• 복식
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.181-195
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• 2000

This study was conducted from Sep., 1999. to Nov., 1999. It researched approximately 60 specialized manufacturers who had homepages on the Internet. Of the 60 manufacturers, 20 of them were chosen for the study all of whom had relatively were made homepages that were geared towards sales. 1. Daily Hanboks on the homepages were put in an electronic catalog. They were photographed and well described. Each picture could be enlarged when needed. 2. The Hanbok's were made for men, women and children. There were every couple's Hanboks. The Hanboks used natural material, mixed spinning and chemical textile, which was easily kept and washed. It was intended, as clothes for everyday wear Silk was used for formal clothes. 3. The prices ranged from low-middle to high clothing for everyday life is reasonable and street wear and formal dresses are priced high. The color of the dresses are not vibrant, but natural and light. As Hanboks become more in demand, there will be more choices available. 4. As matter of the sizes shows weakness. In general they use the western size system. The purpose of this study is to show the direction that Hanbok manufacturers may take for the internet sales and for being more active to promote the spread of the dress. This research came to the fellowing conclusion. Even though Hanbok manufacturers operate homepages. it seems that they are not well used. However, many internet shopping malls have been opened and they have put Daily Hanboks into one of their sales categories. The internet malls are getting more active and are expanding more. Therefore the market value of the Hanboks in the future look optimistic. If smaller sized manufacturers of Daily Hanbok's establish cooperative network that have no time and space limit, they can use the strong power of the market as the market development for Daily Hanboks is endless.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2020

Genetic modifications in noncoding regulatory regions are likely critical to human evolution. Human-accelerated noncoding elements are highly conserved noncoding regions among vertebrates but have large differences across humans, which implies human-specific regulatory potential. In this study, we found that human-accelerated noncoding elements were frequently coupled with DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs), together with monomethylated and trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4, which are active regulatory markers. This coupling was particularly pronounced in fetal brains relative to adult brains, non-brain fetal tissues, and embryonic stem cells. However, fetal brain DHSs were also specifically enriched in deeply conserved sequences, implying coexistence of universal maintenance and human-specific fitness in human brain development. We assessed whether this coexisting pattern was a general one by quantitatively measuring evolutionary rates of DHSs. As a result, fetal brain DHSs showed a mixed but distinct signature of regional conservation and outlier point acceleration as compared to other DHSs. This finding suggests that brain developmental sequences are selectively constrained in general, whereas specific nucleotides are under positive selection or constraint relaxation simultaneously. Hence, we hypothesize that human- or primate-specific changes to universally conserved regulatory codes of brain development may drive the accelerated, and most likely adaptive, evolution of the regulatory network of the human brain.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2012

최근 협업을 위한 그리드와 클라우드 컴퓨팅은 사회적 이슈가 되고 있다. 이러한 협업 네트워크 시스템의 기본은 P2P 시스템이다. P2P 시스템은 기존 클라이언트/서버 기술과는 달리 서로의 정보를 교환하기 위해 형태적인 분류에 따라 그 목적과 기능이 나뉜다. 이러한 목적과 기능에 따라 사용자는 정보와 자료의 검색, 원격 프로그램 제어 기능 등을 위한 통합 서비스를 제공한다. 대부분의 P2P 시스템은 클라이언트/서버 형태를 취하고 있지만 확장성과 관리적인 측면에서의 단점을 극복하기 위해 혼합 형태를 적용하는 시스템이 늘고 있다. 그리고 최근 분산 컴퓨팅은 사용자에 대한 서비스적인 측면의 기능을 제공하기 위해서 다양한 요구를 적합하게 수용할 수 있는 다양한 형태의 이동 에이전트 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이동 에이전트에서 필요로 하는 원격자원에 대한 접근을 위한 실행 및 접근 제어와 에이전트의 관리 기능과 신뢰성을 향상시키기 위해 적합한 이동 에이전트 시스템을 제안하고 설계하였으며 개발하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

이 논문에서는 실리콘 기판 등가 회로 모델과 새로운 모델 파라미터 추출 방법을 보인다. 등가 회로 모델을 해석함으로써 회로 블록 사이의 기판 커플링 특성을 고찰하고, 커플링의 크기를 회로 동작 주파수와 특성 주파수(시스템의 폴과 제로 주파수)를 사용하여 분석함으로써 기판 커플링의 물리적 특성을 정량적으로 해석하였다. 제안된 등가회로 모델과 모델 파라미터 추출 방법의 정확성과 타당성을 실험적으로 검증하기 위하여 표준 CMOS 공정을 사용하여 다양한 거리와 기판 저항, 그리고 가드링 구조를 갖는 테스트 패턴을 설계, 제작하고 100 MHz-20 GHz 주파수 영역에서 측정하였다. 그리고 실리콘 기판 등가 회로 모델 을 사용하여 HSPICE를 사용하여 시뮬레이션하고 그 결과를 측정 결과와 비교함으로써 제안된 회로 모델과 파라미터 추출 방법의 정확성을 보였다. 따라서 등가 회로 모델과 파라미터 추출 방법은 정확한 혼성 신호 회로 디자인과 효과적인 시스템의 성능 검증에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

The influence of the emotion of envy as a variable in the brand attitude has increased. This study validates the influence of envy types, brand awareness, and regulatory focus chronic of consumers on favorability of luxury fashion brand. This study was designed with the mixed factorial design of 2 (envy types: benign vs malicious) ${\times}$ 2 (brand awareness types: high vs low) ${\times}$ 2 (regulatory focus chronic types: promotion focus vs prevention focus). The data for this research was collected from a questionnaire distributed to 302 subjects aged between 20 and 39 in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas; consequently, a total of 275 data were analyzed. Data were analyzed with SPSS 23 program and three-way ANOVA, Simple interaction effects and simple main effects analysis were conducted. The results of this research were as follows. First, envy type and brand awareness showed significant interaction for the favorability of a luxury fashion brand. Second, envy type, brand awareness, and consumers' regulatory focus chronic showed significant interaction on the favorability of luxury fashion brand. Based on the findings, the characteristics of consumers' regulatory focus in brand attitude must be taken into consideration by luxury fashion brand marketers. The use of SNS strategies to induce emotions of benign envy through the comparisons to close acquaintances is recommended in order to raise brand preferability.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2016

2015년부터 한국에서 시행된 "탄소배출권 거래제"로 인해 각 분야에서 환경문제에 대응하고자 하는 움직임이 커지고 있다. 특히 환경부하량의 정확한 산출이 어려운 건설 분야에서는 ISO 14040 Series의 LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)를 적용하여 환경부하량을 산출하고자 하는 움직임이 지속되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PSC beam 교량의 시공중 발생하는 환경부하량을 전과정 평가(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA) 방법론을 기반으로 분석하였다. 총 34개의 교량을 대상으로 분석한 결과, 건설 자재별 환경부하량은 레미콘(53.3%), 선재(9.6%), 철근(7.8%), 시멘트(6.8%) 합판(5.5%), 에너지(5.2%) 순으로 도출되었으며, 환경 범주별 환경부하량은 지구온난화(45.5%), 자원고갈(30.4%), 인체독성(10.5%), 광화학산화물생성(8.9%) 순으로 도출되었다. 향후 LCA를 기획 및 설계 단계에서 도입한다면, 환경부하를 고려한 의사결정을 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.188-197
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• 2010

Background: Lichen-derived glucans have been known to stimulate the functions of immune cells. However, immunostimulatory activity of glucan obtained from edible lichen, Umbilicaria esculenta, has not been reported. Thus we evaluated the phenotype and functional maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) following treatment of extracted glucan (PUE). Methods: The phenotypic and functional maturation of PUE-treated DCs was assessed by flow cytometric analysis and cytokine production, respectively. PUE-treated DCs was also used for mixed leukocyte reaction to evaluate T cell-priming capacity. Finally we detected the activation of MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ by immunoblot. Results: Phenotypic maturation of DCs was shown by the elevated expressions of CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class I/II molecules. Functional activation of DCs was proved by increased cytokine production of IL-12, IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IFN-${\alpha}/{\beta}$, decreased endocytosis, and enhanced proliferation of allogenic T cells. Polymyxin B, specific inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), did not affect PUE activity, which suggested that PUE was free of LPS contamination. As a mechanism of action, PUE increased phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs, and enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ p50/p65 in DCs. Conclusion: These results indicate that PUE induced DC maturation via MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathways.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2007

Background: CD40-activated B (CD40-B) cells might be an attractive source of autologous antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for immunotherapy due to the convenience to obtain from peripheral blood and expand in vitro. Moreover, CD40-B cells were found to be comparable with DCs in their capacity to raise antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Here, we have established K562 cells expressing CD40L to expand CD40-activated B cells used for APCs. Methods: After activation of B cell by K562/CD40L, CD40-B cells were examined by counting B cell numbers. Surface expression of CD54, CD80, CD86 and HLA class II was measured by flow cytometry. The CD40-B cells were tested for its function as APC by mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) and by induction of T cell responses specific for pp65 peptide in vitro. Results: The expansion of B cells by K562/CD40L increased about 6-folds compared with anti-CD40 or K562. Furthermore, the expression of CD54, CD80, CD86 and HLA class II was up-regulated by K562/CD40L. B cells by K562/CD40L showed comparable antigen presentation activity with mature DCs as shown in MLR, INF-${\gamma}$ ELISPOT assay. Conclusion: These results suggest that K562/CD40L could be used to generate activated B cells as potent APCs which could be useful for cellular vaccination and adoptive immunotherapy.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2008

This study was conducted in order to recommend forest-based wildlife protection areas in Chung-nam Province using several basic habitat conditions. The conditions used in this study were the forest patch size with the potential to keep wildlife animals safe, the distance from water sources, and the availability of food for wildlife. The fractal dimension index was also used to find the edge line dynamics, which can influence on habitat conditions for edge species. The natural conservation management indices including a forest map (indicating the level of forest age), a slope map, and an elevation map were used to find the forest patches with enough space for wildlife to live on. Water resources and their buffer areas were considered as factors to protect the space as an ecological corridor. Deciduous trees and trees mixed with deciduous trees and conifers were chosen to provide wildlife animals their food. In total, 525 forest patches were chosen and recommended for the wildlife protection area. Five of these forest patches were recommended as wildlife protection areas managed by the provincial government. The other 520 forest patches were recommended to protect local wildlife animals and be managed by each county or city. These forest patches were located around the Geum-buk and Geum-nam mountains, and the forest patches are important resources as habitats to keep wildlife in the area. An ecological network consists of these separate forest patches with the ecological integration. A fractal dimension index was used to divide forest patches into several categories in order to find how patches are shaped. The forest patches with longer edges or more irregular shapes have a much higher possibility of being inhabited by various types of edge species. Through comparison of the wildlife protection areas recommended in this study to the current wildlife protection areas, we recognized that the current wildlife protection areas need boundary adjustments in order for wildlife animals to survive by themselves with water sources and food.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2009

지역 냉난방 시스템은 각 지역에 열 수요를 충족시키는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 논문에서는 수도권 지역난방 연계 지사간의 효율적인 운전을 위한 경제적 운전 프로그램 개발의 필요성을 진단하고 이를 활용할 경우의 예상효과를 분석하였다. 분석대상 지역난방 지사로서는 수도권 지역난방 공급 네트워크로 연계되어 있는 지사들 가운데에서 수서지역을 중심으로 주변의 분당, 일원, 중앙지역을 분석대상 지사들로 선정하여 각 지역의 열 생산량과 열 수요량을 측정하였다. 지역 냉난방 시스템의 운전비용이 최소가 되도록 하는 최적화 시스템의 구성에는 MILP 알고리듬이 이용되었다. 최적화 계산 결과를 토대로 지역간 연계 수열량과 공급비용을 예측하고 모델로부터 계산된 값을 통해 경제성을 분석하였다.