• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2019

본 연구는 부산시 S대학교에서 장애학생도우미로 활동하고 있는 학생들이 도우미활동 수행 중에 무엇을 경험하며, 그 결과 도우미 역할을 어떻게 인지하고 있는지 이해하고자 12명을 대상으로 3개의 그룹의 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 실시한 질적 연구이다. 연구결과 1. 장애와 장애대학생도우미 역할의 이해 부족(준비되지 않은 채 수행하게 되는 장애도우미, 일회성 장애교육) 2. 장애대학생 도우미 활동의 어려움(감정적 일체감, 장애학생의 정서적 의존, 느껴지는 차별, 나의 이미지) 3.도우미로서의 나의 역할(일반적인 역할, 나만의 역할) 4. 장애학생 도우미 지원제도의 바램(선별의 체계화, 활동비 모니터링, 교육체계강화) 이라는 4개의 개념이 추출되었고 이 개념을 바탕으로 10개의 범주가 도출되었다. 이상의 내용을 바탕으로 장애학생도우미지원사업의 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2019

소프트웨어 노화에 따른 시스템의 예기치 않은 장애 발생은 재활 기능을 주기적으로 수행함으로써 줄일 수 있다. 이 시스템 재활 기능은 주로 시스템이 가장 한가한 시간에 수행하는 것이 효과적이다. 이를 통해 시스템 가용도를 높일 수 있다. 재활 기법은 크게 시간 기반과 조건 기반의 두 가지 종류로 나눌 수 있다. 시간 기반 재활은 정해진 시간 간격마다 수행되고, 조건 기반 재활은 시스템 상태가 특정 조건을 만족할 때 수행된다. 조건 기반 방식은 시스템 감시와 정보의 수집 및 통계적 분석을 통해 재활 시점을 추정해야하기 때문에 추가적인 비용이 발생한다. 본 논문은 시간 기반 소프트웨어 재활 기법을 분석할 수 있는 확률 모형을 제시한다. 제시한 모형은 재활을 주기적으로 수행하는 시간 간격을 일정하게 유지할 수 있는 현실적인 상황을 반영한다. 해당 확률 모형을 수학적으로 분석하여, 정상 상태에서의 시스템 가용도와 사용자 인지 가용도 및 이에 따른 비용을 분석한다.

• 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2018

Phthalate is an endocrine disruptor that interferes with homeostasis and developmental regulation. It is highly toxic to the environment and is associated with various diseases of the human body. Using biological samples from 140 adult subjects, to evaluate the influencing factors which are related to contaminant concentration levels, we used correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Lastly, in order to analyze the health effects related to exposure to phthalates, we conducted a risk assessment by estimating acceptable daily intake exposure according to the influential factors. When we compared the concentration level according to influential factors, in general, the subjects who had engaged in home remodeling work had higher urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations levels than the subjects who had not engaged in home remodeling work. We can confirm statistically significant differences in DBP metabolites. In addition, we can confirm the concentration appeared higher in the categories such as using air freshener, sofa and foods. Through conducting a risk assessment of DEHP, BBzP, DiBP, and DnBP by using data on phthalate metabolite concentration in urine, it was found that the average concentration of all metabolites did not exceed TDI.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2020

Wild pollinators provide important pollination services for crops. However, their geographical ranges and impact on pollination services have not been fully explored within the scope of Korean agricultural land. This study aims to identify spatial supply-demand mismatches across orchard fields in the context of assessing pollination service risk. We first used National Ecosystem Survey data and a species distribution model (MaxEnt) to develop the geographic range of each of 32 wild pollinators belonging to three families (Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera). We then summed the modeled presence probability of each species to obtain a measure of spatially explicit pollinator richness. This modeled richness, defined as pollination supply, was compared with the summed area of orchard fields at the municipal boundary level to identify areas with supply-demand mismatches. The study found that Lepidoptera showed the highest species richness (8.3±1.5), followed by Hymenoptera (4.3±0.8) and Diptera (3.5±0.8) species. Median orchard area was 1.5 ㎢ (range of 0-176.7 ㎢) among 250 municipal regions in South Korea. The municipal regions were divided into three categories (tertiles) of low, middle, and high pollination supply and demand according to, respectivley, average polliator richness and orhard area. Finally, we found that 55 municipal regions (accounting for 49% of national orchard land) potentially faced high risk of pollination deficits, 81 regions (48% of national orchard land) faced intermediate risk, and 63 regions faced low risk (3% of national orchard land). In conclusion, this study revealed significant mismatch between pollination supply and demand and developed risk assessment map will guide our future efforts on pollinator habitat conservation and monitoring to conserve crop pollination services.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2023

The swimming behavior of pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) in the offshore sea cage of the brass fishing net was observed and analyzed by imaging sonar techniques. The cultured fish spent most of the time swimming a circular path along the circular cage wall and continued to swim only clockwise direction without completely changing the swimming direction during the 23-hour observation time. In addition, changed swimming behaviors were divided into four categories: (a) the behavior of a large group temporarily swimming in the opposite (counter clockwise) direction, (b) the behavior of a small group temporarily swimming in a small circular path, (c) the behavior swimming small circular path in the center of the cage, and (d) the behavior of a large group swimming across the center of the cage. The maximum swimming speed of the cultured fish was from 3.5 to 3.8 TL/s, the mode was from 1.2 to 1.4 TL/s and the swimming speed during the day time was faster than at night time. It was confirmed the cultured fish swam not only on the surface but also near the bottom net of the cage during the day, but swam mainly at the upper part of the cage at night.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.108-121
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• 2024

Anastomotic leaks and fistulas are significant complications of gastric surgery that potentially lead to increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Surgical intervention is reserved for cases with severe symptoms or hemodynamic instability; however, surgery carries a higher risk of complications. With advancements in endoscopic treatment options, endoscopic approaches have emerged as the primary choice for managing these complications. Endoscopic clipping is a traditional method comprising 2 main categories: through-the-scope clips and over-the-scope clips. Through-the-scope clips are user friendly and adaptable to various clinical scenarios, whereas over-the-scope clips can close larger defects. Another promising approach is endoscopic stent insertion, which has shown a high success rate for leak closure, although vigilant monitoring is required to monitor stent migration. Infection control is essential in post-surgical leakage cases, and endoscopic internal drainage provides a relatively safe and noninvasive means to manage fluids, contributing to infection control and wound healing promotion. Endoscopic suturing offers full-thickness wound closure, but requires additional training and endoscopic versatility. As a promising tool, endoscopic vacuum therapy potentially surpasses stent therapy by draining inflammatory materials and closing defects. Furthermore, the use of tissue sealants, such as fibrin glue and cyanoacrylate, has been reported to be effective in selected situations. The choice of endoscopic device should be tailored to individual cases and specific patient conditions, with careful consideration of the nature of the defect. Further extensive studies involving larger patient populations are required to provide more robust evidence on the efficacy of endoscopic approach in managing post-gastric anastomotic leaks.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2008

'06년-'7년 시중 유통되는 가공식품과 단체급식의 메뉴를 대상으로 과잉 섭취 시 위해 가능한 영양성분의 하나인 당 함량 실태 조사를 한 결과 사탕류, 캐러멜류 및 젤리류에서 31.7-71.1%로 가장 높게 나타났고, 특히 학교주변 문방구등에서 판매되는 저가의 어린이 기호식품의 경우 대부분 당 함량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 단체급식에서 제공되는 반찬 중 찜류 및 볶음류, 조림류에서 물엿이나 설탕을 첨가하는 경우 29.6-49.2%로 어린이 기호식품과 유사한 수준의 당을 함유하고 있었다. 가공식품 및 단체급식 메뉴를 통한 당 섭취를 줄이기 위해서는 산업체나 단체급식 시설에서의 설탕이나 물엿과 같은 단맛 성분의 사용을 최소화하고 급식에 대한 영양표시제 활성화가 필요하며, 소비자들은 제품을 선택할 때 영양성분표시를 확인하여 당 함량이 적은제품을 선택하고, 섭취 시에도 가급적 1회 제공량 범위를 넘지않도록 해야 할 것이다. 본 연구 결과를 기초로 지속적인 실태조사를 통하여 가공식품 및 음식의 당 함량 데이터베이스 및 원료성 식품에 대한 데이터베이스를 구축한다면 소비자들에게 올바른 영양정보를 제공하고 당 저감화를 추진하는 등 어린이 먹거리의 영양 안전성을 확보하게 될 것이다.

• 지질공학
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.697-723
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• 2022

본연구에서는 제주도의 중제주 수역 내에 위치하는 총 12개 지하수 관정에서 미래 30일 기간의 지하수위를 예측할 수 있는 모델을 개발하였다. 예측 모델개발을 위해 시계열 예측에 적합한 딥러닝 기법의 하나인 누적 장단기 메모리(stacked-LSTM) 기법을 이용하였으며, 2001년에서 2022년 동안 관측된 일 단위 강수량, 지하수 이용량 및 지하수위 자료가 예측 모델개발에 활용되었다. 특히, 본 연구에서는 입력자료의 종류 및 과거 자료의 순차 길이에 따라 다양한 모델을 구축하고 성능을 비교함으로써 딥러닝 기반 예측 모델개발에서 고려하여야 할 사항에 대한 검토와 절차를 제시하였다. 예측 모델개발 결과, 강수량, 지하수 이용량 및 과거 지하수위를 모두 입력자료로 활용하는 모델의 예측성능이 가장 뛰어난 것으로 확인되었으며, 입력으로 활용되는 과거 자료의 순차가 길수록 예측의 성능이 향상됨을 확인하였다. 이는 제주도의 깊은 지하수위 심도로 인하여 강수와 지하수 함양 간 지연시간이 길기 때문으로 판단된다. 이뿐만 아니라, 지하수 이용량 자료의 경우, 모든 이용량 자료를 활용하는 것보다 예측하고자 하는 지점의 지하수위에 민감한 영향을 주는 관정을 선별하여 입력자료로 이용하는 것이 예측 모델의 성능 개선에 긍정적 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 지하수위 예측 모델은 현재의 강수량 및 지하수 이용량을 기반으로 미래의 지하수위를 예측할 수 있어 미래의 지하수량에 대한 건전성 정보를 제공함에 따라 적정 지하수량 유지를 위한 다양한 관리방안 마련에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2003

This study is a descriptive investigation into the image of nurses, and attempted to help to advance the profession of nursing and to provide basic data for developing strategies to improve the image of nurses. The Subject of this study was a group of 380 persons from a K Medical Centre in Seoul, including the hospital patients and their guardians, as well as the doctors, assistants and hospital administrative staff. The data have been collected from the 10th to the 30th of May, 2003. We have developed a research tool of 40 questions divided into three categories using a tool developed by Kim, H.J and KIm, H.O.(2001) verifying its construct validity. The reliability of the tool was Cronbache's ${\alpha}=.97$, and by categories, Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.86$ for service image, Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.96$ for professional image and Cronbache's ${\alpha}=.90$ for social image. The collected data have been analysed according to the purpose of this study using SPSS WIN 11.0 for real number, percentage, factors analysis, multiple regression analysis, ANOVA and $x^2$-test, and the results are as follows: 1) There was a significant difference in the image of nurses by job series of the subjects; from patients and guardians for 4.01 to doctors 3.62, assistants 3.54 and staff members 3.41 (F=36.14, p=.000). As well, there was a significant difference in service, professional and social image categories according to the position of the subjects ($F=20.36{\sim}42.35$, p=.000). 2) The main factors that affect on formation the nurse's imaging came by direct experiences with nurses at hospitals for 81.3%, by looking at the every life of the nurses that the subjects personally know for 15.5%, by mass media for 1.6% and by the accounts from the others for 1.6%. 3) 78.4% of the subjects considered that the image of nurses on mass media is described better than for real, 8.2% believed that the image is described worse than for real, and only 13.2% of the subjects perceived that the image of nurses on mass media corresponds the image of nurses in actual life. 4) 74.5% of the subjects said that they got a better image of nurses after their hospitalization while 2% got a worse one and 23.5% said to have had no changes, and the period of hospitalization had no relevance to the image of nurses (X2=5.04, P=.489). However, while 16.8% of the subjects who spent less than one week in hospital said that they got a better image of nurses, 27.5% of those who spent longer than four weeks got a better image of nurses. 5) There was a significant difference in the total image points of nurses by the patients and their guardians according to the period of hospitalization; 4.14 for 1 to 2 weeks, 4.07 for 2 to 4 weeks, 4.02 for 4 weeks and longer and 3.80 for less than a week (F=3.40, P=.019). Upon the results stated above, I should like to propose as below: 1) An investigative enquiry is needed to improve the image of nurses as though being a nurse is very hard and difficult. 2) A continuous monitoring in mass media is needed to create a positive image of nurses.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.709-728
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• 1995

The job related activities of sixty nine nurses, working in the emergency rooms of three university hospitals, were analyzed for six days according to preestablished checklist of nursing activities ; the frequency of these activities and the amount of time spent in each specific nursing activity. The established checklist was monitored every five minutes for the duration of the duty autu, thus producing 414 items of data. The data were not gathered on consecutive days but over the period of one month from May 6, 1994 to June 5, 1994. The following conclusions are derived from analysis of the data : 1. Twelve categories of nursing activities were obtained : The primary activity was communication related to the patient and all information pertaining to the patient. Other activities included maintaining the patient's record, observation and assessment of the patient, cooperation with other medical personnel, management of equipment and drugs, procedure and treatment, specimen collection, consultation and education for the patient, including drug management and personal hygiene and any other relevant education to the patient's condition. 2. The average frequency of categorized nursing activity can be classified as follows : communication related to patient was the highest at 17.6 times. The next was maintaining the patient's record at 17.3 times. The observation and assessment occurred 16.9 times. Consultation and education for patients and family, 8 times, medication, 5.7 times, and procedures and treatments, 6 times. 3. The average time required for each activity was as follows : 230.1 minutes (or maintaining the patient's record, 204.9 minutes for communication related to the patient, 199.2 minutes for observation and assessment, 71.2 minutes for medication, 66 minutes for consultation and education of the patient and family, and 51.8 minutes for procedures and treatment. 4. The most demanding nursing activity in the emergency room for the nurse was answering questions from the patient's family, maintaining communication between the medical staff, maintaining and reviewing the patient's charts, writing prescriptions and monitoring 1. V. infusion rates. 5. The most time consuming nursing activities for the emergency room nurse include maintaining and following the patient's charts, communication between the medical staff, answering questions from the patient's family, observation of the patient and relaying all of the appropriate patient information to the incoming nurses during a shift change. 6. The F-test was administered to measure the required time for the categorized nursing activities according to day, evening, and night-shift nurses. There were significant differences (p<.05) in specimen collection, observation and assessment, cooperation between medical staffs, personal hygiene, communication related to patient, education and re-search. Posterior multiple comparison test showed that specimen collection, cooperation between medical staffs and personal hygiene were mostly done by the evening-shift nurses. Also most observations and assessments were done by the night-shift nurses. Education and communication to patients were done by day-shift nurses. Thus there were significant difference between shifts for the main nursing activities. So there should considev a reallocation of the duty of nurses on each shift. 7. The F-test also indicated that there wes a similarity in time duration for procedures and treatments and for cooperation between medical staff and nurses in all three hospitals. However, the remaining categories of nursing activities also showed a significant difference between the three hospitals. This indicated that there were differences in each emergency room that influence time for each categorized nursing activities and this should be given more consideration. Recommendations : 1. A seasonal difference should be considered in the activities of nurses in the emergency room and a comparative analysis should be carried out to deter-mine seasonal differentiation. 2. A study on more objectively measurable nursing activities should be administered as well as one determining the subjective responds towards nursing activities in the emergency room.