• Title/Summary/Keyword: Monitoring data

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A STUDY ON THE CHANGE OF IMPLANT STABILITY USING RESONANCE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS

  • Park Chan-Jin;Kim Yung-Soo;Kim Chang-Whe;Cho Lee-Ra;Yi Yang-Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.271-287
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    • 2003
  • Statement of problem: Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) has been increasingly served as a non-invasive and objective method for clinical monitoring of implant stability. Many clinical studies must be required for standardized baseline data using RFA. Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate RFA value changes in two stage surgery group and one stage surgery group in patients. Material and method: Forty-seven mandibles in consecutively implant installed patients were selected for this study and 141 fixtures were installed. Ninety-three fixtures were double threaded, machined surface design (Br\aaanemark(R) MK III, Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden) and 48 fixtures were root form, threaded, HA-coated surface one (ReplaceTM, Steri-Oss/Nobel Biocare AB, USA). Among those, each 10 fixture was installed in one stage group patients. ISQ values were measured using OsstellTM (Integration Diagnostics Ltd. Sweden) during fixture installation, at healing abutment connection and in the loading period for two stage surgery group patients and during at each 4, 6, 8, 10, 12week and in the loading phase for one stage surgery group patients and evaluated the changes according to the time and fixture type. Results: In two stage surgery group, mean and SO of ISQ values of machined surface implants were 76.85±3.74,75.76±5.04,75.73±4.41 and those of HA-coated surface implant were 75.05±6.23,77.58±5.23,78.32±4.29 during fixtures installation, at healing abutment connection and in the loading period, respectively. In one-stage surgery group, the ISQ values of machined surface and HA-coated surface implants decreased until 4 or 6 week and maintained at plateau for 1-3 week and increased to the loading period. Conclusions: Machined and HA-coated surface implants showed minimal ISQ changes with time if they were installed at the sites showing at least intact cortical plate and good bone qualities. And HA-coated implants had a tendency to show somewhat increased ISQ values with time.

Temporal and Spatial Variations of Temperature and Salinity around Ganjeol Point in the Southeast Coast of Korea (한국 남동해 간절곶 주변해역의 열염구조와 시공간적 변동 특성)

  • Choo, Hyo-Sang;Jang, Duck-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.474-485
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    • 2014
  • Temporal and spatial variations of temperature and salinity around Ganjeol Point during January, April, August and November 2011 were studied using the data from CTD observations and temperature monitoring buoys deployed at 20 stations in the southeast coast of Korea. Temperature and salinity were nearly homogeneous through the whole depth by mixing of the seawater in spring and winter related to the sea surface cooling. Stratification induced by the river runoff and the bottom cold water was clear in summer. In autumn, sea water had vertical mixing initiated from surface layer and weak stratification at the middle and bottom layers. Low temperature and high salinity emerged throughout the year near Ganjeol Point, which inferred from turbulent mixing and upwelling by its topographical effect. Major periods of 1/4~1.4 day temperature fluctuations were recorded for the most part of the stations. According to the cross spectral density analysis, high coherence and small time lag for temperature fluctuation between layers were shown at Ganjeol Point. However, those features at the northen area of Hoeya river were opposed to Ganjeol Point. From analyses, thermohaline structure and its fluctuation around Ganjeol Point were characterized into those three parts, the south of Ganjeol Point, Ganjeol Point and the north of Ganjeol Point.

A Survey on Characteristics of Distribution for Indoor Air Pollutants in Museum Environments (박물관내 실내공기오염물질의 분포 특성 실태조사)

  • Kim, Yoon-shin;Roh, Young-man;Yoon, Young-hun;Lee, Cheol-min;Kim, Ki-yeon;Kim, Jong-cheol;Jeon, Hyoung-jin;Sim, In-suk
    • 보존과학연구
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    • s.28
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    • pp.91-104
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    • 2007
  • The goal of this study was to provide basic data for arrangement of management in museum environment. We investigated characteristics of distribution on indoor air pollutants at exhibition halls and storages in museums between July and August, 2007. The monitoring carried out at three cultural sites, Pusan, Daejeon and Kyungjoo which is possessed their own exhibition hall and storage in Museums. We adopt the several pollutants for this survey such as PM10, PM2.5 CO2, Formaldehyde, TBC, CO, NO2, Rn, VOCs, O3 and followed the standard method of Ministry of Environment, Korea for sampling and analysis, respectively. The results of this survey revealed that average concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in storages were 117.3μg/m3 and 92.6μg/m3, respectively. The average concentration in storages of gases pollutants and microorganism such as CO2, Formaldehyde, NO2, Rn, TVOC, O3, and TBC showed as: 788.8ppm, 30.7μg/m3, 0.4ppm, 6.4ppb, 1.3pCi/, 1,374.9μg/m3, 2.4ppb, and 119.4cfu/m3, respectively. In addition, average concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in exhibition halls were 49.5μg/m3 and 56.1μg/m3, respectively. The average concentration in exhibition halls of gases pollutants and microorganism such as CO2, Formaldehyde, NO2, Rn, TVOC, O3, and TBC showed as: 475.2ppm, 94.1μg/m3, 0.3ppm, 12.4ppb, 0.3pCi/, 1,179.1μg/m3, 5.2ppb, 2.4ppb, and 24.8cfu/m3, respectively.

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Determination of 10α-Methoxy-9,10-dihydrolysergol (MDL), Main Metabolite of Nicergoline, in Human Plasma by HPLC-MS and Applicability to Oral Bioavailability in Korean Healthy Male Volunteers (HPLC-MS를 이용한 생체시료 중 니세르골린의 주대사체인 10α-Methoxy-9,10-dihydrolysergol(MDL)의 분석 및 이를 이용한 한국인 성인 남성에 대한 생체이용률 응용)

  • Lim, Hyon-Kyun;Yoo, Sun-Dong;Kim, Kyeong-Ho;Han, Sang-Beom;Youm, Jeong-Rok
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.51 no.2
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2007
  • A simple and sensitive HPLC-MS method for quantitation of 10α-methoxy-9,10-dihydrolysergol (MDL), the main metabolite of nicergoline, in human plasma was developed and the bioavailability parameters of MDL was assessed in Korean healthy male volunteers. Clomipramine was used as an internal standard. MDL and internal standard in plasma sample were extracted using ethyl acetate. A centrifuged upper layer was then evaporated and reconstituted with mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium acetate-acetonitrile (10 : 90, v/v). The reconstituted samples were injected into a Zorbax SB-C8 column (2.1×150 mm,5 μm) at a flow-rate of 0.3 ml/min. Using MS with selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode, MDL and clomipramine were detected without severe interference from human plasma matrix. MDL produced a protonated molecular ion ([M+H]+) at m/z 287. Internal standard produced a protonated molecular ion ([M+H]+) at m/z 315. A linear relationship for MDL was found in the range of 2.5100 ng/ml. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 2.5 ng/ml with acceptable precision and accuracy. The intra- and inter-day validation for all coefficients of variation (R.S.D.%) were found less than 15%. Main pharmacokinetic parameters of 30 mg of nicergoline were revealed as follows: AUCt 321.1±64.5 nghr/ml, Cmax, 51.2±25.3 ng/ml, Tmax 3.6±1.5 hr, Kel 0.12±0.07 hr1 and t1/2 7.6±3.4 hr. Inter subject variations and race differences were shown in comparison with the published data in the literature.

Characteristics of Lateral Flow due to Embankments for Road Construction on Soft Grounds Using Vertical Drain Methods (연직배수공법이 적용된 연약지반 상에 도로성토로 인한 측방유동의 특성)

  • Hong, Won-Pyo;Kim, Jung-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.28 no.9
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    • pp.5-15
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    • 2012
  • Field monitoring data for embankments in thirteen road construction sites at coastal area of the Korean Peninsula were analyzed to investigate the characteristics of lateral flow in soft grounds, to which vertical drain methods were applied. First of all, the effect of the embankment scale on the lateral flow was investigated. Thicker soft soils and lager relative embankment scale produced more horizontal displacements in soft grounds. Especially, if thick soft grounds were placed, the relative embankment scale, which was given by the ratio of thickness of soft ground to the bottom width of embankments, became larger and in turn large horizontal displacement was produced. And also higher filling velocity of embankments induced more horizontal displacements in soft grounds. The other major factors affecting the lateral flow in soft ground were the thickness and undrained shear strength of soft grounds, the soil modulus and the stability number. Maximum horizontal displacement was induced by less undrained shear strength and soil modulus of soft grounds. Also more stability numbers produced more maximum horizontal displacements. When the shear deformation does not develop, the stability number was less than 3.0 and the safety factor of bearing was more than 1.7. However, if the stability number was more than 5.14 and the safety factor of bearing was less than 1.0, the unstable shear failure developed in soft ground. 50mm can be recommended as a criterion of the allowable maximum horizontal displacement to prevent the shear deformation in soft ground, while 100mm can be recommended as a criterion of the allowable maximum horizontal displacement to prevent the shear failure in soft ground.

Treatment Results and Prognostic Factors of Complicated Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema (합병부폐렴삼출 및 농흉의 치료성적과 예후인자)

  • Kim, Young-Joo;Cha, Seung-Ick;Kwon, Jee-Suk;Yoo, Seung-Soo;Jun, Hee-Jung;Kim, Eun-Jin;Kim, Chang-Ho;Park, Jae-Yong;Jung, Tae-Hoon
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.63 no.1
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2007
  • Background: Pleural effusion develops in approximately 40% of pneumonia patients. In 5-10% of these cases, it progresses to complicated parapneumonic effusion (CPPE) or empyema that requires drainage. The prognostic factors of CPPE and empyema remain to be clarified. We examined the treatment outcomes of CPPE and empyema and elucidating their prognostic factors. Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients with CPPE or empyema, who were diagnosed and treated in Kyungpook National University Hospital (Daegu, Korea) between September 2001 and December 2005, were retrospectively analyzed. All the data was acquired from their chart review, and regarding treatment results, the time to defervescence and the length of hospital stay were analyzed. Results: The treatment was successful in 101 patients with a success rate of 87.8%. Multivariate analysis showed the level of pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to be a significant prognostic factor (odds ratio [OR] 7.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63 to 33.37; p=0.009). Pussy pleural fluid (r=0.236; p=0.01) and the frequency of urokinase use (r=0.257; p=0.01) correlated with the time to defervescence. However, there was no clinical factor that correlated with the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: The pleural fluid LDH level is a useful prognostic factor for monitoring treatment results of CPPE and empyema.

Meteorological Characteristics of High-Ozone Episode Days in Daegu, Korea (대구시의 고농도 오존 발생 일에 나타나는 기상학적 특성)

  • Son, Im-Young;Kim, Hee-Jong;Yoon, Ill-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.424-435
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    • 2002
  • This study analyzes the surface ozone and meteorological data in Daegu for a period from 1997 to 1999. It also investigates the meteorological characteristics of high ozone episodes. For this study the high ozone episode has been defined as a daily maximum ozone concentration higher than 100ppb in at least one station among six air quality monitoring stations in Daegu, Korea. The frequency of episodes is 13 days. The frequency is the highest in May and September. The average value of daily maximum ozone concentration is 81.6ppb, and 8-hour average ozone concentration is 58.6ppb for the high episodes. This shows that ozone pollution is continuous and wide-ranging in Daegu. The daily maximum ozone concentration is positively correlated to solar radiation and daily maximum temperature, but negatively correlated to relative humidity, wind speed and cloud amount. The maximal correlation coefficient to solar radiation is 0.45. The differences between high ozone episode day's daily mean meteorological value and monthly mean value are +1.58hPa for sea level pressure, +3.45C for maximum temperature, -5.69% for relative humidity, -0.46ms1 for wind speed, -1.79 for cloud amount, and +3.97MJm2 for solar radiation, respectively. This shows that strong solar radiation, low wind speed and no precipitation between 07001100LST are favorite conditions for high ozone episodes. It is related to the morning stagnant condition.

A-team Based Approach for Reactive Power/Voltage Control Considering Steady State Security Assessment (정태 안전성 평가를 고려한 무효전력 전압제어를 위한 A-team기반 접근법)

  • Kim, Doo-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.150-159
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, an A-team(Asynchronous Team ) based approach for Reactive power and volage control considering static security assessment in a power system with infrastructural deficiencies is proposed. Reactive power and voltage control problem is the one of optimally establishing voltage level given several constraints such as reactive generation, voltage magnitude, line flow, and other switchable reactive power sources. It can be formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP) problem without deteriorating of solution accuracy to a certain extent. The security assessment is to estimate the relative robustness of the system in Its present state through the evaluation of data provided by security monitoring. Deterministic approach based on AC load flow calculations is adopted to assess the system security, especially voltage security. A security metric, as a standard of measurement for power system security, producting a set of discrete values rather than binary values, is employed. In order to analyze the above two problems, reactive power/voltage control problem and static security assessment problem, in an integrated fashion for real-time operations, a new organizational structure, called an A-team, is adopted. An A-team is an organization for agents which ale all autonomeus, work in parallel and communicate asynchronously, which is well-suited to the development of computer-based, multi-agent systems for operations. This A-team based approach, although it is still in the beginning stage, also has potential for handling other difficult power system problems.

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A Study on Implementation of SVG for ENC Applications (전자해도 활용을 위한 SVG 변환 연구)

  • Oh, Se-Woong;Park, Jong-Min;Suh, Sang-Hyun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • v.1
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    • pp.133-138
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    • 2006
  • Electronic Navigational Charts(ENCs) are official nautical charts which are equivalent to paper charts with supplementary information. Although their main purpose is to be used for the safe navigation of ships, they also contain much information on coasts and seas which may be interesting to ordinary people. However, there is no easy way to access them because of therir specialized data format, access method and visualization. This paper proposes on implementation of SVG for the access and services of ENCs. SVG(Scalable Vector Graphic) makes it possible to make use of Vector graphics for servicing maps in basic internet browsing environment. Implement of SVG for ENC applications by this research is free of special server side GIS mapping system and client side extra technology. The implementation of SVG for ENC Applications can be summarized as follows: Firstly, SVG provides spatial information to possess searching engine to embody SVG map. Secondly, SVG can provide high-quality vector map graphics and interactive facility without special Internet GIS system. It makes it possible to use services with very low cost. Thirdly, SVG information service targeting on maritime transportation can be used as template, so it can be used dynamically any other purpose such as traffic management and vessel monitoring. Many good characteristics of SVG in mapping at computer screen and reusability of SVG document provide new era of visualization of marine geographic information.

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Design of an SpO2 Transmission Agent based on ISO/IEEE 11073 Standard Protocol (ISO/IEEE 11073 표준 프로토콜 기반의 산소포화도 전송 에이전트 설계)

  • Pak, Ju-Geon;Im, Sung-Hyun;Park, Kee-Hyun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2011.10a
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    • pp.462-465
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    • 2011
  • A pulse oximeter is a device which provides non-invasive estimate of percentage oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO2). Due to the limitations of resources of personal health devices (PHDs) including pulse oximeters, they generally transmit the estimated data to a remote monitoring server through a close manager (e.g. mobile device or PC). Therefore, communication protocols between PHDs and a manager is an important research topic in terms of interoperability. In this paper, we present design results of an SpO2 transmission agent based on the ISO/IEEE 11073 (X73) protocol. The protocol is an international standard for PHDs. The agent is an embedded program which generates X73 messages from the estimated pulse rates and SpO2, and transmits the messages to a close manager. The agent consists of a Session, Message and Memory Handler. The Session Handler manages a communication session with the manager, and the Message Handler generates and analyzes the exchanged messages according to the X73 protocol. The Memory Handler extracts pulse rates and SpO2s which are stored in a memory of the pulse oximeter. The SpO2 transmission agent allows pulse oximeters to communicate with managers based on x73 standard. Consequently, the interoperability between the pulse oximeters and the managers is guaranteed.

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