• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.331-344
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• 2005

Inference on current data could be more reliable if there exist similar data based on previous studies. Ibrahim and Chen (2000) utilize these data to characterize the power prior. The power prior is constructed by raising the likelihood function of the historical data to the power $a_o$, where $0\;{\le}\;a_o\;{\le}\;1$. The power prior is a useful informative prior in Bayesian inference. However, for model selection or model comparison problems, the propriety of the power prior is one of the critical issues. In this paper, we suggest two joint power priors for the power law process and show that they are proper under some conditions. We demonstrate our results with a real dataset and some simulated datasets.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2014

This paper presents the elastic buckling of smart lightweight column structures integrated with a pair of surface piezoelectric layers using artificial intelligence. The finite element modeling of Smart lightweight columns is found using $ANSYS^{(R)}$ software. Then, the first buckling load of the structure is calculated using eigenvalue buckling analysis. To determine the accuracy of the present finite element analysis, a compression study is carried out with literature. Later, parametric studies for length variations, width, and thickness of the elastic core and of the piezoelectric outer layers are performed and the associated buckling load data sets for artificial intelligence are gathered. Finally, the application of soft computing-based methods including artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy inference system (FIS), and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were carried out. A comparative study is then made between the mentioned soft computing methods and the performance of the models is evaluated using statistic measurements. The comparison of the results reveal that, the ANFIS model with Gaussian membership function provides high accuracy on the prediction of the buckling load in smart lightweight columns, providing better predictions compared to other methods. However, the results obtained from the ANN model using the feed-forward algorithm are also accurate and reliable.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2021

최근 다양한 분야에 인공지능 기술이 도입되고, 학계 관심이 늘어남에 따라 다양한 기계학습 모델들이 여러 프레임워크에서 운용되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 프레임워크들은 서로 다른 데이터 포맷을 가지고 있어, 상호운용성이 부족하며 이를 극복하기 위해 오픈 신경망 교환 포맷인 ONNX가 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 여러 기계학습 모델을 ONNX로 변환하는 방법을 설명하고, 통합된 ONNX 포맷에서 기계학습 기법을 판별할 수 있는 알고리즘 및 추론 시스템을 제안한다. 또한, ONNX 변환 전·후 모델의 추론 성능을 비교하여 ONNX 변환 간 학습 결과의 손실이나 성능 저하가 없음을 보인다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.461-467
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• 2022

This research is to raise awareness of food safety by designing and supporting a hazard food information notification platform for consumers. To this end, the design was carried out by dividing the process into a data extraction process, an application screen design process, and a CNN-based food inference process. Data was collected through public data APIs and crawling, and it was sent to each activity screen designed for Android studios so that it could be output. As a result, when the platform is executed, information on hazardous food names, registration dates, food classification, manufacturing dates, recovery grades, recovery reasons, recovery methods, company names, barcode numbers, and packaging units can be intuitively and conveniently checked. In addition, CNN-based food inference processes allowed mobile cameras to infer harmful food and applied various quantization techniques such as Dynamic Range, Integer, and Float16 to compare the degree of improvement in inference performance. As a result, the group that applied basic quantization and treated device resources with GPU showed the greatest improvement in inference performance. Through this platform, it is expected that the reliability of food safety will be improved by making it more convenient for consumers to recognize food risks.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.277-292
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• 2023

Much of our experiments are designed to uncover the cause(s) and effect(s) behind a phenomenon (i.e., data generating mechanism) we happen to be interested in. Uncovering such relationships allows us to identify the true workings of a phenomenon and, most importantly, to realize and articulate a model to explore the phenomenon on hand and/or allow us to predict it accurately. Fundamentally, such models are likely to be derived via a causal approach (as opposed to an observational or empirical mean). In this approach, causal discovery is required to create a causal model, which can then be applied to infer the influence of interventions, and answer any hypothetical questions (i.e., in the form of What ifs? Etc.) that commonly used prediction- and statistical-based models may not be able to address. From this lens, this paper builds a case for causal discovery and causal inference and contrasts that against common machine learning approaches - all from a civil and structural engineering perspective. More specifically, this paper outlines the key principles of causality and the most commonly used algorithms and packages for causal discovery and causal inference. Finally, this paper also presents a series of examples and case studies of how causal concepts can be adopted for our domain.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.692-700
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose the structural design of Interval Type-2 FCM based RBFNN. Proposed model consists of three modules such as condition, conclusion and inference parts. In the condition part, Interval Type-2 FCM clustering which is extended from FCM clustering is used. In the conclusion part, the parameter coefficients of the consequence part are estimated through LSE(Least Square Estimation) and WLSE(Weighted Least Square Estimation). In the inference part, final model outputs are acquired by fuzzy inference method from linear combination of both polynomial and activation level obtained through Interval Type-2 FCM and acquired activation level through Interval Type-2 FCM. Additionally, The several parameters for the proposed model are identified by using differential evolution. Final model outputs obtained through benchmark data are shown and also compared with other already studied models' performance. The proposed algorithm is performed by using Iris and Vehicle data for pattern classification. For the validation of regression problem modeling performance, modeling experiments are carried out by using MPG and Boston Housing data.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집:21세기 신지식정보의 창출
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• pp.184-197
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 이접적 퍼지 정보를 지원하는 퍼지 객체 추론 모델을 정형화하고, 이접적 퍼지 정보를 지원하는 지식기반 프로그래밍을 위한 구현으로서 ICOT(Integrated C-Object Tool)을 제안한다. 제안된 객체 추론 모델은 객체 추론과 퍼지 추론이 객체-관계형 데이터베이스와 호환성있는 일관된 틀로 병합 되어 있으며, 객체 지향 패러다임의 대부분이 관계형 구조로 표현되기 때문에, 의미적으로 이해하기 쉽고 개념적으로 사용하기 단순한 퍼지 추론을 지원한다. 또한 이접적 퍼지 정보를 지원함으로써 데이터의 의미적 표현력을 강화시킨다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 사이버 위협을 평가할 시 복합적인 요소들을 고려한 위협 수준의 정량적 평가방안을 제안하였다. 제안된 평가방안은 공격방법과 행위자, 위협유형에 따른 강도, 근접성의 4가지 사이버 위협 요소를 기반으로 퍼지이론을 사용하여 사이버 위협 수준을 정량화하였다. 본 연구를 통해 제시된 사이버 위협 수준 평가는 언어로 표현된 위협 정보를 정량화된 데이터로 제시해 조직이 위협의 수준을 정확하게 평가하고 판단할 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.2505-2528
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• 2023

The field of facial expression recognition (FER) has been actively researched to improve human-computer interaction. In recent years, deep learning techniques have gained popularity for addressing FER, with numerous studies proposing end-to-end frameworks that stack or widen significant convolutional neural network layers. While this has led to improved performance, it has also resulted in larger model sizes and longer inference times. To overcome this challenge, our work introduces a novel lightweight model architecture. The architecture incorporates three key factors: Depth-wise Separable Convolution, Residual Block, and Attention Modules. By doing so, we aim to strike a balance between model size, inference speed, and accuracy in FER tasks. Through extensive experimentation on popular benchmark FER datasets, our proposed method has demonstrated promising results. Notably, it stands out due to its substantial reduction in parameter count and faster inference time, while maintaining accuracy levels comparable to other lightweight models discussed in the existing literature.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1223-1237
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• 2024

Autonomous vehicles use onboard sensors to sense the surrounding environment. In complex autonomous driving scenarios, the detection and recognition capabilities are constrained, which may result in serious accidents. An efficient way to enhance the detection and recognition capabilities is establishing collaborations with the neighbor vehicles. However, the collaborations introduce additional challenges in terms of the data heterogeneity, communication cost, and data privacy. In this paper, a novel personalized federated learning framework is proposed for addressing the challenges and enabling efficient collaborations in autonomous driving environment. For obtaining a global model, vehicles perform local training and transmit logits to a central unit instead of the entire model, and thus the communication cost is minimized, and the data privacy is protected. Then, the inference similarity is derived for capturing the characteristics of data heterogeneity. The vehicles are divided into clusters based on the inference similarity and a weighted aggregation is performed within a cluster. Finally, the vehicles download the corresponding aggregated global model and train a personalized model which is personalized for the cluster that has similar data distribution, so that accuracy is not affected by heterogeneous data. Experimental results demonstrate significant advantages of our proposed method in improving the efficiency of collaborative perception and reducing communication cost.