) Monkeys)

  • 이재일;강병철
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.314-316
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    • 2008
  • 급성 위확장은 실험시설에서 사육되고 있는 Macaca 원숭이에서 가장 흔하게 발생하는 응급상황 중에 하나이다. 이 보고서는 사육 원숭이에서 발생한 몇몇 증례를 소개하고자 한다. 급성 위확장증을 보인 원숭이들에는 실험을 위해 원숭이 보정의자에 앉힌 경우나 마취를 한 경우, 그리고 아무런 처치도 하지 않은 경우 등이 있었다. 이환된 동물들은 심한 복부팽만, 탈수, 청색증과 호흡곤란 등을 동반한 혼수 상태를 보였다. 한 증례는 전신장애로 인해 상태가 악화되고 폐사하여 부검을 실시하였다. 나머지 두 증례는 위관과 수액요법으로 응급처치를 한 결과 병증에서 회복되었다. 부검결과, 위의 대부분은 위내 가스와 물 그리고 섭취물로 채워져 있었다. 이 보고서는 영장류에서 급성위확장증의 발생과 관리에 대한 특별한 강조와 더불어 본 질환이 비 특이적인 원인에 의해 발생할 수 도 있음을 시사한다.

A Growth-Stimulating Protein in Cow's Milk

  • Ki, Eun-Kyung;Park, Yong-Bok;Choi, Myung-Sook
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.59-65
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    • 1994
  • 이 실험에서는 소의 유즙에 있는 성장인자를 세포배양을 통해 확인하고 크로마토그래피를 사용하여 분리 정제하였다. 5%의 우유를 포함하는 배지를 FBS(fetal bovine serum)를 포함한 배지와 비교했을때 Africal green monkey kidney cell의 성장 촉진 효과가 비슷하게 나타났으며, 우유의 성장인자를 분리 정제한 결과 FBS배지에서보다 2,000배 이상의 성장 촉진 효과가 나타났다. 이 성장인자는 hydrophobic column(phenyl-sepharose)과 gel-filtration column(sephadex G-100)을 사용하여 분리했으며 그 결과 milk-deriven growth factor는 phenyl-sepharose에서 50% ethylene glycol step에서 용출되므로 hydrophobic protein임이 증명되었고 size exclusion column chromatography로 부터 분자량이 100,000-15,0000 범위의 고분자 물질임이 밝혀졌다. 또한 우유의 성장인자는 매우 다양하며 그중 본 실험으로부터 정제된 물질이 주요 성장인자로 밝혀졌다.

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한(韓).중(中).일(日)의 식생활문화(食生活文化) 비교연구(比較硏究) (II) - $14{\sim}19$세기, 일상식품(日常食品)을 중심(中心)으로- (A Study on the Comparison Among Korea, China and Japan Food Cultures (II) - From 14C to 19C, on the Daily foods -)

  • 안명수
    • 한국식생활문화학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.353-364
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    • 1997
  • A study was carried out to compare the daily foods which were eaten during $14{\sim}19$ century among Korea (Chosun dynasty), China (Ming, thing dynasty), and Japan (Muromachi, Edo era). Specially, in Ming, Ching dynasty, Noodles and dumpling were cooked very often and in Muromachi, Edo era, many kinds of beans were used so much, and there were many kinds of steamed rice to compare with Korea and China. Also, in Japan at these era Woodong, Morisoba, and Somyen were used as favorite foods harbitually. 1. The crops were used as staple foods in three countries such as steamed rice, gruel, noodle, dumpling, rice cake etc. commonly. 2. In Chosun, a roe deer, deer, antelope, and wild boar were more favoite dishes than cow, chicken, and dog, generally people enjoyed to eat pork and chicken. In Ming Ching, pork, chicken, goose, dove, lamb, ass, and duck were used as food materials, also wild animals such as deer, rabbit, and monkey etc. were used. In Muromach era, wild animal as racoon dog, otter, deer, antelope, bear, were used as food materials, in early Edo era (Yayoi and Momoyama), beef and pork were used as daily foods but they were eaten decreasingly in Edo era. So in Japan at those era, the dishes prepared of fishes were more than those of meats. For example, Sushi was made from that time, people all over the world are enjoying to have Sushi at present time. 3. Also in these era, many kinds of vegetables and fruits were used in three countries, and new kinds of vegetables and fruits were introduced from foreign countries, for example, red pepper, pumpkin, sweet potato, potato in Korea, corn, sweet potato, red pepper in China, and water melon, pumpkin, corn, red pepper, marmellow, sweet potato, sugar beet in Japan.

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이공산(異功散)의 세포보호 및 항산화 작용 (Cytoprotective and Antioxidative Effects of Crude Drug Preparation (E-kong-san))

  • 이경태;최정혜;노영수;안규석;장성구;오수명;정지창
    • 생약학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.255-260
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    • 1999
  • In the previous report, E-kong-san, which is usually used for recovering health in traditional medicine, has been shown to decrease cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. The significant reduction of E-kong-san on the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity led us to investigate whether the effect of this water extract was a result of triggering antioxidation. In monkey kidney Vero cells, E-kong-san at $5{\sim}10\;mg/ml$ was able to attenuate 2mM cisplatin-stimulated cell death by 46.8% and 31.8%, respectively. E-kong-san showed strong free radical scavengering activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical and xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XOD) generated superoxide anion radical $(O_2^{-.})$. We further studied the effects of E-kong-san on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes induced by enzymatic and nonenzymatic methods. Moreover, E-kong-san exhibited significant inhibition on both ascorbic $acid/Fe^{2+}$ and $ADP/NADPH/Fe^{3+}$ induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Based on these results, we suggest that E-kong-san protects the cisplatin induced cytotoxicity by its antioxidative mechanism.

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Glucose Controls the Expression of Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein 1 via the Insulin Receptor Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic β Cells

  • Jeong, Da Eun;Heo, Sungeun;Han, Ji Hye;Lee, Eun-young;Kulkarni, Rohit N.;Kim, Wook
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제41권10호
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    • pp.909-916
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    • 2018
  • In pancreatic ${\beta}$ cells, glucose stimulates the biosynthesis of insulin at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The RNA-binding protein, polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), also named hnRNP I, acts as a critical mediator of insulin biosynthesis through binding to the pyrimidine-rich region in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of insulin mRNA. However, the underlying mechanism that regulates its expression in ${\beta}$ cells is unclear. Here, we report that glucose induces the expression of PTBP1 via the insulin receptor (IR) signaling pathway in ${\beta}$ cells. PTBP1 is present in ${\beta}$ cells of both mouse and monkey, where its levels are increased by glucose and insulin, but not by insulin-like growth factor 1. PTBP1 levels in immortalized ${\beta}$ cells established from wild-type (${\beta}IRWT$) mice are higher than levels in ${\beta}$ cells established from IR-null (${\beta}IRKO$) mice, and ectopic re-expression of IR-WT in ${\beta}IRKO$ cells restored PTBP1 levels. However, PTBP1 levels were not altered in ${\beta}IRKO$ cells transfected with IR-3YA, in which the Tyr1158/1162/1163 residues are substituted with Ala. Consistently, treatment with glucose or insulin elevated PTBP1 levels in ${\beta}IRWT$ cells, but not in ${\beta}IRKO$ cells. In addition, silencing Akt significantly lowered PTBP1 levels. Thus, our results identify insulin as a pivotal mediator of glucose-induced PTBP1 expression in pancreatic ${\beta}$ cells.

한의약건강증진사업 현황 및 인식도 조사 : 보건소 건강증진사업담당자를 대상으로 (A National-wide Survey of Public Health Promotion Programs in Traditional Korean Medicine Targeted on Public Officials)

  • 박정수;장수빈;이주아;고호연;박선주
    • 대한예방한의학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.61-68
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    • 2017
  • Objectives : This study aimed to examine the status of public health promotion programs in Traditional Korean Medicine (PHPP-TKM) from program managing public officials. Methods : The survey was a self-administered questionnaires based on internet service, survey monkey. The survey included the conducting status, obstacles, and improvement points of PHPP-TKM. Results : A total number of 179 officials participated the survey (response rate 71.0%), comprising 92.8% female. The survey demonstrated that 70.3% of participants conducted PHPP-TKM. The most frequent PHPP-TKM were stroke and bone/joint program. The reasons for not conducting PHPP-TKM were lack of financial support and program contents. The obstacles during conducting PHPP-TKM were insufficient contents and assessment index in PHPP-TKM. To develop necessary program for local residents and to secure financial support were required for managing future PHPP-TKM. Conclusions : The results suggests that various contents, validated assessment index, stable funds are to promote PHPP-TKM.

Gene Expression Profiling of Doxifluridine Treated Liver, Small and Large Intestine in Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) Monkeys

  • Jeong, Sun-Young;Park, Han-Jin;Oh, Jung-Hwa;Kim, Choong-Yong;Yoon, Seok-Joo
    • Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.137-144
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    • 2007
  • The mechanism of cytotoxicity of doxifluridine, a prodrug fluorouracil (5-FU), has been ascribed to the misincorporation of fluoropyrimidine into RNA and DNA and to the inhibition of the nucleotide synthetic enzyme thymidylate synthase. Increased understanding of the mechanism of 5-FU has led to the development of strategies that increases its anticancer activity or predicts its sensitivity to patients. Using GeneChip?? Rhesus Macaque Genome arrays, we analyzed gene expression profiles of doxifluridine after two weeks repeated administration in cynomolgus monkey. Kegg pathway analysis suggested that cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell adhesion remodeling were commonly occurred in colon, jejunum, and liver. However, expression of genes encoding extracellular matrix was distinguished colon from others. In colon, COL6A2, COL18A1, ELN, and LAMA5 were over-expressed. In contrast, genes included in same category were down-regulated in jejunum and liver. Interestingly, MMP7 and TIMP1, the key enzymes responsible for ECM regulation, were overexpressed in colon. Several studies were reported that both gene reduced cell sensitivity to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Therefore, we suggest they have potential as target for modulation of 5-FU action. In addition, the expression of genes which have been previously known to involve in 5-FU pathway, were examined in three organs. Particularly, there were more remarkable changes in colon than in others. In colon, ECGF1, DYPD, TYMS, DHFR, FPGS, DUT, BCL2, BAX, and BAK1 except CAD were expressed in the direction that was good response to doxifluridine. These results may provide that colon is a prominent target of doxifluridine and transcriptional profiling is useful to find new targets affecting the response to the drug.

소성장호르몬 유전자의 조직 특이성 발현에 미치는 바이러스 engancer의 영향 (Effect of Viral Enhancers on the Tissue-Specific Expression of Bovine Growth Hormone Gene)

  • 박계윤;김수미;노정혜
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.85-91
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    • 1989
  • 조직특이적 및 일반적 유전자 발현에 미치는 SV40와 murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) enhancer의 영향을 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) 유전자의 아래쪽에 이들 enhancer들을 삽입한 재조합 플라스미드 들을 제조하였다. 원숭이세포(CV1PO)와 HeLa 세포에 이들 플라스미드들을 이입시킨 후, CAT 유전자가 발현되는 정도를 조사하였다. Enhancer가 없는 플라스미드에 비해 SV40와 MCMV enhancer는 CAT의 발현을 각각 20배와 150배로 가중시켰다. CAT 유전자의 앞에 있는 SV40 프로모터를 2.2kbp의 소성장호르몬(bGH) 유전자의 조절부위로 치환한 경우는 enhancer가 있어도 전혀 CAT 의 말현이 검출되지 않았다. 조절부위을 230 bp 로 짧게 하여 치환한 경우는, SV 40 enhancer 가 있을 때, CAT의 말현이 매우 증가하였다. 이와는 내조적으로 더 강한 MCMV enhancer는 bGH 특이적인 발현을 별로 증가시키지 못하였다.

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Detection and Molecular Identification of Human Enteric Viruses in Urban Rivers in Korea

  • Lee, Cheong-Hoon;Kim, Sang-Jong
    • 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국미생물학회 2008년도 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea
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    • pp.171-171
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    • 2008
  • We monitored the occurrence of human enteric viruses in urban rivers by cell culture-PCR and RT-nested PCR. Water samples were collected monthly or semimonthly between May 2002 and March 2003 in four urban tributaries. Enteric viruses were detected by RT-nested PCR and cell culture-PCR based on a combination of Buffalo Green monkey kidney (BGMK) and A549 cell lines, followed by phylogenetic analysis of amplicons. By RT-nested PCR analysis, 45 (77.6%), 32 (55.2%), 32 (55.2%), 26 (44.8%), 12 (20.7%), 2 (3.4%), 4 (6.9%), and 4 (6.9%) of 58 samples showed positive results with adenoviruses, enteroviruses, noroviruses (NV) genogroup I (GI) and II (GII), reoviruses, hepatitis A viruses, rotaviruses and sapoviruses, respectively. Adenoviruses were most often detected and only eight (13.8%) samples were negative for adenoviruses and positive for other enteric viruses in the studied sites. Thirty-one (77.5%) of the 40 samples were positive for infectious adenoviruses and/or enteroviruses based on cell culture-PCR, and the frequency of positive samples grown on A549 and BGMK (65.0%) was higher than that grown on BGMK alone (47.5%). The occurrence of each enteric virus, except reoviruses and hepatitis A viruses was not statistically correlated with the water temperature and levels of fecal coliforms according to Binary logistic regression model. By sequence analysis, most strains of adenoviruses and enteroviruses detected in this study are similar to the causative agent of viral diseases in Korea and most NV GI- and GII-grouped strains were closely related to the reference strains from China and Japan, and GII/4-related strains had similar sequences to strains recognized as a worldwide epidemic outbreak. Our results suggested that monitoring human enteric viruses is necessary to improve microbial quality and cell culture-PCR using the combination of A549 and BGMK cells and the adenovirus detection by PCR could be useful for monitoring viral contamination in the aquatic environment.

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