• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 2019

Recently, the rapid growth of the companion animal market has led to the development of animal disease diagnosis kits. Therefore, the utility of the introduction of biomarkers for the development of animal molecular diagnostics is being reevaluated. A good biomarker should be precise and reliable, distinguish between normal and diseased states, and differentiate between different diseases. Recently reported genetic markers, tumor markers (cell free DNA, circulating tumor cells, granzyme, and skin tumors), and others (brucellosis, programmed death recovery-1, symmetric dimethylarginine, periostin, and cysteinyl leukotrien) have been developed. The biomarkers are used for risk prediction or for the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of disease progression. The most important criteria for related biomarkers are disease specificity. Many potential biomarkers have emerged from laboratory and test studies, but they have not been validated in independent or large-scale clinical studies. Candidate biomarkers evaluate disease associations, verify the effectiveness of biomarkers for early detection and disease progression, and incorporate them into humans and animals. In the future, it will be necessary to reevaluate the utility of well-structured biomarker-based research and study the development of kits that can be used in on-site tests in accordance with the trends introduced in the diagnosis of animal diseases.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.337-342
• /
• 2019

This letter describes the development of WRI (Wildfire Risk Index) using GDAPS (Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System) and satellite data, and its application to the Goseong-Sokcho and Gangneung-Donghae wildfires in April 4, 2019. We made sure that the proposed WRI represented the change of wildfire risk of around March 19 and April 4 very well. Our approach can be a viable option for wildfire risk monitoring, and future works will be necessary for the utilization of GK-2A products and the coupling with the wildfire prediction model of the Korea Forest Service.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.609-619
• /
• 2018

This study was carried out at a local limestone mine to analyze the ventilation efficiency of the shaft equipped with a main fan. The results show that its ventilation efficiency is clearly verified for the natural as well as the mechanical ventilation. The airflow rate of $11.7m^3/s$ was induced by the natural ventilation force and the maximum quantity is almost same as the airflow rate estimated by monitoring the average temperatures in the upcast and downcast air columns. Meanwhile, the airflow rate exhausted by the main fan through the shaft was $20.3{\sim}24.8m^3/s$; variation of the quantity was caused by the upward shift of the mine ventilation characteristic curve due to the frequent movement of the equipment. This indicates efforts are required to reduce the ventilation resistance and raise the quantity supplied by the main fan. The turbulent diffusion coefficients along the 1912 m long airway from the portal to the shaft bottom was estimated to be $15m^2/s$ and $18m^2/s$. Since these higher coefficients imply that contaminants will be dispersed at a faster velocity than the airflow, prompt exhaust method should be planned for the effective air quality control. The ventilation shaft and main fan are definitely what local limestone mines inevitably need for better working environment and sustainable development.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.60-64
• /
• 2019

Swyer-James syndrome (SJS), also known as Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome and unilateral hyperlucent lung syndrome, is rare acquired pulmonary disorder develops secondary to infectious etiologies in early childhood. Viral respiratory infection such as adenoviruses or Mycoplasma pneumoniae in infancy or early childhood rarely cause Swyer-James syndrome. It is generally characterized on radiographs by a unilateral small lung with hyperlucency and air trapping on expiration. In many cases unaffected lung tissue functions normally, compensating for affected lung portion. Preoperative assessment is needed to determinate individual's pulmonary function. A 4-year-old boy with Swyer-James syndrome visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital Department of pediatric dentistry for caries treatment. Clinical and radiographic examinations revealed multiple carious lesions on deciduous teeth. Considering patient's underling disease, age, and level of cooperation, dental treatment under general anesthesia was scheduled. Dental treatment was done with composite resin and stainless-steel crown. Since ventilation of Swyer-James syndrome patients was diminished because of airway obstruction, close monitoring of ventilation is necessary during dental treatment. Considering pulmonary pathology, general anesthesia rather than sedation is recommended when special behavior management is required for dental treatment. Swyer-James syndrome patients can tolerate general anesthesia and surgery well, according to several reports.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 2019

We've reviewed existing studies on the interactions among vegetation, hydrology, and geomorphology in the stream corridors, adding one more factor of vegetation in the traditional area of hydro-geomorphology. Understanding of the interactions among those three factors is important not only academically but also practically since it is related intimately to the restoration of river corridor as well as management itself. Studies of this area started from field investigations in the latter part of the 20th century and focused on the flume experiments and then computer modelling in the 1990s and 2000s. Now, it has turned again to the field investigations of specific phenomena of the vegetative-hydrologic-geomorphologic interactions in detailed micro scales. Relevant studies in Korea, however, seem to be uncommon and far behind the international status quo in spite that practically important issues related directly to this topic have been emerged. In this study, we propose, based on the extensive literature review and authors' own knowledge and experiences, a conceptual diagram expressing the interactions among vegetation, flow (water), sediment, and geomorphology. Existing relevant studies in Korea since the 1990s are classified according to the categorization in the proposed diagrams and then briefly reviewed. Finally, considering the practical issues of riparian vegetation that have emerged recently in Korea, we propose areas of investigation needed in near future such as, among others, long-term and systematic field investigations and monitoring at multiple river corridors having different attributes on vegetative-hydrologic-geomorphologic interactions, including vegetative dynamics for succession.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.694-704
• /
• 2021

To improve the quality of government-funded vocational training, an accreditation system of vocational training providers has been implemented since 2015. The purpose of this study was to suggest improvement measures by analyzing the accreditation system and the perceptions surrounding it. To this end, accreditation systems from European countries, such as Germany and the UK, as well as related domestic systems, were reviewed. Two surveys were administered to 131 appraisers and 370 vocational training providers. The study results showed that changes to the standard and accreditation processes are not needed at this point. In the long term, however, it will be necessary to request that vocational training providers adopt their quality assurance system. In addition, both appraisers and vocational training providers responded that the accreditation system is being established to increase the quality assurance system within vocational training providers. Based on the study results, several implications for improving the accreditation system were suggested as follows: a vocational training enhancement centered on outstanding vocational training providers; an accreditation system simplification for short-term vocational training providers; a stronger monitoring system during the accreditation period; and an operation of outcome-based accreditation.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.79-90
• /
• 2021

Landscape composition and structure are important factors determining biological diversity including pests and natural enemires in agricultural ecosystem. This study was conducted to indentify effect of landscape composition on occurrence of lepidopteran pest population in Geochang, Gyoungdnam. For this, orchard characteristics and management practices were surveyed in 80 conventional apple orchards in Geochang, Korea, along with the monitoring of pest population densities. The landscape features of each surveyed orchard also obtained by extracting information from the public-service map. Grapholita molesta was the most dominat and damaging pest followed by Phyllonorycter ringoniella and Carposina sasakii in trap catches. Adoxophyes paraorana occurrences were low. Farmers spray insecticides and fungicides ap. 12.4 times per year respectively while acaricides were sprayed 2.4 times. Major landscape features such as surrounding apple orchard or paddy field did not influence the pest populations but presence of plum, peach, wild peach, graph, and even abandoned orchards significantly resulted in higher pest population mostly on G. molesta. C. sasakii population was higher in orchards with grape, peach, and P. ringoniella with peach, grape, abandoned orchards and jujube. Results highlight the need of landscape management not only for the rural amenity but also for increasing functional diversity of agroecosystem as well as reducing pest population.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.64 no.6
• /
• pp.327-333
• /
• 2020

Performance of a portable GC that can be utilized for the real time determination of volatile organic compounds in air was evaluated. It employs purified/compressed ambient air as the carrier gas eliminating the need for high pressure gas tanks. The compact system with dimensions of 35 × 26 × 15 ㎤ and weight of 5 kg is powered by either a 24 V DC external adapter or battery pack. Chromatograms of the mixture sample including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and oxylene at concentrations of 1 ppmv and 20 ppmv represent a good reproducibility: 3.79% and 0.48% relative standard deviations (RSDs) for peak area variations; 0.40% and 0.08% RSDs for retention times. The method detection limit was 0.09 ppmv. A 30 m long, 0.28 mm I.D. column operated at an optimal condition yielded a peak capacity of 61 with good resolution for a 10 min isothermal analysis. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of the peak area variations and retention times during consecutive measurements over 27 h were less than 2.4%RSD and 0.5%RSD, respectively. Thus, this instrument makes it suitable for continuous and field analysis of low-concentration VOC mixtures in the indoor/outdoor environment as well as the spillage accident of hazardous chemicals.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.374-387
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to provide basic data for monitoring the trend of ecosystem change and establishing management plans for wetland protection areas by understanding the status of naturalized plants. In 21 wetland protection areas, 129 taxa, including 10 invasive alien species, were recorded. The naturalized plants appeared mostly as 71 taxa in the Chimsil wetland and were not observed in the Moojechineup and Sumeunmulbaengdui wetlands. Among the naturalized plants, 42 taxa (32.6%) originated from North America. Annual and biennial plants accounted for 68.2% (88 taxa). The frequencies of occurrence of naturalized plants growing in dry secondary grasses such as Erigeron annuus and Trifolium repens were high, and clonal plants that propagated by making stolons and struck roots accounted for 19.4% (25 taxa). The naturalized and urbanization indices showed positive correlations with location factors such as wetland, agricultural land, and used area. However, a negative correlation was found between altitude and forest. Therefore, a management plan that synthetically considers the occurrence frequency and growth characteristics of naturalized plants as well as the locational characteristics of wetland protection areas is required.

• Journal of Family Relations
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.135-156
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study aim to determine adolescent meal time, which provides the important context of parent-child sharing time. We divided mealtime into family meal and alone meal, and analyzed the time/space context of each meal time as well as the social determinations. Method: We employed adolescents age 10-18 who live with married patents and attends school at the present (n=5,128) from the original data of Korean Time Use Survey. Results: More adolescent were engaged in family meal rather than eating alone in daily bases. However, the trend show difference by day of week and academic grade; family meal are more prevalent in weekends rather than weekdays. As adolescent reaches high school age, the proportion of eating alone beats the proportion of family meal time. Most of the meal occur at home. Having meal outside was relatively scares, especially on weekdays. Tobit and logistic analysis reveal that, on weekday meal, less school hours, more time spent at the private academy, having family leisure event, and long mother's housework hours were positively associated with family meal time. In weekend model, father's education gradient was associated with family meal time, showing higher the father's education level, there were higher chance of having weekend family meal. As for the eating alone, relevant factors were similar with family meal but the directions were the opposite; having family leisure were negatively associated with alone meal, both weekdays and weekend. Long academy hours, meal preparing and leisure alone were positively associated eating alone. Overall, weekday meal time was strongly linked with adolescent daily schedules and time use, while for weekends meal, in both family meal and alone meal, the influence of parent factors were discovered. Conclusion: The results indicates that alone meal and the family meal are not exclusively related but seem to be complementary. Families tend to enjoy family meal yet, there are some necessary situation that adolescent need to be on their own. Increase in ready-made food industries, growing independence of children by age seem partly allow adolescent children to eat alone. Careful attentions may require for monitoring weekends meal situation and the family factor of adolescent in future studies.