• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.1 s.68
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• pp.11-20
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• 2004

This paper focused on square steel tubular column to H-beam connections (concrete filled tubular) with an outside-type diaphragm. Based on the yield line theory and the nonlinear static FEM analysis the specification equations were evaluated by comparing them with previous result of the simplified tensile experiment[please check. The yield line theory applied to the mechanical model theory revised by K. Morita, the nonlinear static FEM analysis using abaqus/standard, the ultimate strength equation in the specification equation using the factor for long-time loading, and the yield ratio according to material. The allowable strength in the specification equations applied the safety factors of 2.2 and 2.6 in the cases with and without filled concrete, respectively. Therefore, the evaluation of strength(for the previous result of the simplified tensile experiment in this study) was considered possible through the yield line theory, the nonlinear static FEM analysis, and the specification equations. Likewise, the specification equations were seen to be an underestimate of the previous result of the simplified tensile experiment. The strength and displaced mesh in the FEM analysis approximated the previous result of the simplified tensile experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.503-512
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• 2017

The perceived stress of pregnant women is a potential contributor to adverse birth outcomes. Although the importance of the psychosocial well-being of pregnant women has been emphasized, there are fewreliable and valid instruments to measure the stress level of pregnant women in Korea. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of Ahn's pregnancy related stress scale (PSS) that was originally developed in 1984. Two hundred pregnant women completed the survey questionnaire, which was comprised of the PSS, depression scale, and demographic information. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity. The concurrent validity was evaluated using the correlation with depression scores. Based on exploratory factor analysis and a consideration of conceptual meaning, a five-factor structure was extracted, explaining 57.25% of the variance: physical discomfort, fetus, parenting, spouse relationship, and housework. The goodness-of-fit indices showed an acceptable fit overall with the full model and acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha =.89). The concurrent validity was confirmed by a comparing with the depression score (r=.48, p <.001). The shortened PSS, as a valid and reliable scale, is recommended to be used to assess pregnancy-related stress and to develop stress managing interventions for pregnant women in clinical settings.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.199-209
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• 2018

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are increasingly been recognized as the chemical mediators of mold interactions, shaping their community dynamics, growth, and metabolism. Herein, we selectively examined the time-correlated (0 D-11 D, where D = incubation days) effects of intraspecies VOC-mediated interactions (VMI) on Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 60345 (S1), following co-cultivation with partner strain A. oryzae KACC 44967 (S2), in a specially designed twin plate assembly. The comparative evaluation of $S1_{VMI}$ (S1 subjected to VMI with S2) and its control ($S1_{Con}$) showed a notable disparity in their radial growth ($S1_{VMI}$ < $S1_{Con}$) at 5 D, protease activity ($S1_{VMI}$ > $S1_{Con}$) at 3-5 D, amylase activity ($S1_{VMI}$ < $S1_{Con}$) at 3-5 D, and antioxidant levels ($S1_{VMI}$ > $S1_{Con}$) at 3 D. Furthermore, we observed a distinct clustering pattern for gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry datasets from 5 D extracts of $S1_{VMI}$ and $S1_{Con}$ in principle component analysis (PC1: 30.85%; PC2: 10.31%) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) (PLS1: 30.77; PLS2: 10.15%). Overall, 43 significantly discriminant metabolites were determined for engendering the metabolic variance based on the PLS-DA model (VIP > 0.7, p < 0.05). In general, a marked disparity in the relative abundance of amino acids ($S1_{VMI}$ > $S1_{Con}$) at 5 D, organic acids ($S1_{VMI}$ > $S1_{Con}$) at 5 D, and kojic acid ($S1_{VMI}$ < $S1_{Con}$) at 5-7 D were observed. Examining the headspace VOCs shared between S1 and S2 in the twin plate for 5 D incubated samples, we observed the relatively higher abundance of C-8 VOCs (1-octen-3-ol, (5Z)-octa-1,5-dien-3-ol, 3-octanone, 1-octen-3-ol acetate) having known semiochemical functions. The present study potentially illuminates the effects of VMI on commercially important A. oryzae's growth and biochemical phenotypes with subtle details of altered metabolomes.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.79-92
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• 2015

Purpose - The aim of this study is to develop an empirical model of the effects of traditional market service quality factors on customer value, relationship quality, and behavior. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: 1) to classify study objects into cultural tourism markets and non-cultural tourism markets as well as to verify the differences in service quality among the two markets and, 2) to present practical service marketing methods that fit with the characteristics of the traditional markets by amending the five quality evaluation items of SERVQUAL (a multiple-item scale for measuring service quality)to suit the characteristics of the traditional markets and establish the relationship among customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. Research design, data, and methodology - The study methods of empirical investigation are as follows. First, this study selected for a study object the Suwon Paldalmun Gate Market to represent the cultural tourism market, and general traditional markets to represent the non-cultural tourism market. This study also conducted personal interviews in order to increase the response rate and collected a total of 418 responses between March 18, 2014 and April 05, 2014. The total of 418 responses used for this study excluded 14 responses that had either misleading information or missing values. Results - This study verified the perceived differences of service quality based on traditional market specialization through an independent sample t-test. It appeared that the perceived service quality of the cultural tourism market was generally higher than that of the non-cultural tourism market. This study executed a path analysis in order to examine the effects of service quality factors on customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. This study also comprehensively analyzed the specialized market and non-specialized market separately. Although there were some differences among the results, the overall results were uniform. It appeared that convenience, reliability, and empathy, among the service quality factors, exerted meaningful effects on customer value. On the other hand, convenience, reliability, responsiveness, and empathy, excluding the tangibles, exerted meaningful effects on the relationship quality. In addition, it appeared that all service quality factors exerted meaningful effects on the customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. Therefore, the study verified that all of the hypotheses formulated in the study were generally adopted. Conclusions - The implication of this study may be classified into academic and practical implication as follows. With respect to the academic implication, it seems that this study is among the early studies to verify the differences between the cultural tourism market and the non-cultural tourism market. The practical implication of this study is that the perceived service quality, such as convenience, reliability, responsiveness, and tangibles, excluding empathy, was higher in the cultural tourism market than in the non-cultural tourism market. This means that customer satisfaction is enhanced by governmental aid such as hardware, software, and information and communications technology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.581-590
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• 2017

For effective improvement of water quality in Seokmun reservoir, this study implemented various analyses including the tributary water quality and flowrate monitoring, contamination of sediment, investigation of pollution source, selection of priority management target tributary by stream grouping method. The COD concentration of the majority of tributaries in Seokmun reservoir watershed was relatively higher than BOD concentration. The concentration of water pollutants regardless of water quality parameters in Yeokcheon, Dangjincheon, Sigokcheon, Baekseokcheon, small stream in Jinkwanri and Janghangri were higher than the other tributaries. The pollution sources in the Seokmun reservoir watershed were mostly distributed in the population, livestock, and industry. The pollutants, which located in Yeokcheon, Dangjincheon, Baekseokcheon, and small stream in Janghangri selected as priority management target tributary, should be preferentially reduced for improving the water quality in Seokmun reservoir. As the evaluation results of water quality in Seokmun reservoir for the effect of water quality improvement according to various scenarios using water quality model, it was found that the water quality in Seokmun reservoir due to the construction of a wastewater treatment plant for management of pollutants in the watershed would be satisfied the class V of water environment standard in reservoir.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.472-480
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• 2018

This study was conducted to examine cognitive function and the ability for occupational participation in patients with mild and moderate dementia and to identify correlations between these two variables. The study investigated 95 dementia patients who visited a day care center in Daegu between September and November, 2017. Their detailed cognitive functions were examined using the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean (MMSE-K) and the Korean Version of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment Geriatric population: LOTCA-G. Their occupational participation was measured using the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST). The subjects' cognitive functions and abilities for occupational participation were analyzed using the descriptive statistics produced by the SPSS 20.0 program. In addition, Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations between the cognitive functions of the subjects and their abilities for occupational participation. The results of the study showed positive correlations between cognitive function and the ability for occupational participation of patients with mild and moderate dementia. Based on the results of this study, the evaluation of the patients with dementia and ability for occupational participation related to the cognitive function in establishing the therapeutic goal should be considered.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.485-498
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• 2014

In this paper, vehicle-bridge interaction analysis under a series of moving vehicles to simulate a lane load was performed to estimate impact factor of the main cable, hanger and girder for the selected suspension bridges with 404m and 1545m main span. Korea Bridge Design Code(Limit State Design) was selected for the live model in which KL-510 truck was modeled 6-d.o.f. vehicle and a lane load was simulated by a series of single-axle vehicles. For the 404m main span bridge, hinge-type and floating-type girders at the tower were considered to examine the impact factor according to the connection and supporting type of the girders. The parameters considered herein are the types of live load-a truck only and a truck plus lane load, eccentricity of moving vehicles, road surface roughness and vehicle speed. The road surface roughness was randomly generated based on ISO 8608 and it was applied to the truck only. The impact factors were also evaluated by using the influence line method that is commonly used in cable-supported bridges and compared with those from vehicle-bridge interaction analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.359-367
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• 2005

In order to increase the productivity of container terminals, automation is being considered seriously in nowadays. A yard is usually automated by running autumated RMGs (rail mounted gantries) which may require somewhat a different stacking strategy to archive a better performance. In this paper, we present a simulation model for RMGs and summarize experimental results with two different stacking strategies applied to a horizontal block which has two non-crossable RMGs. The concentrating strategy, which stacks containers belong to a single ship together and dedicateds each RMG to either ship services or external truck services, showed a good performance in ship unloading. In the contrast, the distributing strategy, which partitions a block into two regions and binds each RMG to one of the regions to improve the productivity of ship services by running each RMG alternately, is suggested for blocks of exporting.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.81-92
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• 2011

Recently, the MLTM (Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs) has announced CM business guidelines, because it is expected that the CM deliveries are going to be increased for a civil engineering industry with enforcement of the CM at Risk. In this trend, The CM business guideline, which is currently announced, is for the steps after the CM contract. However, the practical business guideline from a planning phase for the CM delivery to a selection phase of a CMr (Construction Manager) is essential for public construction projects including the civil engineering projects that the frequency of the CM deliveries is not sufficient. Therefore, this study established a standardized process model from the planning phase for the CM delivery to the selection phase of the CMr. study configured a business breakdown structure for CM delivery. A prototype system for supporting the CM delivery was also developed, and a practical operability was verified by a case evaluation based on the developed system. Hence, it is expected that this study will be utilized as a supporting system of the CM delivery business for public clients, which have not sufficient cases of the CM delivery.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.387-397
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between health related physical fitness, cognitive function, depression and quality of life variables of elderly people in a comprehensive way based on quantitative evaluation. The subjects of this study were 385 people who voluntarily participated in the elderly welfare center in Gyeonggi and Seoul the elderly people. As for the data collection methods, were measured the characteristics, depression and quality of life, cognitive function questionnaires along with measures of lower and upper body strength, dynamic equilibrium and agility, total endurance and grip strength. As a result, the first was a statistically significant correlation between integrated health of the elderly, cognitive function, quality of life and depression. Second, the analysis of cognitive function, elderly integrated health, quality of life, and depression revealed statistical significance among all variables. Third, there was the partial intervention effect of function in the quality of life and depression of the elderly.