• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.591-609
• /
• 2023

In some buildings, the lateral structural response of steel framed buildings depends on the shear walls and it is very important to study the behavior of these elements under near-field seismic loads. The link beam in the opening of the shear wall between two wall plates is investigated numerically in terms of behavior and effects on frames. Based on the length of the beam and its bending and shear behavior, three types of models are constructed and analyzed, and the behavior of the frames is also compared. The results show that by reducing the length of the link beam, the base shear forces reduce about 20%. The changes in the length of the link beam have different effects on the degree of coupling. Increasing the length of the link beam increases the base shear about 15%. Also, it has both, a positive and a negative effect on the degree of coupling. The increasing strength of the coupling steel shear wall is linearly related to the yield stress of the beam materials, length, and flexural stiffness of the beam. The use of a shorter link beam will increase the additional strength and consequently improving the behavior of the coupling steel shear wall by reducing the stresses in this element. The link beam with large moment of inertia will also increase about 25% the additional strength and as a result the coefficient of behavior of the shear wall.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 1991

Concentrically braced frames are limited in their ability to absorb energy during an earthquake However by placing the bracing members eccentric to the beam column joints, an energy absorbing link unit is produced. The energy is absorbed by the link and / or columns deforming inelastically. Three models of a multistorey structure were analyzed using DRAIN-2D computer program .Three link lengths were used in the analyses, 7, 11 and 15 inches. The yield patterns are produced. However it is interesting to note the relative valuses of force and moment obtained.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2023

The column-tree type steel beam-column connections are commonly used in East Asian countries, including Korea. The welding detail between the stub beam and column is similar to the WUF-W connection; thus, it can be expected to have sufficient seismic performance. However, previous experimental studies indicate that premature slip occurs at the friction joints between the stub and link beams. In this study, for the accurate seismic performance evaluation of column-tree type moment connections, a moment-slip model was proposed by investigating the previous test results. As a result, it was found that the initial slip occurred at about 25% of the design slip moment strength, and the amount of slip was about 0.15%. Also, by comparing the analysis results from models with and without the slip element, the influence of slip on the performance of overall beam-column connections was examined. As the panel zone became weaker, the contribution of slip on overall deformation became greater, and the shear demand for the panel zone was reduced.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.323-342
• /
• 2013

In the case of seismic-resistant composite dual moment resisting and eccentrically braced frames, the current design practice is to avoid the disposition of shear connectors in the expected plastic zones, and consequently to consider a symmetric moment or shear plastic hinges, which occur only in the steel beam or link. Even without connectors, the real behavior of the hinge may be different from the symmetric assumption since the reinforced concrete slab is connected to the steel element close to the hinge locations, and also due to contact friction between the concrete slab and the steel element. At a larger level, the structural response in the case of important seismic motions depends directly on the elasto-plastic behavior of elements and hinges. The numerical investigation presented in this study summarizes the results of elasto-plastic analyses of several steel frames, considering the interaction of the steel beam with the concrete slab. Several parameters, such as the inter-story drift, plastic rotation requirements and behavior factors q were monitored. In order to obtain accurate results, adequate models of plastic hinges are proposed for both the composite short link and composite reduced beam sections.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.87 no.4
• /
• pp.391-403
• /
• 2023

In this study, a new type of self-centering beam-column joint with tapered steel plate links is proposed. Firstly, mechanical property of the basic joint (with the prestressed steel strands only, to provide the self-centering ability) and the combined joint (with both the prestressed steel strands and tapered steel plate links, to provide self-centering and energy dissipation simultaneously) is theoretically analyzed. Then, three joints with different dimensions and combinations of tapered plate links are designed and tested through a series of quasi-static cyclic loading tests. Test results show that a nearly bilinear elastic moment-rotation relationship for the basic joint is obtained. With the addition of tapered steel plate links, typical flag-shape hysteretic curves are obtained, which indicates good self-centering and energy dissipating ability of the combined joint. By installing multiple tapered plate links, stiffness and bearing capacity of the beam-column joint can be enhanced. The theoretical moment-rotation relationships agree well with the test results. A simplified macro model of the proposed joint is developed using OpenSees, which simulates reasonably well its hysteretic behavior.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.261-269
• /
• 2003

The length of the links in an eccentrically braced frame will dictate the behavior of the frame. Link length controls the yielding mechanism and the ultimate failure mode. For short links, the links' shear forces reach the plastic shear capacity before the end moments reach the plastic moment capacity, and the links yields in the shear, forming a shear hinges. These links are termed "shear links." For long links, the end moments reach the plastic moment capacity before the links' shear forces reach the plastic shear capacity, forming moment hinges. These links are termed moment links." In long links, flexural yielding dominates the response, and very high bending strains are required at the link ends to produce large link deformations. In a shear links, the shear force is constant along the length of the links, and the inelastic shear strain are is uniformly distributed over the length of the links. This permits the development of large inelastic link deformations without the development of excessively high local strains. However, The use of eccentrically braced steel frames for the purpose of architectural cionsiderations such as openings and doors, areis dictating the use of longer links, though. Little data areis available on the behavior of long links under cyclic loading conditions. In This paper documents the results of an experimental program is that was conducted to assess the response of moment links in eccentrically braced frames. Sixteen specimens awere tested using a cyclic load.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.353-362
• /
• 2015

Cyclic loading tests for the PC moment frame with plastic shear hinges were performed to evaluate the seismic performance. The plastic shear hinges consisted of two steel plates were installed at the mid-length of the beam to connect the PC frames. Three shear links are existed in each steel plate. The three shear links were designed using shear force corresponding to the shear capacity of 50%, 75%, and 100% of the beam shear capacity. The proposed connections showed an efficient energy dissipation capacity and good structural performance. As a result, it is reasonable to design the plastic shear hinges using design shear capacity less than 100% of the beam shear capacity.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.299-322
• /
• 2013

In the case of seismic-resistant composite dual moment resisting and eccentrically braced frames, the current design practice is to avoid the disposition of shear connectors in the expected plastic zones, and consequently to consider a symmetric moment or shear plastic hinges, which occur only in the steel beam or link. Even without connectors, the real behaviour of the hinge may be different from the symmetric assumption, since the reinforced concrete slab is connected to the steel element close to the hinge locations, and also due to contact friction between the concrete slab and the steel element. The paper presents the results and conclusions of experimental tests on composite portal eccentrically braced frames and beam-to-column moment-resisting joints, carried out within the CEMSIG Research Centre of the Politehnica University of Timisoara, in order to check the validity of the assumption stated above. Reference steel and composite specimens with and without connectors in the plastic zones have been tested under monotonic and cyclic seismic type loading.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 1995.04a
• /
• pp.339-344
• /
• 1995

In the design of ductile moment-resisting frames (DMRFs) following the strong column-weak beam dsign philosophy, it is desirable that the joint and column remain essentially elastic in order to insure proper energy dissipation and lateral stability of the structure. The joint has been identified as the "weak link" in DMRFs because any stiffness or strength deterioration in this region can lead to substantial drifts and the possibility of collapse due to P-delta effects. Moreover, the engineer is faced with the difficult task of detailing an element whose size is determined by the framing members, but which must resist a set of loads very different from those used in the design of the beams and columns. Four 2/3-scale beam-column-slab joint assemblies were designed according to existing code requirements of ACI 318-89, representing interior joints of DMRFs with reinforced high strength concrete. The influence on aseismic behavior of beam-column joints due to monolithic slab, has been investigated.estigated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 1999.04a
• /
• pp.399-404
• /
• 1999

An improved finite element modeling technique is proposed for the assessment of load carrying capacity partilly prestressed concrete beam bridges. Based on the finite element method of analysis, shell and frame elements are utilized to model the slab and beams of the superstructure, respectively. In the modeling of superstructure, the emphasis is placed on the use of rigid link between the middle surface of slab and mid-plane of beam. This paper also includes the comparision of three different equations that used in the calculation of effective moment of inertia for the partially prestressed concrete beams. Numerical analysis is performed for the unstrengthened and strengthened bridges. The obtained results are compared with those of load test for a prototype bridge. Agreement with the numerical solutions by using the proposed method and load test results is generally excellent.