• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1997

Each factor for the most effective electrolytic reaction in treating shipboard sewage was enhanced by means of batch electrolyitc reactor using DSA electrode. The effective clearance was 6mm and pH was 5-6. In such case, more than 20% of sea water concentration was needed to attain 90% of COD removal rate. The suspended solids was effectively removed by electro-floatation in proportion as charged current density. The nitrogen and posporous were effectively removed in the electrolytic device when mixed seawater.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2015

The Multi-wavelength Raman LIDAR (MRL) system was developed to enable a better understanding of the complex properties of aerosols in the atmosphere. In this study, the microphysical, optical, and radiative properties of mixed aerosols were retrieved using the discrete aerosol observation products from the MRL. The dust mixing ratio, which is the proportion of dust particles to the total mixed, was derived using the particle depolarization ratio. It was employed in the retrieval of backscattering and extinction coefficient profiles for dust and non-dust particles. The vertical profiles of aerosol optical properties were then used as input parameters in the inversion algorithm for the retrieval of microphysical parameters including the effective radius, refractive index, and the single scattering albedo (SSA). Those products were successfully applied to an analysis of radiative flux using a radiative transfer model. The relationship between the MRL derived extinction and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) in short-wavelength was assessed over Gwangju, Korea. The results clearly demonstrate that the MRL-derived extinction profiles are a good surrogate for use in the estimation of optical, microphysical, and radiative properties of aerosols. It is considered that the analytical results shown in this study can be used to provide a better understanding of air quality and the variation of local radiative effects due to aerosols.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2010

This study is to test insulation mortar mixed with wastepaper and sawdust to find out its insulation performance. Therefore, wastepaper and sawdust have been added to normal mortar. They are analyzed for the above purpose using compressive strength and insulation performance. It is found that the more wastepaper and sawdust will be mixed, the lower heat conductivity will be taken. Wastepaper and sawdust mixture will be more 2.0% then the insulation mortar quality can be compatible with the 3rd kind of the standard. Optimal mixture for insulation will be wast paper:sawdust=4:6. Cohesive test of materials showed that test material has stronger than stand are $0.10N/mm^2$. It is satisfactory the test result showed a range of $0.12{\sim}0.15N/mm^2$ from the test result. Optimal mixture of wastepaper and sawdust have been found out from the study comprehensively, exclusive of the proportion of wastepaper:sawdust = 8:2. It is thought that standard of length deformation; 0.5% is reasonable. This means that deformation of mortar itself can be considered. But it is also Shown that water mixture has also been sharply changed at first flow test. Therefore, it is thought that absorbed water content in the material gave considerable effect to variation rate.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze City squares in Europe according to Biophilic Design elements to apply domestic Indoor Squares in Mixed-use building for relaxation. This study seeks to present a direction for designing an indoor square that uses the aspects of European city square. The following details consist the purpose of the study. First, Perspective from the Biophilic design and analyzing criteria of Europe city square. Second, European city square is analyzed to establish the criteria to be applied to indoor square. Third, based on European city square analysis, the planning direction for domestic indoor square is suggested. This result of paper proceeds as follows. First, it describes the analysis of the Indoor Squares of the domestic Mixed-use building. The results were derived of the fact that not applying the water elements and Facade greening. Second, In Europe Square, It is accounted for the highest proportion (33%) of the spaciousness. Third, Through a comparative analysis domestic indoor square was derived that the higher the need to improve the spaciousness and botanical motif. It is the ultimate goal of this study based on the analysis of the city square to set the criteria for the biophilic design of the indoor square to present the orientation of the indoor square.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.4664-4681
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• 2020

Modulation recognition (MR) plays a key role in cognitive radar, cognitive radio, and some other civilian and military fields. While existing methods can identify the signal modulation type by extracting the signal characteristics, the quality of feature extraction has a serious impact on the recognition results. In this paper, an end-to-end MR method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit (GRU) is put forward, which can directly predict the modulation type from a sampled signal. Additionally, the sliding window method is applied to fast-changing mixed-modulation signals for which the signal modulation type changes over time. The recognition accuracy on training datasets in different SNR ranges and the proportion of each modulation method in misclassified samples are analyzed, and it is found to be reasonable to select the evenly-distributed and full range of SNR data as the training data. With the improvement of the SNR, the recognition accuracy increases rapidly. When the length of the training dataset increases, the neural network recognition effect is better. The loss function value of the neural network decreases with the increase of the training dataset length, and then tends to be stable. Moreover, when the fast-changing period is less than 20ms, the error rate is as high as 50%. As the fast-changing period is increased to 30ms, the error rates of the GRU and LSTM neural networks are less than 5%.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2014

Arsenic and its compounds which is one of the most toxic elements that can be found naturally on earth in small concentrations are used in the production of pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides. Most arsenic that cannot be mobilized easily when it is immobile is also found in conjunction with sulfur in minerals such as arsenopyrite (AsFeS), realgar, orpiment and enargite. In this investigation we observed the leaching of arsenic in soils amended with several levels of gravel size of arsenopyrite collected from a road construction site. Soil and gravel size of arsenopyrite were characterized by chemical and mineralogical analyses. Results of XRF analysis of arsenopyrite indicated that the proportion of arsenate was 0.075% (wt $wt^{-1}$) while the maximum amount of arsenic in soil samples was 251.3 mg $kg^{-1}$. Cumulative amounts of effluent collected from the bottom of the soil column for different mixing rate of the gravel were gradually increased where proportion of the gravel mixed was greater than 70% whereas the effluent was stabilized to the maximum after approximately 45 pore volumes of effluent or greater were collected. The arsenic in the effluent was recovered from the soil columns in which the proportion of arsenopyrite gravel was 60% or greater. The total amount of arsenic recovered as effluent was increased with increasing proportion of gravel in a soil, indicating that the arsenic in the effluent was closely related with gravel fraction of arsenopyrite.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2012

Early growth, pigmentation, protein content, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity of red curly lettuces (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under different lighting conditions were investigated. Fluorescent lamps (control), blue, red, and blue plus red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used as light sources for 10 days. An equal proportion (1:1) of blue and red LEDs was used in the mixed radiation condition. Compared with the control, monochromic red or blue lighting increased fresh and dry weights of 'Ttuksum' and 'Jaju' lettuces. Anthocyanin synthesis was also significantly promoted by the mixed radiation of blue and red LEDs. The mixed radiation also increased the protein content and PAL enzyme activity of 'Ttuksum' leaves by about 200% compared to other treatments. Anthocyanin content was the highest in lettuces subjected to the mixture radiation of blue and red light treatment, while anthocyanin synthesis was inhibited by monochromic red light. The results of the present study indicate that growth and pigment synthesis in lettuces are significantly enhanced by exposure to mixed radiation from blue and red LEDs.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.461-474
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• 2020

Analysing the incompatible deformation and damage evolution around the tunnels in mixed strata is significant for evaluating the tunnel stability, as well as the interaction between the support system and the surrounding rock mass. To investigate this issue, confined compression tests were conducted on upper-soft and lower-hard strata specimens containing a circular hole using a rock testing system, the physical mechanical properties were then investigated. Then, the incompatible deformation and failure modes of the specimens were analysed based on the digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) and Acoustic Emission (AE) data. Finally, numerical simulations were conducted to explore the damage evolution of the mixed strata. The results indicate that at low inclination angles, the deformation and v-shaped notches inside the hole are controlled by the structure plane. Progressive spalling failure occurs at the sidewalls along the structure plane in soft rock. But the transmission of the loading force between the soft rock and hard rock are different in local. At high inclination angles, v-shaped notches are approximately perpendicular to the structure plane, and the soft and hard rock bear common loads. Incompatible deformation between the soft rock and hard rock controls the failure process. At inclination angles of 0°, 30° and 90°, incompatible deformations are closely related to rock damage. At 60°, incompatible deformations and rock damage are discordant due that the soft rock and hard rock alternately bears the major loads during the failure process. The failure trend and modes of the numerical results agree very well with those observed in the experimental results. As the inclination angles increase, the proportion of the shear or tensile damage exhibits a nonlinear increase or decrease, suggesting that the inclination angle of mixed strata may promote shear damage and restrain tensile damage.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1537-1543
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• 2004

본 연구는 아마인유와 채종유내에 들어있는 n-3 지방산의 돈육내 축적효과를 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 3원 교잡종 수퇘지(체중 50 kg) 12마리를 이용하여서 4가지 실험사료중 한가지를 급여하였으며 실험사료는 우지, 아마인유, 채종유 또는 아마인유와 채종유의 혼합유를 함유하였다. 110 kg 시판 체중 도달시에 희생하였다. 아마인유와 채종유속에 들어있는 n-3 지방산은 돼지의 일당증체량, 사료섭취량 및 사료 효율에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 혈액 포화지방산 함량은 우지 첨가구가 가장 높았고 아마인유 첨가구, 채종유 첨가구 또는 혼합유 첨가구는 우지 첨가구보다 11.84%~16.54% 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혈액 n-3 지방산 함량은 우지 첨가구에서는 거의 검출되지 않았으나 아마인유 첨가구, 채종유 첨가구 또는 혼합유 첨가구는 우지 첨가구보다 4.68%~12.83% 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). n-3 고도불포화지방산을 함유하는 3가지 지질 급원 모두는 우지 첨가구에 비교하여 돼지고기 삼겹살 내 $\alpha$-linolenic acid(18:3n-3) 함량을 9.43%까지 유의적으로 높였다(p<0.05). 아마인유 또는 채종유 급여는 삼겹살내 n-3:n-6 비율을 0.68로 높였으며 고도불포화지방산 :포화지방산 비율은 0.70으로 증가시켰다. 결론적으로 아마인유와 채종유 급여에 의해 n-3지방산이 강화된 새로운 기능성 돈육을 생산할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

ESG 등급과 신용등급을 혼합한 기존 연구가 희소하였는데, 본 연구는 메타프론티어 분석을 통해 ESG 등급, 신용등급 그리고 ESG 등급과 신용등급을 동시에 고려한 혼합등급에 있어 우량 그룹과 비우량 그룹 간의 효율성을 비교하였다. 메타프론티어 분석을 이용하여 한국내 상장 제조업체 143개 회사에 대해 KCGS가 그 회사들에게 부여한 ESG 등급과 한국의 3대 신용평가회사가 부여한 신용등급을 기준으로 우량 그룹과 비우량 그룹 간의 효율성을 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과로서, 첫째, 우량 혼합등급 그룹의 메타효율성은 가변수익규모(VRS) 가정 하에서 비우량 혼합등급 그룹에 비해 통계적으로 효율적이었다. 둘째, 우량 ESG 등급 그룹은 비우량 ESG 등급 그룹에 비해 상대적으로 규모비효율 비중이 더 높았다. 셋째, 규모의 경제 측면에서 우량 신용등급 그룹은 비우량 신용등급 그룹에 비해 규모수익체감(DRS) 비중이 더 높았다. 이 연구는 지속가능경영에 관심을 가지고 있는 기업들이 ESG 경영을 하는 데 도움을 줄 것이다.