• 제목/요약/키워드: Molecular classification

검색결과 321건 처리시간 0.026초

Various Classification of Gastric Adenocarcinoma

  • Moon, Hee Seok;Jeong, Hyun Yong
    • Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 2019
  • Despite its declining incidence, gastric cancer is globally, still, the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease with diverse pathogenesis and molecular backgrounds. Therefore several systems have been proposed to aid in the classification of gastric adenocarcinoma based on the macroscopic, microscopic and anatomical features of the tumor. However, these classifications did not reflect the pathogenesis of the disease. Recently, genomic analysis has identified several subtypes of gastric adenocarcinoma and a detailed understanding of the molecular biology behind the neoplastic phenotype is possible to develop of more effective therapies. We will describe the existing various classification of gastric cancer and the recently introduced molecular biology and immunological classification.

Application of Decision Tree for the Classification of Antimicrobial Peptide

  • Lee, Su Yeon;Kim, Sunkyu;Kim, Sukwon S.;Cha, Seon Jeong;Kwon, Young Keun;Moon, Byung-Ro;Lee, Byeong Jae
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.121-125
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of decision tree for the classification of antimicrobial peptides. The classification was based on the activities of known antimicrobial peptides against common microbes including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A feature selection was employed to select an effective subset of features from available attribute sets. Sequential applications of decision tree with 17 nodes with 9 leaves and 13 nodes with 7 leaves provided the classification rates of $76.74\%$ and $74.66\%$ against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Angle subtended by positively charged face and the positive charge commonly gave higher accuracies in both E. coli and S. aureusdatasets. In this study, we describe a successful application of decision tree that provides the understanding of the effects of physicochemical characteristics of peptides on bacterial membrane.

Carboxylesterases: Structure, Function and Polymorphism

  • Satoh, Tetsuo;Hosokawa, Masakiyo
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.335-347
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    • 2009
  • This review covers current developments in molecular-based studies of the structure and function of carboxylesterases. To allay the confusion of the classic classification of carboxylesterase isozymes, we have proposed a novel nomenclature and classification of mammalian carboxylesterases on the basis of molecular properties. In addition, mechanisms of regulation of gene expression of carboxylesterases by xenobiotics, and involvement of carboxylesterase in drug metabolism are also described.

Molecular Classification of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Impact on Prognostic Prediction and Personized Therapy

  • Dhruba Kadel;Lun-Xiu Qin
    • Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.5-15
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    • 2017
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The aggressive but not always predictable pattern of HCC causes the limited treatment option and poorer outcome. Many researches had already proven the heterogeneity of HCC is one of the major challenges for treatment option and prognosis prediction. Molecular subtyping of HCC and selection of patient based on molecular profile can provide the optimization in the treatment and prognosis prediction. In this review, we have tried to summarize the molecular classification of HCC proposed by different valuable researches presented in the logistic way.

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Pre- and Post-Treatment Imaging of Primary Central Nervous System Tumors in the Molecular and Genetic Era

  • Sung Soo Ahn;Soonmee Cha
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제22권11호
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    • pp.1858-1874
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    • 2021
  • Recent advances in the molecular and genetic characterization of central nervous system (CNS) tumors have ushered in a new era of tumor classification, diagnosis, and prognostic assessment. In this emerging and rapidly evolving molecular genetic era, imaging plays a critical role in the preoperative diagnosis and surgical planning, molecular marker prediction, targeted treatment planning, and post-therapy assessment of CNS tumors. This review provides an overview of the current imaging methods relevant to the molecular genetic classification of CNS tumors. Specifically, we focused on 1) the correlates between imaging features and specific molecular genetic markers and 2) the post-therapy imaging used for therapeutic assessment.

Cyanobacterial Taxonomy: Current Problems and Prospects for the Integration of Traditional and Molecular Approaches

  • Komarek, Jiri
    • ALGAE
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.349-375
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    • 2006
  • The application of modern ecological, ultrastructural and molecular methods, aided by the cultivation of numerous cyanobacterial morphotypes, has substantially changed our knowledge of these organisms. It has led to major advances in cyanobacterial taxonomy and criteria for their phylogenetic classification. Molecular data provide basic criteria for cyanobacterial taxonomy; however, a correct phylogenetic system cannot be constructed without combining genetic data with knowledge from the previous 150 years research of cyanobacterial diversity. Thus, studies of morphological variation in nature, and modern morphological, ultrastructural, ecophysiological and biochemical characters need to be combined in a “polyphasic” approach. Taxonomic concepts for generic and infrageneric ranks are re-evaluated in light of combined phenotypic and molecular criteria. Despite their usefulness in experimental studies, the limitations of using strains from culture collections for systematic and nomenclatural purposes is highlighted. The need for a continual revision of strain identification and proper nomenclatural practice associated with either the bacteriological or botanical codes is emphasized. Recent advances in taxonomy are highlighted in the context of prospects for understanding cyanobacterial diversity from natural habitats, and the evolutionary and adaptational processes that cyanobacteria undergo.

Molecular Pathology of Gastric Cancer

  • Kim, Moonsik;Seo, An Na
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.273-305
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    • 2022
  • Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common lethal malignant neoplasms worldwide, with limited treatment options for both locally advanced and/or metastatic conditions, resulting in a dismal prognosis. Although the widely used morphological classifications may be helpful for endoscopic or surgical treatment choices, they are still insufficient to guide precise and/or personalized therapy for individual patients. Recent advances in genomic technology and high-throughput analysis may improve the understanding of molecular pathways associated with GC pathogenesis and aid in the classification of GC at the molecular level. Advances in next-generation sequencing have enabled the identification of several genetic alterations through single experiments. Thus, understanding the driver alterations involved in gastric carcinogenesis has become increasingly important because it can aid in the discovery of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this article, we review the molecular classifications of GC, focusing on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) classification. We further describe the currently available biomarker-targeted therapies and potential biomarker-guided therapies. This review will help clinicians by providing an inclusive understanding of the molecular pathology of GC and may assist in selecting the best treatment approaches for patients with GC.