• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.697-706
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• 2005

We review the evolution of electrochemical studies of conducting polymers into the current state-of-the-art based primarily on our work. While conventional electrochemical experiments sufficed for the needs in the phase of studies of both electrochemical synthesis and characterization of conducting polymers, developments of various new experimental techniques have led to their introduction to this field for more refined information. As a result, the conventional electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, impedance, and morphological as well as electrical characterization studies all made important contributions to a better understanding of the polymerization mechanisms and the conductive properties of these classes of polymers. From this review, we hereby expect that the electrochemical techniques will continue to play important roles in bringing this field to the practical applications such as nanoscale electronic devices.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2009

The phylogeny of the family Tephritidae (Diptera: Tephritidae) was reconstructed from mitochondrial 12S, 16S, and COII gene fragments using 87 species, including 79 tephritid and 8 outgroup species. Minimum evolution and Bayesian trees suggested the following phylogenetic relationships: (1) A sister group relationship between Ortalotrypeta and Tachinisca, and their basal phylogenetic position within Tephritidae; (2) a sister group relationship between the tribe Acanthonevrini and Phytalmiini; (3) monophyly of Plioreocepta, Taomyia and an undescribed new genus, and their sister group relationship with the subfamily Tephritinae; (4) a possible sister group relationship of Cephalophysa and Adramini; and (5) reconfirmation of monophyly for Trypetini, Carpomyini, Tephritinae, and Dacinae. The combination of 12S, 16S, and COII data enabled resolution of phylogenetic relationships among the higher taxa of Tephritidae.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2014

Specimens of the genus Orobdella Oka, 1895 from Korea, including various locations in the Korean Peninsula, were identified as Orobdella tsushimensis Nakano, 2011. Phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI), ND1, $tRNA^{Cys}$, $tRNA^{Met}$, 12S rRNA, $tRNA^{val}$, and 16S rRNA markers show that the newly collected specimens form a monophyletic group with the known O. tsushimensis specimens. The genetic distance of COI of these specimens was in the range 0.4-6.6%. These results confirm that the newly collected specimens belong to O. tsushimensis. This is the first record of the genus Orobdella from the Korean Peninsula.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 1996

The RAD3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for excision repair and is essential for cell viability. RAD3 encoded protein possesses a single stranded DNA-dependent ATPase and DNA-RNA helicase activies. To examine the extent of conservation of structure and function of RAD3 during eukaryotic evolution, we have cloned the RAD3 homolog, HRD3, from the distantly related yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Here, we report the partial cloning and characterization of HRD3 gene (Homologous of RAD3 gene) which was isolated by PCR amplification using conserved domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD3 gene. Chromosomal DNA isolated from S. pombe had similar restriction patterns to those from S. cerevisiae, as determined by Southern blot analysis. The 2. 8 kb transcript of mRNA was identified by Northern hybridization. The level of transcript did not increase upon UV-irradiation, suggesting that the HRD3 gene in S. pombe is not UV-inducible.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1996

The rotifers collected from various terrestrial habitats, such as mosses, lichens, dry detritus and temporary pools after rain were investigated. Five species and/or subspecies in two families of digonont rotifers were identified: Rotaria tardigrada, Macrotrachela quadricornifera quadricornifera, Macrotrachela quadricornifera scutellata, Adineta vaga minor, Adineta steineri. All these are new to Korean fauna. This is the first taxonomic study on the Korean digonont rotifers.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.274-277
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• 2017

A sea star was collected from the Korea Strait in the waters adjacent to eastern Jeju Island, Korea ($33^{\circ}39^{\prime}86^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$, $127^{\circ}33^{\prime}12^{{\prime}{\prime}}E$) at a depth of 92 m on November 5, 2016. This specimen was identified as Marginaster paucispinus Fisher, 1913, from the family Poraniidae of the order Valvatida, based on morphological characteristics. The genus Marginaster Perrier, 1881 and M. paucispinus, which were first reported in the South China Sea, are new to the Korean fauna. Partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and 16S ribosomal RNA of M. paucispinus were have been determined for the first time and were deposited in GenBank. They are the first molecular records for the genus Marginaster.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.835-840
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• 2007

Any infant noted to be jaundiced at 2 weeks of age should be evaluated for cholestasis with measurement of total and direct serum bilirubin. With the insight into the clinical phenotype and the genotype-phenotype correlations, it is now possible to evaluate more precisely the neonate who presents with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Testing should be performed for the specific treatable causes of neonatal cholestasis, specifically sepsis, galactosemia, tyrosinemia, citrin deficiency and endocrine disorders. Biliary atresia must be excluded. Low levels of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase in the presence of cholestasis should suggest progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1, 2, or arthrogryposis- renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome. If the serum bile acid level is low, a bile acid synthetic defect should be considered. Molecular genetic testing and molecular-based diagnostic strategies are in evolution.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.1149-1153
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• 2006

In this study, nuclease-resistant RNA aptamers that are specific for Jurkat T leukemia cells were selected by a subtractive systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method. A randomized nuclease-resistant RNA library was incubated with normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in each round to preclude RNAs that recognize the common cellular components on the surface of normal and cancer cells. The precluded RNAs were used for the selection of Jurkat T cell-specific aptamers, and the specific RNAs were then gradually enriched from start to the following selections. After 16 rounds of the subtractive SELEX, the selected aptamers were found to preferentially bind to Jurkat T cells, but not to the normal PBMC, evidenced by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Thus, the subtractive SELEX can be used to identify ligands to cancer-specific biological markers without prior knowledge of the nature of markers. The aptamers could be applied to specific cell sorting, tumor therapy, and diagnosis, and moreover, to find cancer cell-specific markers.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2000

We have modeled the observed spectral energy distributions(SEDs) of young stellar objects (YSOs) in giant molecular clouds (GMCs). We propose the theoretical modles for the dust envelopes around YSOs. The YSOs in a GMC may share the same initial chemical composition. In this paper, we compare the model SEDs with the observations of the YSOs. Dust shells of the YSOs are composed of a mixture of astronomical silicate and graphite grains. We propose the models for the evolution of the GMCs comparing the shape of the SEDs on the IRAS 2-color diagram with the age.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.258-265
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• 2016

Acrobeloides nanus (de Man, 1880) Anderson, 1968 belonging to the family Cephalobidae Filpijev, 1934 (Cephalobomorpha) is newly reported from South Korea. This species is distinguished from other Acrobeloides species by its low and blunt labial probolae, five lateral incisures with middle incisure extending to the tail tip, and bluntly rounded tail. In this study, details of morphological characters of A. nanus is described and illustrated based on optical and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, molecular sequence data of the D2-D3 region of 28S rDNA, 18S rDNA and mitochondria DNA cox1 region from this species are provided as DNA barcode sequences.