• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.65-74
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the monitoring efficiency of camera trapping in wild animals and to determine ways to increase its utilization. Nineteen sensor cameras were installed in Sobaeksan National Park from October 2012 to September 2013. During the study period, a total of 1045 terrestrial mammal photos were secured and 15 species habitats were identified. Shooting frequency was higher for medium and large mammals, especially full images of carnivores accounted for approximately 83%. A comparison of track surveys revealed that camera trapping was highly efficient and helped in capturing real image of species. The supply of lure and bait stimulates the sense of smell in carnivores, which further enhances the capturing of images by camera trapping. The results of this study provide data on the ecological characteristics of mammals, which can aid in determining habitat use by these animals, and thereby facilitate prevention of crop damage by wildlife.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2008

In this study, we analyzed how ozone pollution could be differently measured and how these different measures varied year to year and across the ten most populated cities in the United States, from 1980 to 2000. Although peak values of ozone concentration have been significantly reduced in most polluted U.S. cities for the last 20 years, the annual average values of ozone concentration have not been lowered as much as peak values. Ozone concentration data for each city shows a unique pattern of distribution, central tendency, and also there is a wide variation among different ozone measures. Two different cities with the same annual mean concentration of ozone can experience very different distributions of ozone concentration within a year. Ozone measures also show a wide margin of variability as they are estimated from different ozone monitoring sites within each city. Ozone pollution statistics can be largely varied depending on the choice of measures, monitoring sites, and averaging time period. EPA's new ozone standard of 0.08 ppm averaged over an eight-hour appears to be more stringent than the current maximum ozone standard of 0.12 ppm averaged over one hour.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.487-504
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• 2012

This study was to analyze the research trend related to mathematics education evaluation in the analysis of the articles on , . The study explores the future direction of mathematics education assessment research by investigating whether such evaluation was suitable for the expectation about the assessment required in the current mathematics curriculum. This study was to classify the evaluation-related researches based on Korea educational curriculum revision from 1991-2010 to examine the research trend on the mathematics education evaluation in each season in Korea, analyze the articles by 'monitoring of student's progress', 'judgement on instruction', 'giving the value on mathematics achievement of students', 'value judgement of the program' that were the purpose of evaluation presented in 1995 NCTM(National Council of Teachers of Mathematics). As a result, looking at the research trend classified by the time of the educational curriculum revision, the 7th educational curriculum had the most number of the papers announced from 1997-2006. Despite 2007 educational curriculum revision was the short period from announced 2007-2008 before the next educational curriculum was placed, 11 papers(34.4%) were published. According to the category by the purpose of the assessment prescribed in NCTM, it showed that researches of 'monitoring of student's progress(46.9%)' were the most, those of 'value judgement of the program' and 'giving the value on mathematics achievement of students had a similar percentage.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the effect of shift work on diurnal blood pressure (BP) pattern in nurses. Method: We studied 20 healthy nurses engaged in 3 shift work. 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring was performed to each nurse two times during the day and night shift. Five nurses were excluded because of inadequate BP measurement. Results: All subjects were female. The mean age was 27.4 years (range: 23-33 years) and mean body mass index was 19.7 Kg/$m^2$ (range: 18.0-21.2 Kg/$m^2$). The changes of systolic BP ($17.8{\pm}9.1$ vs. $13.2{\pm}4.7%$, p=0.031), diastolic BP ($22.3{\pm}8.7$ vs. $17.3{\pm}9.0%$, p=0.061), and heart rate ($25.2{\pm}5.2$ vs. $12.5{\pm}8.7%$, p=0.001) during the sleeping period were decreased after a night shift compared with day shift. The non-dipper group significantly increased from 20% to 40% after a night shift (p=0.018). Conclusion: Working night shift is significantly associated with non-dipper status in nurses.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.753-758
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• 2020

In this paper, we intend to develop a control system that can apply the developed vertical stirring heater to the facility house and control the other facilities (circulating fan, ventilation fan, window using a switching motor, ceiling, and dehumidification). Through this, it is intended to increase the cultivation efficiency of crops and improve storage environment of crops held by non-heated storage or storage warehouses to increase the storage period and freshness. In addition, ICT monitoring technology is added to enable users to easily solve problems when there is a problem due to changes in the cultivation and storage environment with Real Time Control (RTC).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.107-115
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• 2010

This study was surveyed to identify changes of flora during three years after restoration in Cheonggyecheon stream. There are four sections in Cheonggyecheon. One and two sections are upper streams and three and four sections are down streams. It was surveyed 328 species in 2006. In 2007 and 2008, 446 and 444 species were found, respectively. This result shows that Cheonggyecheon is unstable initial condition in restored stream ecosystem. Naturalized species were 58 species in 2006 and it was respectively 61 and 63 species in 2007 and 2008. Hazard species of ecosystem were three common species during survey period. In appearance of flora per section, three and four sections constituted by natural sites such as point bars, wide flood plains, riffles and ponds, marshes, etc. were surveyed more species than one and two constructed by concrete materials and narrow flow channel. Recently, as time goes by, introduced species are being increased. And succession has mainly been progressed by one year or binary herbs and perennial herbs. Compared with other restored streams, Cheonggyecheon showed more flora than Yangjaecheon and Anyangcheon. It is judged owing to length of surveyed site, various planted species and area of inhabitation space. To manage restored stream ecosystem, monitoring is essential. Further, because change of vegetation after restoration in Cheonggyecheon is very important, continuous monitoring about Flora and Naturalized species and Hazard species of ecosystem is also very important.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2020

As the elderly population is becoming an aging society, the elderly are experiencing many problems. Social security costs for the elderly are increasing and the un-linked social phenomenon is emerging. Thus, the social infrastructure and welfare system established in the past economic growth period are in danger of not functioning properly. People socially isolated or with chronic diseases among the elderly are exposed to various accidents. Thus, an active healthcare management service is imperative. Additionally, in the event of a dangerous situation, the system must have ways to notify guardians (family or medical personnel) regarding appropriate action. Thus, in this paper, we propose the smartphone-based healthcare and emergency response service platform. The proposed service platform aggregates movement of relevant data in real-time using a smartphone. Based on aggregated data, it will always recognize the user's movements and current state using the human motion recognition mechanism. Thus, the proposed service platform provides real-time status monitoring, activity reports, a health calendar, location-based hospital information, emergency situation detection, and cloud messaging server-based efficient notification to several subscribers such as family, guardians, and medical personnel. Through this service, users or guardians can augment the level of care for the elderly through the reports. Also, if an emergency situation is detected, the system immediately informs guardians so as to minimize the risk through immediate response.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.102-106
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• 2005

As long as the effective contributions of satellite images in the continuous monitoring of the wide area and long range of time period, Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+ satellite images are surveyed. After quantization and classification of the deviations between TM and ETM+ images based on approved thresholds such as gains and biases or offsets, a correlation analysis method for the compared calibration is suggested in this paper. Four time points of raster data for 15 years of the highest group of land surface temperature and the lowest group of vegetation of the Kunsan city Chollabuk_do Korea located beneath the Yellow sea coast, are observed and analyzed their correlations for the change detection of urban land cover. This experiment based on proposed algorithm detected strong and proportional correlation relationship between the highest group of land surface temperature and the lowest group of vegetation index which exceeded R=(+)0.9478, so the proposed Correlation Analysis Model between the highest group of land surface temperature and the lowest group of vegetation index will be able to give proof an effective suitability to the land cover change detection and monitoring.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2016

With the increasing need for high temporal resolution satellite imagery for monitoring land surfaces, this study evaluated the temporal resolution of the NDVI composites from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) data. The GOCI is the first geostationary satellite sensor designed to provide continuous images over a $2,500{\times}2,500km^2$ area of the northeast Asian region with relatively high spatial resolution of 500 m. We used total 2,944 hourly images of the GOCI level 1B radiance data obtained during the one-year period from April 2011 to March 2012. A daily NDVI composite was produced by maximum value compositing of eight hourly images captured during day-time. Further NDVI composites were created with different compositing periods ranging from two to five days. The cloud coverage of each composite was estimated by the cloud detection method developed in study and then compared with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua cloud product and 16-day NDVI composite. The GOCI NDVI composites showed much higher temporal resolution with less cloud coverage than the MODIS NDVI products. The average of cloud coverage for the five-day GOCI composites during the one year was only 2.5%, which is a significant improvement compared to the 8.9%~19.3% cloud coverage in the MODIS 16-day NDVI composites.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.72 no.2
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• pp.275-291
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• 2019

In a super-large underground with "large span and high side wall", it is buried in mountains with uneven lithology, complicated geostress field and developed geological structure. These surrounding rocks are more susceptible to stability issues during the construction period. This paper takes the left bank of Baihetan hydropower station (span is 34m) as a case study example, wherein the deformation mechanism of surrounding rock appears prominent. Through analysis of geological, geophysical, construction and monitoring data, the deformation characteristics and factors are concluded. The failure mechanism, spatial distribution characteristics, and evolution mechanism are also discussed, where rock mechanics theory, $FLAC^{3D}$ numerical simulation, rock creep theory, and the theory of center point are combined. In general, huge underground cavern stability issues has arisen with respect to huge-scale and adverse geological conditions since settling these issues will have milestone significance based on the evolutionary pattern of the surrounding rock and the correlation analyses, the rational structure of the factors, and the method of nonlinear regression modeling with regard to the construction and development of hydropower engineering projects among the worldwide.