• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.171-178
• /
• 1996

DCB(pure mode I) and CLS(mixed mode) tests were performed to investigate the effect of fracture mode on the interlaminar fracture of composite laminate. Mode I critical strain energy release rate was found to be $133J/m^2$ from the DCB test and total strain energy release rate decreased from $1, 270J/m^2$ as thickness ratio(tl/t) varied from 0.333 to 0.667 from the crease from the CLS test. Crack length had no effect on the total strain energy release rate and load was almost constant during the crack growth of the specimen which had the specific thickness ratio. Crack initiated when the stress of the strap ply reached constant stress $42kgf/mm^2$ which was found to be independent of the thickness ratio.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2022

Recently, the composite material market is gradually growing. Various composite forming processes have been developed in order to reduce the production cost of the composite material. Unlike the conventional forming process, the microwave composite forming process has the advantage of reducing the processing time because the composite material is heated directly or indirectly at the same time. Due to this advantage, in this study, a double cantilever beam test was conducted with specimens manufactured by the microwave composite forming process. The purpose of this study was to compare mode-I energy release rate for specimens manufactured by prepreg compression forming and microwave composite forming processes. First, a microwave oven was proposed to conduct the microwave composite forming process. Double cantilever beam specimens were manufactured. After that, the double cantilever beam test was conducted to obtain the mode-I energy release rate. Mode-I energy release rates of specimens manufactured by the microwave composite forming and prepreg compression forming processes were then compared. As a result, mode-I energy release rates of specimens fabricated by the microwave composite forming process were similar to those fabricated with the prepreg compression forming process with a relatively reduced process time.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2000

This paper was carried out to investigate the characteristics of interlaminar fracture toughness of foam core sandwich structures under opening loading mode by using the double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens in Carbon/Epoxy and foam core composites. instead of using symmetric geometry of DCB specimen non-symmetric DCB specimen was used to calculate the interlaminar fracture toughness. Three approaches for calculating the energy release rate({{{{ {G }_{IC } }}}}) were compared. Fracture toughness of foam core sandwich structures by autoclave vacuum bagging and hotpress were compared and analyzed. Experiment nonlinear beam bending FEM method were performed. Suggested bonding surface compensation and equivalent area inertia moment was used to calculate the energy release rate in nonlinear analytical results. The conclusions among experimental nonlinear analytical and FEM results was observed. The vacuum bagging method was shown to be able to substitute method in stead of autoclave without serious loss of Mode I energy release rate({{{{ {G }_{IC }}}}}) to be able to substitute method in stead of autoclave without serious loss of Mode I energy release rate({{{{ {G }_{IC }}}}}).

• Composites Research
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2018

섬유금속적층판은 금속과 섬유 강화 복합소재를 함께 적층한 하이브리드 재료 중 하나다. 섬유금속적층판은 계면의 접착층이 파괴되는 층간분리 현상이 발생할 수 있기 때문에 계면의 접착층에 대한 한계응력과 에너지 해방률을 실험적으로 도출해야만 한다. 하지만, 온도에 따른 에너지 해방률을 실험적으로 도출하는 과정에서 측정 장비의 사용 온도에 대한 제약을 받는다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 Levenberg-Marquardt 기법을 기반한 역해석 기법을 사용하여 접착층에 대한 모드 I 한계응력과 에너지 해방률에 대한 예측 가능성을 확인하는 것이 목표다. 먼저, 한계응력은 접착층의 인장강도와 같다고 가정하였으며, 에너지 해방률은 DCB 시험(double cantilever beam test)을 수행하여 정의하였다. 또한, 유한요소법 기반 모델을 적용하여 한계응력과 에너지 해방률을 수치해석적으로 예측할 수 있는 지 확인하였다. 그 후, Levenberg-Marquardt 기법을 유한요소법 기반 모델에 적용하여 모드 I 한계응력과 에너지 해방률을 수치해석적으로 예측하였다. 아울러, 본 연구에서 사용한 역해석 기법의 수렴성을 확보하기 위하여 두 가지 경우의 초기 매개변수에 대한 역해석을 추가적으로 수행하였다. 결과적으로, 본 연구에서 사용한 역해석 기법은 모드 I 한계응력과 에너지 해방률을 효과적으로 예측할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공작기계학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.220-226
• /
• 1998

In this pater, a method of strength evaluation applying fracture mechanics in adhesively bonded joints of A1/A1 materials was investigated. Various adhesively bonded joints of double-cantilever beam with a interfacial crack in its adhesive layer were prepared for the fracture toughness test of comprehensive mixed mode conditions from nearly pure mode I to mode II. The experiment of fracture toughness was carried out under various mixed mode conditions with an interfacial crack and critical energy release rate, Gc by the experimental measurements of compliances was determined. From the results, fracture toughness on mixed mode with an interfacial crack is well characterized by strain energy release rate and a method of strength evaluation by the fracture toughness in adhesively bonded joints of A1/A1 materials was discussed.

• Composites Research
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.6-12
• /
• 2019

본 논문에서는 Cross-ply 탄소섬유/에폭시 복합재 적층판의 모드 I 층간분리 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 Cross-ply 시편에 대한 Double-Cantilever Beam(DCB) 시험을 수행하였다. Cross-ply DCB 시편의 경우 층간 및 층내 파괴를 포함한 복합적인 균열 성장과 기하학적 대변형에 의한 비선형성을 수반하였다. 따라서 변형률 에너지 해방률과 유한요소해석을 기반으로 비선형성을 수반한 DCB 시험에서도 적용되는 모드 I 층간 파괴인성 평가방법을 제안하고 기존의 선형이론으로 구한 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 방법으로 Cross-ply DCB 시편의 모드 I 층간 파괴인성과 모드 I 층내 파괴인성을 분류하였고 모드 I 층내 파괴인성이 더욱 낮음을 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2019

A variety of composite materials are applied to industries for the realization of light weight and high strength. Fiber-reinforced composites have different strength and range of application depending on the weaving method. The mechanical performance of CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) in many areas has already been demonstrated. Recently, the application of hybridization has been increasing in order to give a compensation for brittleness of CFRP. Target materials are UHMWPE (Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene), which has excellent cutting and chemical resistance, so it is applied not only to industrial safety products but also to places that lining performance is expected for household appliances. In this study, the CFRP and UHMWPE of plain weave, which are highly applicable to curved products, were molded into laminated hybrid composite materials by autoclave method. The mechanical properties and the mode I failure behavior between the layers were evaluated. The energy release rate G has decreased as the initial crack length ratio increased.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.14-18
• /
• 2013

Blades of horizontal axis are nowadays made of composite materials. Generally, composite materials satisfy design provides lower weight and good stiffness, while laminate composites have often damages as like the delamination and cracks at the interface of laminates. The box spar and tail parts of a blade are composed of the CFRP/GFRP hybrid laminate composites. However, delamination and the interfacial crack often occur in the interface of CFRP/GFRP hybrid laminate composites under the mixed mode fracture condition, especially mode I and mode II. Therefore, there is a need for the evaluation of the mixed mode fracture behavior during the delamination of CFRP/GFRP hybrid laminates. This study shows the experimental results for the delamination fracture toughness in CFRP/GFRP hybrid laminate composites. Fracture toughness experiments and estimation are performed by using DMMB(Dissimilar mixed mode bending) specimen. The materials used in the test are a commercial woven type CFRP(Carbon fiber reinforced plastic) prepreg(CF3327) and UD type GFRP(Glass fiber reinforced plastic) prepreg(HD224A). A CFRP/GFRP hybrid laminate composite is composed by the 10 plies CFRP and GFRP prepreg for DMMB. A thickness of CFRP and GFRP layer is 2.5mm and 3.0mm, respectively. Also the fulcrum location which is a loading parameter is changed from 80 to 100mm on the specimen of length 120mm because it defines the ratio of mode I to mode II. In this study, the effects of the fulcrum location are evaluated in the viewpoint of energy release rate in mode I and mode II contribution. The results show that the delamination crack initiates at higher displacement and lower load according to the increase of the fulcrum location ratio. And the variation of the energy release rate for mode I and II contributions for the mode mixity are shown.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2020

In order to realize high strength and light weight for various industrial facilities and structural materials, various new materials are applied to product design. Among them, CFRP has excellent specific strength and non-rigidity, and the scope of use is expanding throughout the industry, such as mobility products and building materials. GFRP is cheaper than CFRP, and has excellent specific strength and non-rigidity, and has excellent heat resistance and sound insulation, so it has been adopted as a core material for flooring and interior flooring. CFRP of twill weave structure has better resistance to deformation of fiber than plain weave structure, so the outermost layer is applied as twill weave structure in product design. After fabrication with DCB specimens, Mode I fracture toughness was evaluated according to the crack length. As the crack length increases, the energy release rate and stress intensity factor values tended to decrease overall.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2001

This paper investigates the characteristics of interlaminar fracture toughness of foam core sandwich structures under opening mode by using the double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens which are Carbon/Epoxy and foam core composites. Instead of using a DCB specimen of symmetric geometry, a non-symmetric DCB specimen was used to calculate the interlaminar fracture toughness. Three approaches for calculating the energy release rate(G$\sub$IC/) were used and fracture toughness of foam core sandwich structures made by autoclave, vacuum bagging and hotpress were compared. Experiment, analysis using nonlinear beam bending theory, and numerical work by FEM methods were performed. Bonding surface compensation and equivalent moment of inertia were used to calculate the energy release rate in nonlinear analytical work. Conclusions of experimental, nonlinear analytical and FEM methods were compared. It is, also, shown that the vacuum bagging forming can substitute the method of autoclave without serious loss of Mode I energy release rate(G$\sub$I/).