• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.123-132
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• 2023

The term 'module' is an architectural term. It refers to the components or systems that make up a finished product. As industries develop, modules have become one of the methods that can create diverse and creative designs. Traditional modular fashion design mainly focused on structural methods, such as the combination, assembly, overlap, and arrangement of modules, as well as the tessellation of geometric shapes. However, in this paper, significance lies in exploring the application of shape grammar, a design method in architecture, to fashion design. It aims to search for ways to express three-dimensional designs, derive designs that can be worn and produced, and propose fashion design by applying the rules of shape grammar to the design process. Through this analysis, the paper aims to examine the methods and characteristics of shape grammar. The research method of this paper is as follows. First, by utilizing optimized programs for implementing the modules of shape grammar, it was possible to propose a method for producing modules of shape grammar and suggest module designs. Additionally, effective methods of representation using the Clo 3D program were explored in the design development process. Second, by applying shape grammar to the fashion design process, five-dimensional modular fashion designs were proposed, including a bolero, dress 1, dress 2, setup, and coat. The proposed modular fashion design using shape grammar in this paper provides a rational design process that differentiates itself from traditional modular fashion design. By formalizing the shapes between modules and creating rules, it overcomes the limitations of design that rely on the designer's intuition or sensibility and enables the development of more diverse modular fashion designs. This application of shape grammar in fashion design can provide an important direction in exploring a sustainable fashion industry.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of modular design observed in Korean traditional clothing. Modular design, which is one of the noticeable characteristics of modern fashion design emerged in the 20th century. This study analyzed the Korean traditional culture to investigate the characteristics that show similarities to the modular system in design. A traditional Korean house is composed of small structures called 'chae'. A traditional Korean building is composed of a basic unit space called 'kan', and the rooms are divided and recombined. Korean traditional interior design shows furniture, bedding and art works that could be used, folded then stored. Korean cuisine is served in combination with small dishes. Korean letters are combined in square shaped form to make writing and printing easy. Korean traditional clothing has a way of washing where clothing are disassembled, washed and then re-stitched. The pattern pieces are made to be rectangular shaped so that the fabric pieces can be kept in shape during washing. The rectangular shaped pattern pieces can be replaced and reused after washing. Tops and bottoms could be interchanged for color-coordination, because the shapes of the clothing were standardized. These features exhibit modular system in Korean traditional clothing design. Modular system design has common characteristics which have basic modules, pursue practical purpose, have interchangeability adapted to circumstances, and could be disassembled and re-combined. Korean traditional clothing illustrates different ways of practicing modular system, but has some common features to contemporary modular fashion design.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.63-77
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• 2015

By means of statistical analysis and module concept, this paper investigated the current situation of high school girl's uniform and put forward its improved design and database establishment. Combined with the survey data, the future design direction and trend of the high school girls' uniform were proposed. By using modular design concept, the uniform is divided into five modules, and a style database has been built. Meanwhile, the parametric pattern database has been completed by using garment CAD system, based on the style database above, which has 42,336 possibilities to assemble a pair of school uniform. Combining with digital sewing techniques and by using computerized embroidery machine, the personalized design of high school girl's summer uniform has been realized. And two simulated case have been given for examples to prove its feasibility. The idea of modular design and parametric design method proposed in this study offer references for establishing the modular design database and parametric pattern database for other types of school uniform and are of relatively high practical and theoretical value.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.222-237
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• 2012

Air-containing fashion, which can offer diverse functions through the inflow and outflow of air, is highly relevant in today's mobile society, where people are experiencing a wider range of environments. This study attempts to suggest the possibility of air-containing multi-functional fashion that could continuously be utilized by developing a design for an air-containing jacket using modular systems. In this research, the modular systems in architecture and furniture design were referenced through a review of the literature for the purpose of establishing modular systems in fashion. Functions relevant to the mobility of today's society are derived from the results of advanced research and applied to the design of modules of the jacket. The modules are integrated through the modular systems. The folding and unfolding structure in architecture and furniture is applied as a folding system in fashion, the vertical accumulation structure as a layering system, and the horizontal integration structure as a combining system, and in addition, the containing system has emerged in fashion. Each module is designed to fulfill certain functions, such as cushioning, heat insulation, and portability. The folding system is utilized in designing the cushion module to support the neck and back of a wearer by making its hood and hem fold in the back. The application of a layering system was suggested by making the vest, combined with the neck cushion and back cushion via the combining system, layered with its insulation module. By applying the combining system, the hood that includes the neck cushion, the skirt that includes the back cushion, the body that includes the insulation module, and the sleeves can be connected and separated by a zipper. The applicability of this concept was proven by applying a developed design to an actual item.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.7
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• pp.156-171
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• 2014

This study attempted to comprehend the usage of the modular system in fields through literature review and objective research, as well as analysis of its expression characteristics in fashion. It tried to provide inspiring visual data for the fashion design of the modular system. After analyzing architecture and product-related books, Internet data and advanced research, the four expression characteristics of the modular system were obtained. Firstly, the formative expression characteristics of the modular system in fashion were simplicity, extensibility, variability and diversity. Secondly, of the formative expression characteristics expressed in modern fashion, simplicity (30%) was the highest, followed by extensibility (27%), diversity (22%) and variability (21%). Thirdly, simple silhouette and structure were used to express simplicity, usually simple geometric figures. In contrast, extensibility was expressed through the expansion and exaggeration of the area, length and volume of the clothes. In terms of variability, the typical characteristics of modules were reflected. For diversity, heterogeneous materials were used, and informality was expressed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.788-799
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• 2008

Since the late 20C, a lot of fashion designers have considered about new construction system in fashion. Many arguments about architectural form and construction system have being supported on enlargement of range of functionalism fashion through the consideration about new shape and combination among various any other spheres. Modular concept, which is able to divide complex construction of integration into separated basic unit and use various and liberal arrangements, is regarded alternative idea of economic construction that creates new shape and constructive beauty through the simple operation and changing combination continuously. Specially, fashion designs of Yoehlee Teng, John Ribber, and Galya Rosenfeld are estimated that they are effectively utilized architectural modular system pursuing multi-function and multi-change in fashion. Modular system utilized in fashion construction will be classified as follows: 1) layering system of Yoehlee Teng, 2) combine system of john Ribber, and 3) lego system of Galya Rosenfeld. This thesis will presents beneficial guide for simple and practical functionalism fashion design development in 21C.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.776-793
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• 2014

This study attempted to figure out the usage of the modular system in other fields through literature review and empirical study, analyze its structural method in fashion. After analyzing architecture & product-related books, the Internet data and previous studies, the modular system's five structural methods were obtained. Then, 991 photos of women's clothes from 2003 to 2014 were collected through the fashion websites in Korea and abroad. The results can be summarized as follows: First, the following five structures were derived: assembling structure, overlapping structure, arrangement structure, inserting structure and folding structure. Second, according to analysis on the structural method of the modular system in modern fashion, overlapping structure (34%) was the most common. Third, in fashion, the use of fastener for installation and removal is important for assembling structure. In terms of overlapping structure, 3D volume by vertical accumulation was commonly observed. Arrangement structure revealed a horizontal and flat shape through simple arrangement. In inserting structure, on the contrary, non-standardized modules were used as a part of clothes or decorative elements. In folding structure, origami technique for reduction and expansion was used.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.6-14
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to delve into what type of expression mode of fashion design could suit the life style of digital nomads, as the appearance of nomadic life style was concurrent with people's modified way of thinking and sociocultural changes in today's digital society. It's basically meant to define the roles of fashion design, which was discussed as a way of improving the quality of life as a sort of 'culture,' and to suggest some of the right directions for fashion design in the future. The culture of today's digital era is marked by a pursuit of high mobility and high speed, and by nomadic disposition that is built on flexible thinking. The kind of design that lets people carry nomadic things with them and thereby improve their mobility can satisfy their needs for mobility, and body-friendly design that functions as a device of information in itself can meet their needs for mobility as well. The leading example of the latter is a wearable computer, and wearable scientific technology will be taken to another level, thanks to the advance in digital technology. In the future, that will be more accessible to people in general, and subminiature digital equipment will gain popularity in fashion industry as part of textiles and clothing or as an accessory. And specific kinds of design will be widespread, including variable design, multi-functional design and modular design. The first serves as a tool to protect the human body and to facilitate the adaptability of it to the given circumstances, and the second is characterized by a superb physical and psychological protectability. The third lets wearers bring design to completion at their own option, owing to an increase in the number of open-minded people and the development of interactive media. All these types of design could be called a wearer-friendly, human-oriented design that is specifically appropriate for the digital age. Wearers can actively be involved in design process as productive consumers, which is expected to help increase opener practices in fashion design sector.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.796-809
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• 2007

The viewpoint of growth pursuit is changed to that of life quality's and happiness' pursuit by modern people. Modern people in digital environment, tired of fast-changing and oppressive daily life, prefer well-being trend providing tranquility and relaxation. Well-being is related to digital, because negative influences of digital lead human-oriented, environment-friendly well-being design. Therefore the purpose of this study is to research and analyze the relation of well-being fashion design and digital environment through case study in contemporary well-being fashion design. The results of this study are as follows: 1. This study shows that the attributes of digital environment make up function-intensive, interactivity, mobility & nomad, human & emotion-oriented and environment-friendly. And this study shows the design characteristics of digital environment consist of function-intensive design by digital convergence, open structure design for interactivity, modular design for mobility & nomad, emotion-oriented & multi-sensory design and environment- friendly design. 2. Function-intensive design in modem well-being fashion composed of vogue of caports style(casual+sports), practical use of multi-functional new-healthy textiles, and popularity of many style's mixture at once. Open structure design consist of wrapover design, use of transparent materials. Modular design are layered styling, practical use of zipper and velcro. Emotion-oriented & multi-sensory design are constitute of fad of wrinkle materials, application of bright & vivid tone, personal color and family look. Environment-friendly design in contemporary well-being fashion are comprised in use of natural color, re-advent of natural floral motif and eco-design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.4 s.113
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• pp.110-125
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze efforts of the mesa trends on the modern fashion design. For the study documentary research and qualitative content analysis have been carried out. Articles in magazines, seminar reports, and news related to trends were collected and analyzed to develop mega trends nowadays. As results, $2002{\sim}2006$ mega trends were extracted to Co-divergence, Emotional tech, Bi-dentity, Private+One and $2002{\sim}2006$ design trends extracted to Camouflage, Transformation, Modular system, Blur, Ease. The influences of mega trends and design trends on the modern fashion design have been proved. Those were expressed as eclectic style, deconstructionist style, reductive style and functionalist style in fashion design. The present era could be defined as cultural pluralism blended with various cultures and styles. Fashion as the essential display of contemporary culture and society has been successfully confirmed in this study.