• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.155-168
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• 2011

This study aims at analyzing the Mix & Match fashion trend expressed in the Ready to Wear collections shown in 27 collections of 3 designers(Alexander McQueen, Jean Paul Gaultier, Comme des Gar$\c{c}$ons) over the past five years from 2007S/S to 2011S/S, and the results are as follows. 1) The characteristics were a combination of past and modern, the past and past prominent fashions combined at a different time, these styles and details were seen in Alexander McQueen's collection. 2) The properties of combination were expressed as a clash of cultures, such as East and West or African and European. 3) The characteristics of the combinations were expressed by differences in purpose, such as outer garments or underwear. 4) Artistic combinations of Mixing & Matching happen through a component confusion of art and garments. 5) The characteristics of Mixing & Matching fashion were expressed in images, especially in the case of Jean Paul Gaultier.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.579-590
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• 2014

Purpose: Ball milling is a popular process for obtaining fine powders in the part and material industry. One of important issues in the ball milling is to produce particles with a uniform size. Although many factors affect uniformity of particles, this paper focuses on the choice of ball diameter. Consider a ball milling where balls can be taken with three different diameters. The purpose of this paper is to find a ball mix which minimizes the average particle size. Methods: Ball diameters are selected as 10mm, 3mm, and 0.5mm. In order to find an optimum mixing ratio, the method of mixture experiments is employed in this paper. Taguchi's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for smaller-the-better type is also used to analyze experimental data. Results: According to the experimental result, SNR is maximized when the ball mix is taken as either 7:3:0 or 6:4:0. Such mixing ratios can be technically validated in terms of porosity reduction. Conclusion: The ball mixing technique presented in this paper provides a useful way to improve the production efficiency with a low cost.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.25-34
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• 2000

When concrete is placed underwater, it is diluted with separating cementitious material and as a result the quality of concrete becomes poor. To solve this problem, antiwashout underwater concrete is increasingly used for the construction and repair of the concrete structure underwater. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of antiwashout underwater concrete as to the mix proportion, casting and curing water through experimental researches. The unit weight of water and cement, water-cement ratio, fine aggregate ratio, unit weight of antiwashout underwater agent and superplasticizer, and casting and curing water were chosen to measure the suspended solids, pH, air contents, slump flow, unit weight of hardened concrete, and compressive strength. From this study, the incremental modulus at mix proportion design and unit weight of antiwashout underwater agent were increased more than fresh water, and it is a optimum mix proportion that the unit weight of water(and cement) is 230kg/$\textrm{m}^3$(460kg/$\textrm{m}^3$), waterOcement ratio is 50%, fine aggregate ratio is 40%, unit weight of antiwashout underwater agent is 1.2% of water contents per unit weight of concrete, and unit weight of supeplasticizer is 2.5% of cement contents per unit weight of concrete when the antiwashout underwater concrete is used for the underwater work of ocean.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.253-279
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• 2022

This study investigated and predicted the Marshall stability of glass-fiber asphalt mix, carbon-fiber asphalt mix and glass-carbon-fiber asphalt (hybrid) mix by using machine learning techniques such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest(RF), The data was obtained from the experiments and the research articles. Assessment of results indicated that performance of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model outperformed applied models in training and testing datasets with values of indices as; coefficient of correlation (CC) 0.8492 and 0.8234, mean absolute error (MAE) 2.0999 and 2.5408, root mean squared error (RMSE) 2.8541 and 3.3165, relative absolute error (RAE) 48.16% and 54.05%, relative squared error (RRSE) 53.14% and 57.39%, Willmott's index (WI) 0.7490 and 0.7011, Scattering index (SI) 0.4134 and 0.3702 and BIAS 0.3020 and 0.4300 for both training and testing stages respectively. The Taylor diagram also confirms that the ANN-based model outperforms the other models. Results of sensitivity analysis show that Carbon fiber has a major influence in predicting the Marshall stability. However, the carbon fiber (CF) followed by glass-carbon fiber (50GF:50CF) and the optimal combination CF + (50GF:50CF) are found to be most sensitive in predicting the Marshall stability of fibrous asphalt concrete.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 2024

The technique of experimentally determining concrete's compressive strength for a given mix design is time-consuming and difficult. The goal of the current work is to propose a best working predictive model based on different machine learning algorithms such as Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Stacked Ensemble (SE), Distributed Random Forest (DRF), Extremely Randomized Trees (XRT), Generalized Linear Model (GLM), and Deep Learning (DL) that can forecast the compressive strength of ternary geopolymer concrete mix without carrying out any experimental procedure. A geopolymer mix uses supplementary cementitious materials obtained as industrial by-products instead of cement. The input variables used for assessing the best machine learning algorithm not only include individual ingredient quantities, but molarity of the alkali activator and age of testing as well. Myriad statistical parameters used to measure the effectiveness of the models in forecasting the compressive strength of ternary geopolymer concrete mix, it has been found that GBM performs better than all other algorithms. A sensitivity analysis carried out towards the end of the study suggests that GBM model predicts results close to the experimental conditions with an accuracy between 95.6 % to 98.2 % for testing and training datasets.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.581-594
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• 2015

The emergence of pop art in the 1960s exerted a profound impact on integrating art into the real lives of the general public, which continues in the current area of culture of post-industrial society. Thus, this study aims to attempt the popularization and modernization of Korean images by applying the concept of pop art to the development of a national symbolic image. This study utilized Mugunghwa, Taegeukgi, and the Great Seal, which are national symbolic images that establish the identity of Korea through differentiation, universality, and visual formativeness. It then proceeded with the development of neo-pop art motives and patterns using national symbolic images from the standpoint of symbolism, mix-match, and repetitiveness from among the characteristics of neo-pop art. This study carried out pattern design by departmentalizing each characteristic according to the standpoint of neo-pop art through scribbles composed of the following: Signs, pictograms, and childlike characters; drawing simplification for symbolism; a mix of the East and the West; a mix of subfashion and subculture for mix-match; the repetition of lines, characters, and icons; and the exaggeration and grotesqueness of characters and icons for repetitiveness. This study is expected to serve as momentum for raising the cultural value of Korea and for the development of a pattern design capable of achieving worldwide competitiveness through the combination of the permanence and continuity of national symbols with the popular universality of pop art.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.174-185
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to suggest planning strategy of tenant mix for UEC based on the final result of tenant mix analysis of five different research cases. The following is the comprehensive explanation about the result of tenant mix planning strategy for UEC currently in operation and when planning a new facility. First, overall research cases in this study show the tendency of following an old tradition, which stresses direct sales focusing on retail and dining adaptation. In order to compensate the defect, it is suggested to adopt new type of tenants with the functional mix of retail and dining with entertainment rather than decreasing the proportion of retail and dining tenant and increasing it of entertainment tenant. Second, the floorplan of UEC should adopt racetrack or circuit form that can stimulate shoppers' circular movement so to expose them to as much tenants as possible. Service consumption mode related tenants are required to place on the side or the edge of UEC, while retail consumption mode related tenants should be planned in the center. Among dining consumption mode related tenants, impulse dining tenants like a coffee shop should be placed at the turning point or at the end of the pathway, destination tenants like a restaurant and a food court, on the other hand, is needed to be placed in the center of the space. In case of Entertainment related tenants, destination tenants like bookstore or multiplex should also be placed at the end of the pathway, and on the way to those tenants, it is required to place general tenants that can share target customers with them. On the contrary, game center or record shop like tenants that can stimulate impulse sales should be placed on the visitor's main move or near the other destination tenants. Third, anchor tenants play an important role in gathering people to the UEC, and then induce them to visit the other tenants that are located near the anchors. Thus it is suggested to plan to place general tenants on the same floor as anchor tenants are placed so they can share the characteristics of target customers which create synergy effect.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.335-345
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• 2021

It is known from the literature that there are relatively few studies on the engineering properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) in early age. In fact, in order to ensure the safety of UHPC during construction and sufficient durability and long-term performance, it is necessary to explore the early behavior of UHPC. The test parameters (test control factors) investigated included the percentage of cement replaced by silica fume (SF), the percentage of cement replaced by ultra-fine silica powder (SFP), the amount of steel fiber (volume percent), and the amount of polypropylene fiber (volume percentage). The engineering properties of UHPC in the fresh mixing stage and at the age of 7 days were investigated. These properties include freshly mixed properties (slump, slump flow, and unit weight) and hardened mechanical properties (compressive strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength). Moreover, the effects of the experimental factors on the performance of the tested UHPC were evaluated by range analysis and variance analysis. The experiment results showed that the compressive strength of the C8 mix at the age of 7 days was highest of 111.5 MPa, and the compressive strength of the C1 mix at the age of 28 days was the highest of 128.1 MPa. In addition, the 28-day compressive strength in each experimental group increased by 13%-34% compared to the 7-day compressive strength. In terms of hardened mechanical properties, the performance of each experimental group was superior to that of the control group (without fiber and without additional binder materials), with considerable improvement, and the experimental group did not produce explosive or brittle damage after the test. Further, the flexural test process found that all test specimens exhibited deflection-hardening behavior, resulting in continued to increase carrying capacity after the first crack.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to propose a reliable mixing design procedure of concrete using artificial lightweight aggregate produced from expanded bottom ash and dredged soil. Based on test results obtained from 25 mixes, empirical equations to determine water-to-cement ratio, unit cement content, and replacement level of lightweight fine aggregates were formulated with regard to the targeted performance (compressive strength, dry density, initial slump, and air content) of lightweight aggregate concrete. From the proposed equations and absolute volume mixing concept, unit weight of each ingredient was calculated. The proposed mix design procedure limits the fine aggregate-to-total aggregate ratio by considering the replacement level of lightweight fine aggregates, different to previous approach for expanded fly ash and clay-based lightweight aggregate concrete. Thus, it is expected that the proposed procedure is effectively applied for determining the first trial mixing proportions for the designed requirements of concrete.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.149-163
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• 2017

With the intensification of urban development in Chinese cities, mixed land use in urban centers extends vertically into 3-D and expands its scale from a single building to commercial clusters. The multi-level pedestrian system in city centers also changed its role from one of traffic isolation to spatial integration, where transit nodes, street sidewalks, squares, building entrances, atriums, and corridors are interconnected, both horizontally and vertically, into a whole spatial system, within which pedestrian flows are guided and shopping facilities are arranged. This paper uses spatial configuration analysis of space syntax to examine the impacts of spatial patterns on movement distribution and the business performance of tenant mix in the multi-level commercial system of the Nanshan Commercial Cultural District in Shenzhen, China. The key objective is to better understand the interactions between the socio-economic variables and spatial design parameters of a shopping complex. The research findings point to the importance of multiplicity between syntactic variables and other spatial variables in influencing the pedestrian flows, business performance and tenant mix in highly complex commercial systems. Particularly noteworthy is the relationship between spatial accessibility measures and the location of escalators, and the ways in which individual commercial buildings are embedded into the overall spatial system. The study suggests that this may lead to the preliminary identification of the spatial qualities of effective vertical extensions of mixed land use in a high-density urban settings.