• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2018

Purpose: To determine the impact of an image processing technique on diagnostic accuracy of digital panoramic radiographs for the assessment of anatomical structures in paediatric patients with mixed dentition. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 50 digital panoramic radiographs of children aged from 6 to 12 years, which were later on processed using a dedicated image processing method. A modified clinical image quality evaluation chart was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of anatomical structures in maxillary and mandibular anterior and maxillary premolar region of processed images. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between pre and post-processed evaluation of anatomical structures(P<0.05) in the maxillary and mandibular anterior region. The anterior region was found to be more accurate in post-processed images. No significant difference was observed in the maxillary premolar region (P>0.05). The Inter-observer and intra-observer reliability of both pre and post processed images were excellent (>0.82) for anterior region and good (>0.63) for premolar region. Conclusion: The application of image processing technique in digital panoramic radiography can be considered a reliable method for improving the quality of anatomical structures in paediatric patients with mixed dentition.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.735-742
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• 1997

Class II malocclusion can be treated via early orthopedic, orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery with orthodontic treatment. In the mixed dentition, early orthopedic treatment can be used. Especially, in the case of mandibular retrognathism, the functional appliances can be used, and in the case of maxillary protrusion is combined, they can be used together with headgear. After using activator and activator combined with headgear to the class II malocclusion paitent in the mixed dentition, the results were as follows: 1. Lateral profile was improved, and lower face height was increaed. 2. Overjet was decreased, and molar relationship was changed to class I molar relationship. 3. Growth can be undisturbed, and the aggravation of malocclusion can be prevented to make the 2nd phase orthodontic treatment be much easier.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.758-762
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• 1997

There are various types of localized tooth malpositions in the mixed dentition, such as abnormal tooth axis, anterior crossbite of some incisors, impaction, midline diastema, ectopic eruption, and so forth. We, Pediatric Dentists, have usually used removable appliances for these instances. But, removable orthodontic appliances, as is known, have marked limitations in some situations, for example, severe rotation, intrusion and extrusion, root torque, closure of large diastema, traction of impacted tooth, etc. In such cases, Whip spring, combined with fixed or removable appliance, can increase utilities of removable orthodontic appliances. The authors have applied whip springs to some cases showing localized positional and arrangement problems, and have witnessed the results as follows; 1. The refined and elaborate control of direction and magnitude of force by the operator, and accurate compliance of the patients were requisite for the treatment with it. 2. It showed special effectiveness for de rotation of incisors. Although it yields some benefit for root movement, the special consideration for incomplete roots in this age bracket was required. 3. In the localized malalignment cases in mixed dentition, uncurable with traditional removable appliances but practically unrealistic with fixed appliance therapy, the whip spring was thought to be a good alternative.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.329-339
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare the palatal dimensions (volume, width, length, and height) in different malocclusions (Class I, II, and III) in mixed dentition using a three-dimensional digital scanner. The study was performed on 30 selected casts from 1400 casts that were taken at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Dankook University. Casts consisted of Class I, II, and III malocclusion groups in Hellman's dental age IIIA. The mean age was 8 years and 6 months ± 11 months. Each cast was scanned by three-dimensional digital scanner, Medit T710 (Medit, Seoul, Korea), and shaped into the three-dimensional image and calculated palatal dimensions using the Plan T program (SMD solution, Seoul, Korea). The values were statistically compared and evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney test. According to our results, subjects with Class II malocclusion showed lower palatal width and longer palatal length compared to those with Class I and Class III. For palatal height, Class III malocclusion subjects in mixed dentition exhibited a larger number than Class II and Class I. Lastly, for palatal volume, compared to other malocclusions, Class III showed higher results; however, there were no significant differences. The form of the palate differs in types of malocclusions and understanding of these differences is important in clinical significance. Based on this study, the understanding of the relationship between the shape of the palate and the skeletal pattern provides useful information about orthodontic treatment plans, early diagnosis of malocclusion, and morphological integration mechanisms. Orthopedic treatment in the maxilla should be performed during early and intermediate mixed dentition to enhance treatment efficiency.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.23 no.1 s.40
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• pp.57-74
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• 1993

Anterior crossbite is a common malocclusion in the early deciduous dentition. Even today, many these malocclusion patients are not treated until the mixed or permanent dentition. And the purpose here is to emphasize the need for early diagnosis and possible treatment for these anterior crossbite malocclusions and their associated facial patterns. Case histories of 4 patients selected from the author's practice are presented. Different methods of treatment are evaluated. Some improvement was achieved in all patients from an early interceptive regimen, although ultimately corrective orthodontic treatment may still be needed in some. It is concluded that early interception of deciduous anterior crossbite malocclusion should by attempted in patients ; there should be no delemma in reaching such a decision. And it is essential for diagnosis and treatment to determine exact variations in growth when some appliance are used, it is recommended that growth-related records be made as early as possible.

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.30.2-31
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• 2003

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2005

Children are in mixed dentition during 6 years after 3 years old. this time is very important for sound permanent dentition. There are many factors of influence to tooth eruption stage ; adjacent teeth, tooth resorption, early loss or retention of deciduous tooth, local lesion, lip and tongue, masticatory muscles, ect. These factors should be in balance, if not, relation of adjacent teeth is changed, then severe malocclusion is occurred maybe. These cases revealed influences of resin bonded metal splint on occlusal surface of children's molar to mixed dentition. Splints interfere with falling off of deciduous tooth, tooth eruption, normal occlusion formation, and development of mixed dentition and occlusion. Therefore we removed the metal splint from teeth, follow-up checked occlusion and tooth eruption.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.169-178
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• 2007

Dental crowding is one of the most common type of malocclusions in the mixed dentition. During the period of transition from the primary to the permanent dentition, minor incisor crowding is often present in the normally developing dentitions, but severe crowding can be caused by arch length/tooth size discrepancy. To determine the need for and appropriate timing of treatment for arch-length discrepancies, clinicians must be knowledgeable about normal development. This paper reviewed the literature on normal dental arch development and proper management of dental crowding according to its severity. Due to variations in the timing and the sequence of permanent tooth eruption, management of dental crowding should be specific to the individual patient.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 1978

The study was to analyze on the hard and soft tissue profiles in mixed dentition. The subject consisted of 100 males and 100 females from 9 to 12 years of age and with a normal occlusion and acceptable profiles. On the basis of SnH line and SnV line, the author traced all the cephalograms and calculated the mean value and standard deviation in each measuring category and evaluated the sexual difference, the proper limit of development. The obtained results were as follows; 1. Individual variations of the lower facial part were larger the upper facial part in depth and height. 2. Sexual difference of lower facial part was significant in depth and height. 3. All the measured values to the SnH and SnV line were larger in male than in female but revealed resemblance in the profilogram. 4. The measured values of the region of nose, upper lip and point A showed stable tendency.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 1980

The purpose of this investigation was to make a comprehensive study and evaluation of the oral hygiene status by considering dental plaque index in 60 children age 7-9. The obtained results were as follows 1) Average plaque index of total mandibular teeth was higher than that of maxillary teeth. (Mandible; 2.14, Maxilla; 1.98) 2) In average plaque index per tooth surface, plaque index of facial surface was higher than that of lingual surface in maxilla and lower in mandible. 3) In mixed dentition, dental plaque occur most frequently and in greater quantity on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary permanent 1st molars and the lingual surfaces of the mandibular anterior permanent incisors.