• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.649-654
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• 2012

This paper presents a novel 16-quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) E-band communication system. The system can deliver 10 Gbps through eight channels with a bandwidth of 5 GHz (71-76 GHz/81-86 GHz). Each channel occupies 390 MHz and delivers 1.25 Gbps using a 16-QAM. Thus, this system can achieve a bandwidth efficiency of 3.2 bit/s/Hz. To implement the system, a driver amplifier and an RF up-/down-conversion mixer are implemented using a $0.1{\mu}m$ gallium arsenide pseudomorphic high-electron-mobility transistor (GaAs pHEMT) process. A single-IF architecture is chosen for the RF receiver. In the digital modem, 24 square root raised cosine filters and four (255, 239) Reed-Solomon forward error correction codecs are used in parallel. The modem can compensate for a carrier-frequency offset of up to 50 ppm and a symbol rate offset of up to 1 ppm. Experiment results show that the system can achieve a bit error rate of $10^{-5}$ at a signal-to-noise ratio of about 21.5 dB.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2010

This study is the purpose of plan principle establishment of the class room for individualization, oriented information of education and various teaching, learning activity. Since the 1990's, school facilities also need to change the educational environment. The 1990's is the time to prepare for the change such as individualization, an information-oriented society, the world-oriented society. Open education is the new form of school and needs the change that individualization diversification, oriented information. For above the reasons, in order to satisfy the demand of change of the new educational environment deviating from uniform education of the past environment improvement of both school education and studying facilities is the emergency theme. The process of education of Korea studies the character that before modem times after modem times under the Japanese rule. The process of change of act in relation to education process and facilities of Korea arranges and studies after establishing government. The plan principle synthesize and analyses school building refering to plan standard and principle of books of various architecture plan, is general classroom in the educational process of the elementary schools.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2008

Museum Architecture, passing through modem times, have been requested to make changes in order to respond to the necessities of current times as well, so that they come to develop various kinds of programs other than a mere exhibition. That is, museum began recognizing the diversity of activities available in the spaces and the openness to the public. And tried to keep up with the changes by linking the museum buildings with local community in urban architecture as a result. Conversion design is methodology aims at reforming old buildings into a museum or revitalizing buildings of historical significance into exhibition center, so that it made possible to utilize the texts of historical, cultural cities, which in turn contribute to the diversity of urban architecture and protection of buildings in environmental crisis. In the sense, the paper analyzes the life-long contribution and dedication of Carlo Scarpa, an Italian architect, in the conversion of museum architecture, and studies the style, techniques, and features witnessed from his architectural works, and finally offers an insight and a directing post to take advantage of diverse ways likely applicable in our urban architectures. Scarpa's features in his museum architecture are classified as follows: First, contrasting expression of reiteration and side by side to express the continuity of time Second, he conveyed implicated meanings through inserting contracted factors of the locality and traditionality. Third, his interest in formative works and handicraft had an influence on shaping conversion space Finally, expression of accidentally to change of a point of view.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.44-51
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• 2006

Careful attentions should be paid on the renovation of historical building, not only because it conservations architectural heritages by affording new roles of the present days, but also determine their successive value in the stream of the preservation of cultural properties. Among drastically-increasing interest in the remodeling of the modem architecture in Korea, it is meaningful to research the cases in Japan since there are precedent, accumulative, and ample example of lengthened time. In this paper, two examples with different renovation concept, 'harmony' and 'confrontation' are compared. 'Minami-za' is the typical example to harmonize the present requirement with the original purpose and the memories of the buildings, where the use and the design are preserved. On the contrary, 'Shinpu-kan' is exemplified as confrontation where everything except the facade and the structure was remodeled. It is suggested to understand 'harmony' and 'confrontation' as a way to the coexistence of 'new' and 'old' on the basic of the historical meaning of architectures, not only as a design trend.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.6 s.107
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• pp.36-51
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• 2005

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse modem urbanization process and the morphological transformation of the urban tissues in Kunsan between the you 1899 and 2001, The method of this study is to investigate the transformation process of morphological elements such as plot structure, building layout, building facades, land use, exterior space structure and their use, with actual field surveys, the analysis of land registration maps in 1912, and various topological map. Morphological analysis on modern Kunsan is progressed by three steps-typo-morphological analysis of urban tissue in old-town area, interpretation of morphological process, and transformation process, of morphological structure in Japanese concession in view of plots system. As a result, it is found that there is cyclical relationship among the morphological transformation processes of morphological elements, plots, buildings, land-uses, and access space to buildings. From the view of town plan change, the period of restoration of war damage in 1950s and compressive growing period in 1960s have important meaning in the morphological process of old-town area. Particularly the first building plan and layout type together with plot form and structure is acted as the main factor to decide the subsequent plot transformation system, exterior space system and the particular streetscape in Kunsan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.92-104
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• 2007

This paper aims to discussion the characteristics of location and spatial organization on Hongneung and Yureung(royal tomb) in Namyangju through the interpretation of traditional oriental philosophy including Feng-Shui theory. To do this, we studied in two ways; analysis of the present conditions and photographing research materials about the form of physical structure and review of historical document. The result of analysis in sight of the location and spatial structure was good matched. Main finding of this paper are as follows: The location and landscape structure was characterized by the harmony with natural following traditional thinking and the Korean view of nature, while maintaining the dignity of the King. The spatial organization were placed in a straight line following the hierarchy of metaphysics by order of Neungchim(Tombs Vicinity) - Changmyungdeung(Stone Lantern) - Chungjakak(Pavilion) - Hongsalmun(Gate for Heavenly Gods) and was based on the Confucianism value, the natural contour and inner value. Through this study, we find the principles made it possibles to re-evaluate nature in modem society and provided us with new ways to conserve nature with the help of environmental theory.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.45-60
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• 2008

This study lists the vocabulary of the inscriptions on SeoGwol-YeongGeon-DoGam-UiGwe(西闕營建都監儀軌 1831). This study also deciphers and explains the meanings of them. In advance, this study compares them with the vocabulary of the national language in the middle ages and in modem times. There are two important missions in deciphering a transcription marking of the architectural vocabulary of UiGwe(儀軌). One is to gain an understanding of the reading method of transcription marking and the other is an explanation of what that means. As a result, we can correctly understand the UiGwe(儀軌) written in transcription marks. If we could decipher the transcription markings of the documents as it is, we cannot only recover plenty of vocabulary related with characteristic architecture in the age of the later Joseon Dynasty, but also correct wrongly used vocabulary in the present. As a result, we can standardize and adjust the vocabulary use of Korean traditional architecture. In advance, we can correct errors of spelling and mistaken explanations in the Korean Encyclopedia.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.12-27
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• 2008

The purpose of this plan was to introduce the imaginary environment concept to modem environment design which was drawn by comparison of historic and cultural landscape. An area of $19,056m^2$ in I1-ja mountain water reservoir, located in 94 Dun-Chon-Dong, Gangdong-Gu, Seoul was selected for this planning. The concepts of Barrier-Free Design and Universal Design were introduced in order to accept the demands of various social classes. Based on the results of natural and cultural environment, Animism, Heaven, Earth and Man Theory and Yin-Yang and the Five Elements Theory these concepts were introduced for the philosophical background. Concept planning, topic selection, space planning and axis establishment were conducted during the framework step of the plan. Circulation planning, planting planning, facility and pavement planning, and light planning were conducted during the initial planning step. Lastly, detailed designing was performed for the major spaces. In addition, the imaginary environment concept was applied, ranging from the structural aspect of the space to designing factors of the facility in order to achieve placeness and practicality. In conclusion, this may be the first case design applying the imaginary environment concept to the environmental design with natural environment factors such as animals, plants, terrains and climate, and cultural such as cities, places, time, thoughts and symbols which are all factors to be considered in the existing environment design.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4A
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• pp.371-376
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• 2010

This paper presents an efficient demapper architecture based soft-decision using the phase-section for Digital Video Broadcasting via satellite, Second Generation (DVB-S2). To achieve the satisfactory performance under a very low SNR conditions with the efficient hardware resource utilization, we propose a simple soft-decision demapper architecture using comparators to compare the phase of symbols and memories. The proposed architecture can decrease about 81% of the hardware resource, satisfying the BER requirements of DVB-S2. It has been thoroughly verified with an FPGA board and R&S(R)SFU (Rohde&Schwarz SFU-K108) broadcaast test equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

As urbanization becomes widely spread, environmental benefits of natural landscapes have been highly appreciated. The social demands to conserve such landscapes are becoming stronger in modem society. In order to effectively manage natural landscapes, one should know what natural landscapes are. The characteristics of natural landscapes revealed by foreign research include wilderness, absence of human intrusion, and presence of diverse natural element (plants, trees, waters). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of diverse natural landscapes with different levels of naturalness. The methods adopted here consist of three phases. First, 368 landscapes were photographed to include different levels of naturalness. Second, two professional landscape groups assessed the degree of naturalness of the collected landscapes, in which the characteristics of five degrees of naturalness were examined. Lastly, undergraduate students, as laypersons, assessed the 33 landscapes that were selected as representative of the five degrees of naturalness. The results show that there is no difference between professionals and laypersons on the assessment of naturalness of landscape. The characteristics of natural landscape that participants perceive include no human intrusion, preservation of original state, traditional quality such as Korean-style architecture, dominance of natural elements, and minimum facilities that harmonize with natural surroundings, Many characteristics are similar to the results of foreign research, However, the results reveal that Koreans do not perceive man-made nature as natural, while they perceive traditional elements as natural. Based on the results, some suggestions for landscape management are presented in the conclusion section.