• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2021

Background: Compared with normal people, stroke patients have decreased voluntary craniocervical motion, which affects their balance. Objects: This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of active craniocervical movement training using a cognitive game on stroke patient's cervical movement control ability, balance, and functional mobility. Methods: The subject of this study were 29chronic stroke patients who were randomly allocated to either an experimental, cognitive game group (n = 15), or control group (n = 14), to which only neuro-developmental treatment (NDT) was applied. The intervention was conducted 5 times per week, 30 minutes per each time, for a total of 4 weeks. Active angle reproduction test, static stability test, limits of stability test, and Time up and Go (TUG) test, respectively, were carried out in order to evaluate cervical movement control ability, static balance, dynamic balance, and functional mobility. Paired t-test was used in order to compare differences between prior to after the intervention, along with an independent-test in order to compare prior to and after-intervention differences between the two groups. Results: After the craniocervical training with a body-driven cognitive game, the experimental group showed significant differences in flexion, extension, and lateral flexion on the affected side, and rotation on the affected side in the active angle reproduction test. The experimental group indicated significant differences in sway length both with eyes-open and with eyesclosed in the static stability test and in limits of stability test and TUG test. The control group to which NDT was applied had significant differences in flexion in the active angle reproduction test and in limits of stability test and TUG test. Conclusion: The above results mean that craniocervical training using a body-driven cognitive game positively influences stroke patient's cervical movement control ability and as a result their balance and functional mobility.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.sup1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2013

Out-of-home mobility is necessary for accessing commodities, making use of neighborhood facilities, and participation in meaningful social, cultural, and physical activities. Mobility also promotes healthy aging as it relates to the basic human need of physical movement. Mobility is typically assessed either with standardized performance-based tests or with self-reports of perceived difficulty in carrying out specific mobility tasks. Mobility declines with increasing age, and the most complex and demanding tasks are affected first. Sometimes people cope with declining functional capacity by making changes in their way or frequency of doing these tasks, thus avoiding facing manifest difficulties. From the physiological point of view, walking is an integrated result of the functioning of the musculoskeletal, cardio-respiratory, sensory and neural systems. Studies have shown that interventions aiming to increase muscle strength will also improve mobility. Physical activity counseling, an educational intervention aiming to increase physical activity, may also prevent mobility decline among older people. Sensory deficits, such as poor vision and hearing may increase the risk of mobility decline. Consequently, rehabilitation of sensory functions may prevent falls and decline in mobility. To promote mobility, it is not enough to target only individuals because environmental barriers to mobility may also accelerate mobility decline among older people. Communities need to promote the accessibility of physical environments while also trying to minimize negative or stereotypic attitudes toward the physical activity of older people.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1181-1189
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• 2009

This research analyzes the relationship between the height of the sleeve cap and the mobility of arm movement. Ten Korean women participated as subjects. For test clothes, the AH/4+3, AH/4+1, and AH/4-1 height of the sleeve cap were varied. The sleeve circumference was adjusted according to the variation of the height of the sleeve cap. To analyze test clothing objectively, the range-of-motion of two selected movements (Arm Adduction/Abduction and Arm Flexion/Extension) was measured by Leighton flexometer and goniometer. Also, a wearer acceptability rating was examined for acceptance by the subject. Anova and Duncan's multiple range tests are used for statistical analysis. According to the results, the mobility of test clothing 2 and 3 improved 14.9% and 27.7% in Arm Adduction/Abduction, and 12.7% and 31.9% in Arm Flexion/Extension compared to the test clothing 1.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.379-389
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• 1998

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the change of tooth mobility following orthodontic tooth movement. Six orthodontic patients which had been treated with edgewise appliance were used. Tooth mobility was measured with Periostest at the time of the removal of orthodontic appliance and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24 weeks after appliance removal. Following results were obtained: 1. Tooth mobility upon the removal of orthodontic appliance showed individual variation while incisor showed greater mobility than the other teeth. 2. Tooth mobility showed continued decrease pattern until 24 weeks after appliance removal. 3. While maxillary incisors showed continued decrease pattern during the study period, the other teeth showed steep decline pattern during the first 12 weeks and gentle slope during the second 12 weeks. 4. The tooth mobility of the maxillary second premolar showed the most typical change in terms of the consistency of the decline. 5. There were no significant differences of tooth mobility between heavy- and light-contacted anterior teeth during experimental period. The results of the present study suggested that periodontal reorganization is not completed even in 24 weeks following orthodontic tooth movement.

• Journal of Ubiquitous Convergence Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2007

This paper proposes a new group mobility model for wireless communication. The mobility model considers the psychological and sociological behavior of each node and the perception of other nodes for describing interactions among a set of nodes. The model assumes no permanent membership of a group, capable of capturing natural behaviors as fork and join. It emulates a cooperative movement pattern observed in mobile ad hoc networks of military operation and campus, in which a set of mobile stations accomplish a cooperative motion affected by the individual behavior as well as a group behavior. The model also employs a physic model to avoid a sudden stopping and a sharping turning.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.600-608
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• 2001

Accidents are the fourth-leading causal factor of death among the elderly, and fall is a major type of accident (53.17%). Many cases of falls in the elderly result in delayed discovery and loss of quality of life. As the number of the elderly grows, falls will be a more important health problem. Most previous research on falls investigated prevalence. mortality, and the related factors. There are many studies proving the effect of rhythmic movements. But few researches considered linking risk factors of fall with rhythmic movements. Purpose: We want to show the changes after performing rhythmic movement program, in risk factors of falls and mobility such as flexibility, balance, muscle power and persistency in the elderly, in order to provide basic information needed for the development of fall injury prevention program for the elderly. Method: The design of this study is quasi-experimental, the equivalent control group, pretest-posttest. The subjects consist of 124 people who lived in Do-Bong-Qu. Seoul, agreed to participate in this study, and were able to follow this rhythmic movement program. About 93 % of them are from 65 to 84 years (Mean${\pm}$sd: $73.7{\pm}5.7$): 64% are female. The rhythmic movement program was designed. and performed by two community health nurses working in the Do-Bong-Gu Public Health Center, regularly twice a week from May, 4 to December, 17. in 10 senior citizens' community centers. Risk factors of fall were measured with RAFS- II (Risk Assessment for Falls Scale II) by asking about each item: mobility was measured by observing their specific movements asked by investigators. Results: 1. After performing the program during 7 months, risk factors score of falls were decreased significantly (paired-t = 4.77. p<0.01). 2. After performing the program during 7 months, flexibility (paired-t = 2.26. p=0.03) and mobility were improved (paired-t = 4.98. p<0.01). but muscle power and persistency did not change (paired-t = 0.33. p=0.74). Overall, mobility affecting the occurrence of falls was improved significantly (paired-t = 5.15. p<0.01). Conclusions: A regular rhythmic movement program can be helpful in preventing falls in the elderly. Further. we can develop a fall injury prevention program using rhythmic movement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 2015

This study conducted a survey to gauge the buying and wearing propensities of wearers of leg guards made for baseball catchers, as well as product characteristics of preferred leg guards. Data from the survey were analyzed to obtain basic data for the development of an advanced leg guard design. Degree of compression, horizontal distance, cross section view and outline 3D sketch were also analyzed from the 3D data of leg guards; in addition, mobility and kinematic analysis were conducted through a wearing test. The survey indicated that imported products dominate the current retail market because they are appreciated by customers in terms of fit, price, brand, and protection. Representative complaints of products were discomfort, pressure, and the heavy-weight of the leg guards in general attributed to overall structure and 3D shape. When the pressure was lower on the front area of knee, it feels better to wear and the average knee angular velocity during the up and down motion increased, which suggests a better design from a kinematic point of view. The knee is the primary part of the body responsible for any movement of the lower limbs; consequently, the degree of compression and support stability of the leg guards near the knee area are important factors to evaluate the performance of leg guards. The results of our study indicate significant opportunities for improvement in product design and the development of baseball leg guards along with an ergonomic design that considers the mobility of the knee, skin deformations is necessary to improve performance. The process followed in this study will be applicable to studies on other personal protective equipment for sports.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.3 s.162
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• pp.343-350
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• 2007

This study compared and studied the clothing mobility of two types of aerobic clothes - those made of currently popular stretch materials and those made of new stretch materials that were specially developed for this study. The focus of the comparison was on the range of joint movement during activity, and the physiological burden imposed on the body by the clothes. In total, 18 experiments were carried out under controlled conditions in an artificial climatic chamber with a temperature of $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, air humidity of $60{\pm}5^{\circ}C$ and negligible air movement. Each exercise program consisted of a 30-minute of aerobic workout and a 20-minute rest following the exercise. Measurements were taken to determine the following: physiological reactions (whole-body and local sweat rates), subjective sensations(of temperature, humidity, comfort, tightness, and clothing wetness), joint angle(measured with a goniometer), and so on. The results of the study us as follows: Material B excels in clothing mobility. Material C excels in sweat absorbency and drying speed. Material A was found to be the hottest material, while material C was found to be slightly hot through the analysis of the change in pre- and post-exercise bodyweight(= amount of sweat). Regarding the amount of evaporated sweat, material A>material C>material B. Material B produced the smallest amount of evaporated sweat. The wider the range of joint movement, the smaller the amount of sweat and the lower the average skin temperature.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.52-59
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• 2008

Most pier performance analysis results for ad-hoc routing protocols have been based upon the model which each node in the network moves independently without restriction. In most real environments, however, it is very common for a group or multiple groups to move under the direction of group leader or group leaders instead of each node's independent movement. This paper presents the performance analysis of routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc network under group mobility environment. The comparative simulations have been made between a table-driven protocol, DSDV, and two on-demand protocols, AODV and DSR, under a group mobility model, RPGM, which is suitable for the practical applications such as military tactical operation. Multiple group movements are also included. The results show that the protocol performances for single group movement are very similar to node independent movement case. However some differences have been observed by varying pause time and connectivity.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.31-41
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• 2021

This study conducted 8 weeks of foam roller & mobility, core, and weight training for 9 middle school soccer players 5 times a week for 90 minutes to determine the effect on changes in body composition, thigh circumference, basic physical strength, and functional movement. To analyze the data according to the results of this study, SPSS 25.0 statistical program was used for analysis, and the mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated to present the descriptive statistics of all dependent variables. In addition, to analyze the difference between before and after exercise, it was verified using a paired t test. The statistical significance level (α) in all reasoning statistics was set to less than 5%. As a result, there were no significant changes in body composition and thigh circumference through 8 weeks of training. However, there were significant changes in agility and muscular endurance, and the total score for functional movement changes was significantly increased, and statistically significant changes were observed in three variables. Therefore, complex training is effective in changing the physical strength and functional movement of middle school soccer players, and further research will be required for a control group and various complex exercises.