• Computers and Concrete
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.321-335
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• 2015

To be able to understand the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) members, cross sectional behavior should be known well. Cross sectional behavior can be best evaluated by moment-curvature relationship. On a reinforced concrete cross section moment-curvature relationship can be best determined by both experimentally or numerically with some complicated iteration methods. Making these experiments or iterations manually is very difficult and not practical. The aim of this study is to research the efficiency of Neural Networks (NN) as a more secure and robust method to obtain the moment-curvature relationship of circular RC columns. It is demonstrated that the NN based model is highly successful to determine the moment-curvature relationship of circular reinforced concrete columns.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.309-324
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• 2005

The moment-curvature relationship of reinforced concrete beams made of normal- and high-strength concrete experiencing complex load history is studied using a numerical method that employs the actual stress-strain curves of the constitutive materials and takes into account the stress-path dependence of the concrete and steel reinforcement. The load history considered includes loading, unloading and reloading. From the results obtained, it is found that the complete moment-curvature relationship, which is also path-dependent, is similar to the material stress-strain relationship with stress-path dependence. However, the unloading part of the moment-curvature relationship of the beam section is elastic but not perfectly linear, although the unloading of both concrete and steel is assumed to be linearly elastic. It is also observed that when unloading happens, the variation of neutral axis depth has different trends for under- and over-reinforced sections. Moreover, even when the section is fully unloaded, there are still residual curvature and stress in the section in some circumstances. Various issues related to the post-peak behavior of reinforced concrete beams are also discussed.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.190-197
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• 2000

A moment-curvature relationship to simulate the behavior of reinforced concrete beam under cyclic loading is introduced. Unlike previous moment-curvature models and the layered section approach, the proposed model takes into consideration the bond-slip effect by using monotonic moment-curvature relationship constructed on the basis of the bond-slip relation and corresponding equilibrium equation at each nodal point. In addition, the use of curved unloading and reloading branches inferred from the stress-strain relation of steel gives more exact numerical result. The advantages of the proposed model, comparing to layered section approach, may be on the reduction in calculation time and memory space in case of its application to large structures. The modification of the moment-curvature relation to reflect the fixed-end rotation and pinching effect is also introduced. Finally, correlation studies between analytical results and experimental studies are conducted to establish the validity of the proposed model.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.495-514
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• 2008

In this paper, experimental and theoretical investigations of the effect of the mean moment on the response and collapse of circular thin-walled tubes subjected to cyclic bending are discussed. To highlight the influence of the mean moment effect, three different moment ratios r (minimum moment/ maximum moment) of -1, -0.5 and 0, respectively, were experimentally investigated. It has been found that the moment-curvature loop gradually shrinks with the number of cycles, and becomes stable after a few cycles for symmetric cyclic bending (r = -1). However, the moment-curvature loop exhibits ratcheting and increases with the number of cycles for unsymmetric cyclic bending (r = -0.5 or 0). In addition, although the three groups of tested specimens had three different moment ratios, when plotted in a log-log scale, three parallel straight lines describe the relationship between the controlled moment range and the number of cycles necessary to produce buckling. Finally, the endochronic theory combined with the principle of virtual work was used to simulate the relationship among the moment, curvature and ovalization of thin-walled tubes under cyclic bending. An empirical formulation was proposed for simulating the relationship between the moment range and the number of cycles necessary to produce buckling for thin-walled tubes subjected to cyclic bending with different moment ratios. The results of the experimental investigation and the simulation are in good agreement with each other.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.3-11
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• 2002

A moment-curvature relationship to simulate the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns under cyclic loading is introduced. Unlike previous moment-curvature models and the layered section approach, the unposed model takes into account the bond-slip effect by using a monotonic moment-curvature relationship constructed on the basis of the bond-slip relation and corresponding equilibrium equation at each nodal point. In addition, the use of curved unloading and reloading branches inferred from the stress-strain relation of steel gives more exact numerical result. The pinching enact caused by axial force is considered with an assumption that the absorbing energy corresponding to any deformation level maintains constant regardless of the magnitude of applied axial force. The advantages of the proposed model, comparing tn layered section approach, may be on the reduction in calculation time and memory space in case of its application to large structures.. Finally, correlation studies between analytical results and experimental studies are conducted to establish the validity of the proposed mood.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2016

이 연구에서는 철근콘크리트(reinforced concrete, RC) 기둥의 휨 거동을 비교적 간단한 방법으로 평가하기 위해서 모멘트-곡률 관계를 단순화하였다. RC 기둥에서 주철근 배근을 이상화하고 힘의 평형조건 및 변형률 적합조건에 기반하여 초기 휨 균열 발생, 인장철근 항복 도달, 최대 내력 및 최대 내력 도달 후 최대 내력의 80% 시점에서의 내력과 중립축 깊이를 산정하였다. 기둥의 최대 내력 이후의 콘크리트 압축연단 변형률은 Kim et al의 구속된 콘크리트 응력-변형률 관계를 이용하여 산정하였다. 단순화된 모멘트-곡률 관계로부터 환산된 기둥의 횡하중-횡변위 관계는 다양한 변수하에서 수행한 기둥 실험결과와 잘 일치하였다. 고려된 각 단계에서의 모멘트와 중립축 깊이는 주철근 지수, 횡보강근 체적지수 및 축력 지수의 함수로 모델링하였다. 결국, 기둥의 곡률 연성은 콘크리트 압축강도 및 주철근과 횡보강근의 양과 함께 작용 축하중비에 중요한 영향을 받았다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2018

The seismic vulnerability analysis of multi-span bridges can be based on the response of the piers, provided that deck, bearings and foundations remain elastic. The lateral response of an RC bridge pier can be affected by different mechanisms (i.e., flexure, shear, lap-splice or buckling of the longitudinal reinforcement bars, second order effects). In the literature, simplified formulations are available for mechanisms different from the flexure. On the other hand, the flexural response is usually calculated with a numerically-based Moment-Curvature diagram of the base section and equivalent plastic hinge length. The goal of this paper is to propose a simplified analytical solution to obtain the Moment-Curvature relationship for hollow circular RC sections. This based on calibrated polynomials, fitted against a database comprising 720 numerical Moment-Curvature analyses. The section capacity curve is defined through the position of 6 characteristic points and they are based on four input parameters: void ratio of the hollow section, axial force ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, transversal reinforcement ratio. A case study RC bridge pier is assessed with the proposed solution and the results are compared to a refined numerical FEM analysis, showing good match.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1991년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.81-85
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• 1991

The object of this study is to propose the bending moment-curvature relationships based on the bond properties between concrete and steel for noncraking zone, and evaluate the flexural displacement of reinforced concrete members. The bond-slip relationship and the strain hardening effect of steel were taken into account in order to evaluate the spacing of the cracks and the curvature distribution. Calculated curvature distribution along the longitudinal axis was transformed into equivalent curvature distribution. The flexural displacement was calculated by means of double intergral of the equivalent curvature. Calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental data.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.387-404
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• 2016

In this paper, the response and failure of sharp-notched 6061-T6 aluminum alloy circular tubes with five different notch depths of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 mm subjected to cyclic bending were experimentally and theoretically investigated. The experimental moment-curvature relationship exhibits an almost steady loop from the beginning of the first cycle. And, the notch depth has almost no influence on its relationship. However, the ovalization-curvature relationship exhibits a symmetrical, increasing, and ratcheting behavior as the number of cycles increases. In addition, a higher notch depth of a tube leads to a more severe unsymmetrical trend of the ovalization-curvature relationship. Focusing on the aforementioned relationships, the finite element software ANSYS was used to continue the related theoretical simulation. Furthermore, the five groups of tubes tested have different notch depths, from which five unparallel straight lines can be observed from the relationship between the controlled curvature and the number of cycles required to produce failure in the log-log scale. Finally, a failure model was proposed to simulate the aforementioned relationship. Through comparison with the experimental data, the proposed model can properly simulate the experimental data.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 순수 휨을 받는 중공 원형강관, 내부에 경량기포콘크리트 및 보통콘크리트를 충전한 원형강관 부재에 대하여 강재의 압축부에 대한 좌굴특성을 고려하고, 충전된 콘크리트의 삼축압축응력 발생에 따른 강도증가 현상을 고려하여 모멘트-곡률 관계를 계산하였다. 경량기포콘크리트를 충전하더라도 해석적으로 간편하게 모멘트-곡률 관계를 계산할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였으며, 보통콘크리트를 충전한 경우에는 해석값이 실험값에 근접한 결과를 추정함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 기존의 실험결과를 이용하여 본 연구에서 개발된 모멘트-곡률 관계 해석방법의 유효성을 검증하였다.