• Journal of Species Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2023

Three newly recorded rotifers were collected through surveys of several islands in Korea: Lecane perplexa (Ahlstrom, 1938); Lindia torulosa Dujardin, 1841; and Monommata maculata Harring & Myers, 1930. These species represent 24th, second, and third records of each genus discovered in Korea, respectively. Lecane perplexa and Monommata maculata, were collected from reservoirs using plankton nets, whereas Lindia torulosa was collected from a soil sample. The morphological characteristics of the discovered species are as follows: Lecane perplexa is characterized by a straight or slightly concave anterior margin of the lorica, an incomplete transverse fold on the ventral lorica, and a single toe with pseudoclaws and accessory claws; Lindia torulosa has an illoricated and vermiform body, a head with rostrum, a pair of auricles, cardate type trophi, and distinctively shaped epipharynx components; and Monommata maculata is characterized by long toes, an inner margin of rami with 10-12 serrated teeth, 3-4 large teeth, and interlocking teeth. Here, the morphological characteristics of the three Korean monogonont rotifers, which include trophi photographs, are presented. In addition, partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of each species are presented.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2022

Leptochiton Gray, 1847 is one of the most ancient chiton groups which includes more than 130 species that occur in cold and deep waters worldwide. Due to their small-sized body, they are often confused as juveniles of other chiton species. Moreover, lack of morphological information makes species identification of this group very challenging. To date, only two Leptochiton species(L. fuliginatus and L. rugatus) have been reported from Korean waters. In this study, we found L. hakodatensis(Thiele, 1909) for the first time in Korea and described microscopic morphological characters of valves (tegmentum sculpture), girdle scale, and radula using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Leptochiton hakodatensis is morphologically similar to L. fuliginatus and L. rugatus, but differently characterized by having dorso-ventrally rounded (not carinated) intermediate valves, girdle (perinotum) scales sculptured with 4-7 longitudinal ribs, and bicuspid major lateral teeth of radula. In addition to morphological examination, we determined the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(cox1) as a DNA barcode sequence information. This is the first report that describes microscopic characters (tegmentum of valves, girdle structure, and radula) of L. hakodatensis using a SEM. This study provides a morphological basis for describing Leptochiton species and discovery of a "hidden" species of this genus.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.916-922
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• 2023

An abnormal shape of Bathyraja brachyurops was first reported from the catch of a bottom trawl in the southwest Atlantic Ocean in June 2022. Both pectoral fins of the specimen did not fuse with the head, resulting in a horn-like structure separated from the sides of the eyes. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences showed that our specimen was perfectly matched to Bathyraja brachyurops registered with the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Our specimen possessed the following morphological features: a pair of flexible but elongated and pointed horns on the head; rough dorsal disc, densely covered with numerous small denticles on the head, anterior margin of pectoral fins and median line of the disc; a thorn between the first and second dorsal fins; and a pair of large ocelli at the base of pectoral fins. Unlike the normal B. brachyurops, our specimen had a slender clasper and no nuchal thorns, which may be related to the morphological abnormality. The horn-like structure on the head may be owing to the lack of fusion between the pectoral fins and head during early embryonic development.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.254-263
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• 2023

Two feather mites, Brephosceles anatina Dubinin, 1951 (Analgoidea: Alloptidae) and Freyana anatina (Koch, 1844) (Pterolichoidea: Freyanidae), have been reported for the first time from the Eastern Spot-billed Duck, Anas zonorhyncha Swinhoe, 1866 (Anseriformes: Anatidae), in Korea. The genera Brephosceles Hull, 1934 and Freyana Haller, 1877 are new records of Korean fauna. The morphology of B. anatina is distinguished from three species of the lambda species group in having legs IV extending the level of setae e2 with the distal end of the tarsus in males, and the incision on the posterior margin of the hysteronotal shield triangular-shaped and distinctly longer than its greatest width in females. Freyana anatina is distinguished from F. nyrocae and F. obliquasetae in having setae ps1 with a rectangle bend in homeomorphic males, and setae ps1 obliquely ovate and divergent, with the inner canal going obliquely across the membranous part of these setae in females. This study provides morphological redescriptions of both feather mite species supplemented with partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI), based on specimens collected in Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 1997

We tried to compare the three kinds oi Metagonimur species. M. Wokognulci, Ifetafonimus Miyata type, and M. tnknhashii, which were Know to be distributed in Korea with polymerase chain reaction based-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) patterns. We amplified the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITSI) site of ribosomal RNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mCOI) gene. The restriction patterns of ITSI gene loth Rsc I, ALu I and Msp I showed multiple fragmented bands of different sizes between three kinds of Metcgonimus. In case of mc01 gene, Rsc I and Alu I enzymes produced differentially fragmented band patterns. According to the parsimony analysis of PCR-RFLP patterns, the estimated genetic divergence between M Wokognwai and Metasoninus Miyata type was 0.034880, between Metusoninus Miyata type and M. tckc- hushii was 0.028098, between M. wokogawai and M. tnkahashii was 0.018179. It is suggested that Metasonimus Miyata type may be separate species and evolutionize at the older time than the other two species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.349-353
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• 2015

Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.), Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi (=A. simplex sp. C), and Anisakis typica are the 4 major species of Anisakis type I larvae. In the Republic of Korea (Korea), A. pegreffii, A. berlandi, and A. typica larvae in fish hosts has seldom been documented. In this study, molecular analysis was performed on Anisakis larvae from the sea eels (Astroconger myriaster), the major source of human anisakiasis in Korea, collected from Tongyeong City, a southern coastal area of Korea. All 20 sea eels examined were infected with Anisakis type I larvae (160 larvae; 8 per fish). Their species were analyzed using PCR-RFLP patterns and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, 5.8 subunit gene, and ITS2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 2 (cox2). Most (86.8%; 112/129) of the Anisakis type I larvae were A. pegreffii, and 7.8% (10/129) were A. typica. The remaining 5.4% (7/129) was not identified. Thus, A. pegreffii is the major species of anisakid larvae in sea eels of the southern coast of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.199-206
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• 2024

A single specimen belonging to the family Carangidae was first collected by angling in Seogwi-dong, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do on 16 October 2023. This individual was identified as Caranx papuensis Alleyne & MacLeay based on morphological traits as following: lateral line gently curving below the first dorsal fin, presence of scaleless area on the thorax, and gill rakers 26. A total of 619 base pairs sequences of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I region was analyzed, and we found it closely matched to the Japanese C. papuensis (K2P distance=0.54%). We propose its new Korean name "Hwang-jul-jeon-gang-i" based on a yellow band along the lateral line.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.471-474
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• 2013

Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense has been reported in Korea as Diphyllobothrium latum because of their close morphologic resemblance. We have identified a human case of D. nihonkaiense infection using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene sequence analysis. On 18 February 2012, a patient who had consumed raw fish a month earlier visited our outpatient clinic with a long tapeworm parasite excreted in the feces. The body of the segmented worm was 2 m long and divided into the scolex (head) and proglottids. It was morphologically close to D. nihonkaiense and D. latum. The cox1 gene analysis showed 99.4% (340/342 bp) homology with D. nihonkaiense but only 91.8% (314/342 bp) homology with D. latum. The present study suggested that the Diphyllobothrium spp. infection in Korea should be analyzed with specific DNA sequence for an accurate species identification.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.359-364
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• 2018

The taxonomy of Spirometra species has been controversial despite the medical and veterinary importance. Currently, only a few Spirometra species are considered valid species in the genus Spirometra. In the present study, the distribution of Spirometra species obtained from animals in Korea were identified by molecular analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene. A total of 28 Spirometra species specimens were analyzed. These were all collected between 1973 and 2008 in the Republic of Korea. Mitochondrial cox1 sequences were examined for a total of 28 specimens comprising 14 S. decipiens and 14 S. ranarum. The difference in partial cox1 sequences (316 bp) between S. erinaceieuropaei (KJ599680) and S. ranarum (this study) was 9.3%, while that between S. decipiens (KJ599679) and S. ranarum (this study) was 2.2%. Genetic analyses identified 2 Spirometra species in animals such as cat, leopard cat, dog, duck and snake in Korea as S. decipiens and S. ranarum. S. decipiens and S. ranarum were present in Gyeongnam Province (P), Jeonnam P, Gangwon P, Chungbuk P, and Seoul. S. decipiens was found in tadpoles, snakes, ducks, cats, leopard cats and dogs, while S. ranarum was found in cats and dogs. The ratio of S. decipiens:S. ranarum calculated from the molecular data was 14:14 (or 1:1). These results indicate that S. decipiens and S. ranarum are sympatrically distributed in Korea.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.574-580
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• 2020

In this study we sought to determine the food fraud by discriminating species of commercial seafood product such as Larimichthys polyactis, Larimichthys crocea, Pennahia argentatus, and Miichthys miiuy, which are difficult to morphologically discriminate. After amplifying the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of the reference fish, the DNA sequences of the amplified PCR products were analyzed. As a result, a 655 bp sequence for species identification was selected for use as DNA barcodes. To confirm the DNA data and primer set, the DNA barcode sequence of each fish was compared to that in that in the NCBI. All of the DNA barcode data were matched with the gene sequence of each fish in the NCBI. A total of 32 processed seafood products (8 L. polyactis, 12 L. crocea, 3 Pennahia argentatus, and 9 Miichthys miiuy) were investigated. Homology of 97% or more in DNA sequences was judged as the same species. As a result of the monitoring, there were no discovered cases of forgery or alteration. However, the use of a raw material name having no matching standard name in the Korea Food Code may cause consumer confusion. Therefore, it is suggested that the standard name or scientific name be co-labeled with the raw material name on seafood products to prevent consumer confusion.