• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.11
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• pp.71-78
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• 1995

Based on the popular 4-transistor SRAM cell, an analytical expression of the minimum cell ratio was derived by modeling the static read operation. By analyzing the relatively simple expression for the minimum cell ratio, which was derived assuming the ideal transistor characteristics, effects of the changes in supply voltage and process parameters on the minimum cell ratio was predicted, and the minimum power supply voltage for read operation was determined. The results were verified by simulations utilizing the suggested simulation method, which is suitable for monitoring the lower limit of supply voltage for proper cell operation. From the analysis, it was shown that the worst condition for cell operation is low temperature and low supply voltage, and that the operation margin can be effectively improved by reducing the threshold voltage of the cell transistors.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.570-575
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• 2001

The minimum duration outage probability of a cellular system is defined the probability that the received signal level is hold under minimum required threshold duration. This definition is more realistic compared to the outage probability which is the received signal strength level is below predefined threshold level. Especially, in a DS-CDMA cellular system the received signal-to-interference ratio is a function of cell traffic, while the former researches are only considered the minimum duration outage probability independent of the cell traffic. We noticed that the minimum outage probability is rapidly increases as cell traffic increase.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.2443-2449
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• 2015

Downlink (DL) data rate for a MS is influenced by not only the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) but also the amount of radio resources allocated to the MS. Therefore, when a MS uses SINR to select a cell to associate with, it cannot receive the fastest DL data rate all the time if it associates with a congested cell. Moreover, the SINR-based cell selection may result in cell loads unbalance, which decreases the efficiency of a network. To address the issue, we propose a novel cell selection method by considering not only SINR but also a cell load which are combined into two cell selection criteria. One is the maximum achievable data rate and the other is the minimum outage probability. The simulation results show that the cell selection based on the maximum achievable data rate is superior to the SINR-based method and the method using the minimum outage probability in terms of the system efficiency and the fairness in cell loads while the cell selection method based on the minimum outage probability is superior to the others in terms of the outage probability of a MS.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 1999

The two optimal control algorithms, singular approximation and minimum principle, were compared in this paper. The switching time with singular approximation was determined with mathematical derivation and the optimal control profile of specific growth rate was also calculated with minimum principle. The optimal control profiles were calculated by making simple model correlating the specific cell growth rate and specific product formation rate. The optimal control profiles calculated by singular approximation approach were similar to stepwise form of those calculatd by minimum principles. With the minimum principle, the product concentration was 8% more than that of singular approximation. This performance difference was due to a linearization of a nonlinear function with singular approximation. This optimal approaches were applicable to any system with different optimal cell growth and product formation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.639-647
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• 1990

Dynamic time warp(DTW) needs for interative calculations and the design of PE cell suitable for the operations is very important. Accordingly, this paper aims at the real time recognition design which enables large dictionary hardware realization using DTW algorithm. The DTW PE cell is seperated into three large blocks. "MIN" is the one block for counting accumulated minimum distance, "ADD" block calculates these minimum distances, and "ABS" seeks for the absolute values to the total sum of local distances. We have accomplisehd circuit design and verification for the MIN blocks, and performed MIN layout and DRC(design rule check) using 3um CMOS N-Well rule base.ing 3um CMOS N-Well rule base.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 2000

In this study the effects of block distance have been investigated on the particle deposition efficiency in the collecting cell of two-stage electrostatic precipitator by numerical analysis. Particle trajectories have been changed by the electrostatic and inertial force of particle with the inlet velocity electrostatic number and particle diameter. The total deposition efficiency has a minimum value by the interaction between the effect of particle inertial force and electrostatic force in the collecting cell. The increase of block distance makes the total deposition efficiency decrease under the range of the particle size which has the minimum deposition efficiency. However beyond the range of particle size which has minimum deposition efficiency total deposition efficiency has no trend with the variation of block distance.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.328-330
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• 2010

In this study, we demonstrate that equol has fungicidal activities against Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentrations of equol against C. albicans were 516 and $1,032{\mu}M$, respectively. Two separate viability assays found that equol changed the integrity of the C. albicans cell membrane, possibly by formation of membrane lesions. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated ultrastructural changes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.263-266
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• 1998

Several constraints in machine duplication cost, machining capability, cell space capacity, intercell moves and exceptional elements(EEs) are main problems that prevent achieving the goal of ideal Cellular Manufacturin System (CMS) environment. Minimizing intercell part traffics and EEs are the main objective of the cell formation problem as it's a critical point that improving production efficiency. Because the intercell moves could be changed according to the sequence of operation, it should be considered in assigning parts and machines to machine cells. This paper presents a method that eliminates EEs under the constraints of machine duplication cost and cell space capacity attaining two goals of minimizing machine duplications and minimizing intercell moves simultaneously. Developing an algorithm that calculates the machine duplications by cell-machine incidence matrix and part-machine incidence matrix, and calculates the exact intercell moves considering the sequence of operation. Based on the number of machine duplications and exact intercell moves, the goal programming model which satisfying minimum machine duplications and minimum intercell moves is developed. A linear programming model is suggested that could calculates more effectively without damaging optimal solution. A numerical example is provided to illustrate these methods.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.2B no.4
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• pp.183-190
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• 2002

This paper presents an improved Zero Voltage/Zero Current Switching (ZVZCS) commutation cell with minimum additional components, which provides soft switching at both turn-on and turn-off of main and auxiliary switches as well as diodes in a PWM DC/DC converter. The proposed soft-switching technique is suitable for not only minority, but also majority carrier semiconductor devices. The auxiliary switch of the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell is in parallel with the main switch, and therefore, the main switch and the diode are free of currentstress. The operation principles of the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell are theoretically analyzed using the PWM boost converter topology as an example. The validity of the PWM boost converter topology with the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell is verified through theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.2221-2221
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• 2002

The first laboratory culture of host-parasite system of Prorocentrum minimum- Amoebophrya sp. was established by single cell isolation method. Here, we report the life cycle stages of the parasitic dinoflagellate. Amoebophrya sp. of the red tide dinoflagellate P. minimum as observed by light and epifluorescence microscopy. Infections developed inside the nucleus of P. minimum. The trophont developed to occupy almost all the intracellular space of the host at its late stage. The fully developed trophont finally ruptured through the host cell. “Vermiform stage”, the free-swimming extracellular lift cycle stage is followed by another stage for the sudden release of many individual dinospores. Our laboratory strain of the host-parasite system for P. minimum, a causative species fur the huge red tides in spring and summer in Korean coastal waters, could be a useful living material for the in situ biological control of harmful algal blooms.