• 제목/요약/키워드: Mold Heating

검색결과 172건 처리시간 0.029초

Fabrication and Micropatterning of a Hybrid Composite of Amorphous Calcium Carbonate and Poly(ethylenimine)

  • Lee, Hyun-Sook;Ha, Tai-Hwan;Kim, Hyun-Min;Kim, Kwan
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • 제28권3호
    • /
    • pp.457-462
    • /
    • 2007
  • Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) can readily be prepared using ethanol as the reaction medium and ammonium carbonate as the source of carbon dioxide. Other additives, or any elaborate pH control are not needed to form the initial calcium carbonate precipitate. Ammonia generated from ammonium carbonate maintains the reaction medium in a neutral or weakly basic condition, retarding the crystallization of ACC, while ethanol itself inhibits the dissolution of ACC. The ACC prepared in this way provides a rare opportunity to fabricate molded biomimetic crystals in vitro, but the ACC is too fragile to be fabricated into proper shapes. The malleability of ACC is, however, greatly enhanced by incorporating poly(ethylenimine) (PEI). The ACC/PEI composite can then be fabricated, using a proper mold or template, into mechanically durable biomimetic crystals of definite shape. The ACC in the ACC/PEI composite can further be transformed into vaterite by heating under N2 atmosphere, while the native ACC simply converts into calcite.

유한체적법을 이용한 리니어모터 시스템의 냉각조건 선정에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Cooling Parameter Decision of Linear Motor System by Finite Volume Method)

  • 황영국;은인웅;이춘만
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
    • /
    • pp.449-450
    • /
    • 2006
  • Development of a feed drive system with high speed, positioning accuracy and thrust has been an important issue in modern automation systems and machine tools. Linear motors can be used as an efficient system to achieve such technical demands. By eliminating mechanical transmission mechanisms such as ball screw or rack-pinion, much higher speeds and greater acceleration can be achieved without backlash or excessive friction. However, an important disadvantage of linear motor system is its high power loss and heating up of motor and neighboring machine components on operation. For the application of the linear motors to precision machine tools an effective cooling method and thermal optimizing measures are required. In this paper presents an investigation into a thermal behavior of linear motor cooling plate. FVM employed to analyze the thermal behavior of the linear motor cooling plate, using the ANSYS-CFX.

  • PDF

유한요소법을 이용한 탄소강의 경화특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on Hardening Characteristics of Carbon Steel by Using Finite Element Method)

  • 황현태;소상우;김종도
    • 열처리공학회지
    • /
    • 제24권4호
    • /
    • pp.203-208
    • /
    • 2011
  • Recently, from general machine parts and automobile parts using carbon steel to a mold, there has been efforts for improving durability and attrition resistance of these parts. Especially, heat treatment with laser which works fast and automatically can be used for the mass production with high quality. Moreover, local heat treatment can be used to handle with complex and precise parts. Accordingly, we analyzed hardening characteristics of carbon steel using the finite element method and compare the experimental results to have more reliability. We also proved the cause of thermal deformation with temperature and stress distribution by heat treatment. After these analysis and experimental, we found that each maximum hardness of the two tests was 728 Hv and 700 Hv, on condition of $1050^{\circ}C$ heating temperature, and 2 mm/sec laser speed. We also found that difference of surface stress-distribution was occurred, and this makes deformation mode up after heat treatment.

Plasma 처리 및 MmSH 사출방법으로 인한 PC/ABS와 PC상의 은도금 밀착성에 관한 연구 (Electroless Silver Plating of PC/ABS and PC by Plasma Treatment and MmSH Injection Process)

  • 박기용;이혜원;이종권
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제41권1호
    • /
    • pp.33-37
    • /
    • 2008
  • Polycarbonate has a high transmittance to light, low specific gravity, flexibility and cost-effectiveness that extends the application field of the polymer to bio-engineering, optics, electronic parts, etc. Moreover, electro plating of metallic film on PC could endow the parts the electromagnetic interference shielding capability. However, poor adhesion of copper on PC limited the wide usage in the industry. In this work, a composite(PC/ABS) and MmSH(Momentary mold Surface Heating) injection process were used to improve the plating characteristics; plating thickness, gloss and adhesion. Also plasma treatment and chemical treatment were employed for improving adhesion. Plating characteristics on PC/ABS were better than those on PC due to the anchoring effect of butadiene. MmSH injection process could ameliorate the gloss and coating adhesion. Also plating thickness and adhesion of PC and PC/ABS were increased by plasma treatment.

Preceramic Polymer를 이용한 마이크로셀룰라 코디어라이트 세라믹스의 합성 (Synthesis of Microcellular Cordierite Ceramics Derived from a Preceramic Polymer)

  • 송인혁;김영미;김해두;김영욱
    • 한국세라믹학회지
    • /
    • 제44권5호
    • /
    • pp.184-189
    • /
    • 2007
  • In this study, a novel-processing route for producing microcellular cordierite ceramics has been developed. The proposed strategy for making the microcellular cordierite ceramics involves three steps: (i) fabricating ceramic-filled preceramic foams by heating a mixture of polysiloxane, expandable microspheres, talc, and alumina in a mold, (ii) cross-linking the foamed body, and (iii) transforming the body into microcellular cordierite ceramics by sintering. Cu jig was used for near net shaping in the foaming step. The experimental variables such as the shape of foaming jig and the content of expendable microsphere were investigated. By controlling the content of expendable microsphere, it was possible to make the porous cordierite ceramics with cell density of ${\sim}1.0{\times}10^9\;cells/cm^3$.

순간금형가열법에 의해 제작된 ABS의 pH 변화에 따른 무전해 Ni 도금 특성 (pH Effects on Properties of Electroless Nickel Plating on Injected ABS by MmSH)

  • 송태환;박소연;이종권;류근걸;이윤배
    • 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국산학기술학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
    • /
    • pp.69-71
    • /
    • 2004
  • 새로운 기술인 Momentary mold surface heating(MmSH)은 기존의 사출성형법으로 제조된 Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene(ABS)의 단점을 개선한 사출성형법이다. MmSH로 제조된 ABS와 기존의 사출성형법으로 제조된 ABS의 도금특성을 도금욕 pH 변화에 따라 연구하였다. Sodium hypophosphite가 첨가된 무전해 Ni 도금욕의 PH가 증가할수록 도금 두께가 증가하였고 기존의 사출성형법으로 제조된 ABS의 경우 pH 5이상에서 4B의 밀착력을 가졌다. MmSH로 제조된 ABS의 경우 pH 6이상에서 5B인 12.3N/25mm 이상의 가장 우수한 밀착력을 나타내었다.

  • PDF

리니어모터 시스템 구조설계에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Structural Design of Linear Motor System)

  • 은인웅;이춘만;황영국
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
    • /
    • pp.1059-1063
    • /
    • 2005
  • Development of a feed drive-system with high speed, positioning accuracy and thrust has been an important issue in modern automation systems and machine tools. Linear motors can be used as an efficient system to achieve such technical demands. By eliminating mechanical transmission mechanisms such as ball screw or rack-pinion, much higher speeds and greater acceleration can be achieved without backlash or excessive friction. However, due to great power loss and magnetic attraction of the linear motors heating and deflection problems occur. Therefore, it is necessary to design strong structure, cooling device with high efficiency and light weight construction in designing stage of linear motors. This paper presents an investigation into a structural design of linear motor system. In this research, a new concept of moving table with high stiffness and of cooling plate is also introduced. Structure analyses are performed by using a commercial code ANSYS in order to evaluate the design safety.

  • PDF

축열 성능 향상 SSPCM 혼합 콘크리트 제조 및 열적특성 분석 (Preparation and Thermal-property Analysis of Heat Storage Concrete with SSPCM for Energy Saving in Buildings)

  • 정수광;장성진;임재한;김희선;류성룡;김수민
    • 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
    • /
    • 제35권1호
    • /
    • pp.89-96
    • /
    • 2015
  • n-octadecnae based shape stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) was prepared by using vacuum impregnation method. And an exfoliated graphite nanoplate (xGnP) which has high thermal conductivity properties is used as a PCM container. And then we made heat storage concretes which contains SSPCM for reducing heating and cooling load in buildings. In the prepararion process, the SSPCM was mixed to a concrete as 10, 20 and 30wt% of cement weight. The thermal properties and chemical properties of heat storage concrete were analyzed from Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), Deferential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and TCi thermal conductivity analyzer. And we conducted surface temperature analysis of SSPCM and xGnP by using heat plate and insulation mold.

STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE CHANGES DURING THE POLYMERIZATION OF AUTOPOLYMERIZING ACRYLIC RESINS

  • Ahn Hyung-Jun;Kim Chang-Whe;Kim Yung-Soo
    • 대한치과보철학회지
    • /
    • 제39권6호
    • /
    • pp.709-734
    • /
    • 2001
  • The aims of this experiment were to investigate the strain and temperature changes simultaneously within autopolymerzing acrylic resin specimens. A computerized data acquisition system with an electrical resistance strain gauge and a thermocouple was used over time periods up to 180 minutes. The overall strain kinetics, the effects of stress relaxation and additional heat supply during the polymerization were evaluated. Stone mold replicas with an inner butt-joint rectangular cavity ($40.0{\times}25.0mm$, 5.0mm in depth) were duplicated from a brass master mold. A strain gauge (AE-11-S50N-120-EC, CAS Inc., Korea) and a thermocouple were installed within the cavity, which had been connected to a personal computer and a precision signal conditioning amplifier (DA1600 Dynamic Strain Amplifier, CAS Inc., Korea) so that real-time recordings of both polymerization-induced strain and temperature changes were performed. After each of fresh resin mixture was poured into the mold replica, data recording was done up to 180 minutes with three-second interval. Each of two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (Duralay, Vertex) and a vinyl ethyl methacrylate product (Snap) was examined repeatedly ten times. Additionally, removal procedures were done after 15, 30 and 60 minutes from the start of mixing to evaluate the effect of stress relaxation after deflasking. Six specimens for each of nine conditions were examined. After removal from the mold, the specimen continued bench-curing up to 180 minutes. Using a waterbath (Hanau Junior Curing Unit, Model No.76-0, Teledyne Hanau, New York, U.S.A.) with its temperature control maintained at $50^{\circ}C$, heat-soaking procedures with two different durations (15 and 45 minutes) were done to evaluate the effect of additional heat supply on the strain and temperature changes within the specimen during the polymerization. Five specimens for each of six conditions were examined. Within the parameters of this study the following results were drawn: 1. The mean shrinkage strains reached $-3095{\mu}{\epsilon},\;-1796{\mu}{\epsilon}$ and $-2959{\mu}{\epsilon}$ for Duralay, Snap and Vertex, respectively. The mean maximum temperature rise reached $56.7^{\circ}C,\;41.3^{\circ}C$ and $56.1^{\circ}C$ for Duralay, Snap, and Vertex, respectively. A vinyl ethyl methacrylate product (Snap) showed significantly less polymerization shrinkage strain (p<0.01) and significantly lower maximum temperature rise (p<0.01) than the other two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (Duralay, Vertex). 2. Mean maximum shrinkage rate for each resin was calculated to $-31.8{\mu}{\epsilon}/sec,\;-15.9{\mu}{\epsilon}/sec$ and $-31.8{\mu}{\epsilon}/sec$ for Duralay, Snap and Vertex, respectively. Snap showed significantly lower maximum shrinkage rate than Duralay and Vertex (p<0.01). 3. From the second experiment, some expansion was observed immediately after removal of specimen from the mold, and the amount of expansion increased as the removal time was delayed. For each removal time, Snap showed significantly less strain changes than the other two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (p<0.05). 4. During the external heat supply for the resins, higher maximum temperature rises were found. Meanwhile, the maximum shrinkage rates were not different from those of room temperature polymerizations. 5. From the third experiment, the external heat supply for the resins during polymerization could temporarily decrease or even reverse shrinkage strains of each material. But, shrinkage re-occurred in the linear nature after completion of heat supply. 6. Linear thermal expansion coefficients obtained from the end of heat supply continuing for an additional 5 minutes, showed that Snap exhibited significantly lower values than the other two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (p<0.01). Moreover, little difference was found between the mean linear thermal expansion coefficients obtained from two different heating durations (p>0.05).

  • PDF

무가온 시설재배 감귤에서 계절초기 목화진딧물 개체군의 정착경로에 관한 연구 (The Colonizing Routes of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to Mandarine Citrus Trees Grown in a Non-heating Plastic-film House During the Early Season)

  • 김태옥;권순화;박정훈;오성오;현승용;김동순
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
    • /
    • 제54권3호
    • /
    • pp.247-255
    • /
    • 2015
  • 목화진딧물(Aphis gossypii Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)은 감귤에서 그을음병을 유발하여 감귤 과실에 경제적으로 피해를 주는 해충이다. 본 연구는 무가온 하우스 감귤에서 계절초기 목화진딧물이 어떠한 경로를 거쳐서 감귤나무에 정착하는지 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 감귤나무에서 진딧물 월동알 조사결과 가을순이 난 여름순에서 많이 발견되었는데 월동알은 대부분 조팝나무진딧물이었으며, 목화진딧물 월동알은 발견되지 않았다. 봄순에 정착하는 목화진딧물 유시형 성충은 크게 4월 하순(조기비산)과 5월 하순(지연비산)에 두 차례 관측되었다. 지연비산은 완전생활형 간모세대에서 유시형이 출현하는 시기와 일치하였다. 조기비산 시기에 황색수반트랩에서도 목화진딧물 유시형 성충이 유살되었는데 확실하지는 않으나 월동잡초에서 잔존하고 있던 불완전세대 개체군으로 추정되었다. 결과적으로 무가온 하우스 감귤에서 목화진딧물의 정착은 불완전생활형의 조기비산과 완전생활형의 지연비산으로 일어난다는 것이 확인되었다.