• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.354-359
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate exposure levels to K2 rifle noise at a military rifle range among soldiers in training, the left and right ears of shooters, and control managers in the day and night times. Methods: For this study, we visited military rifle ranges and measured the noise of a K2 rifle with a sound level meter (3M Quest SoundPro$^{TM}$) at four different locations with values of Peak (dB(A)) and Max (dB(A)). Results: The highest peak value of impulse noise level averaged 150.4 dB(A), ranging from 149.7 to 150.5 dB(A) at the left-ear side. Impulse noise levels in the daytime were also recorded as higher than during the night. This result was significantly different between daytime and nighttime locations, such as soldier training, right ear of shooter, and control manager (P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study confirmed that there is a need for proper management of impulse noise at military rifle ranges.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.497-505
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• 2022

This study was conducted to confirm the effect of noise generated by military training on the life satisfaction of residents living near military facilities. In 2017, an interview survey was conducted on 904 adult residents living near military facilities. The life satisfaction score of the survey subjects was analyzed to be 3.17 out of a total of 5 points, which was confirmed to be lower than that of previous studies on adults. Factors influencing the life satisfaction of residents around military facilities were analyzed. Life satisfaction as dependent variables, demographic factors and physical damage experience factors, and mental damage experience factors were selected as independent variables. As a result of regression analysis, it was analyzed that monthly average household income (coef.=0.09, p<0.001), emotional anxiety (coef.=-0.34, p<0.001), and stress (coef.=-0.05, p<0.001) affected life satisfaction. This study is expected to be used as basic data for establishing policies to improve the life satisfaction of residents living in areas around military facilities.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.123-132
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• 2009

Civil petitions and law suits against the military rifle shooting noise have been increased because many military shooting ranges are located near civilian residential area. In order to solve the noise problems, military have devised various methods. In this study, propagation properties of rifle shot through atmosphere were investigated. The military rifle shooting noise level at 5m from muzzle was between $l14{\sim}120dB$ in all directions. The noise level loom both backward and sideward away from system firing range consisting lines of 8 shooting locations were 90dB, when shots were all fired within 10 seconds. At present some of military bases established sound barriers, muzzle enclosures, silencers, and indoor shooting ranges to reduce noises and these prevention methods can reduce noise by $5{\sim}20dB,\;5{\sim}9dB,\;5{\sim}13dB,\;40{\sim}50dB$, respectively. Even though indoor shooting range has the best performance, it requires very expensive construction cost and has short length between target and shooter. In comparison, muzzle enclosure is cheap, but because it is installed in fixed position it can only be used in one shooting position. Therefore a commander should select appropriate methods to reduce military rifle shooting noise considering distance from residential area to the range, mission of military training, budget, etc.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.812-816
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• 1994

Gardermoen is chosen as the location for a new major airport for the Oslo area, The site is surrounded by various units and camps operated by the Norwegian national defence. A study was carried out to evaluate whether the occurrence of aircraft noise may result in the national defence having to restrict operations in established camps, and in areas where outdoor exercise, training and instruction are beeing carried out.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.963-969
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• 2018

According to the dictionary definition Augmented Reality Technology is "an enhanced version of reality where live direct or indirect views of physical real-world environments are augmented with superimposed computer-generated images over a user's view of the real-world, thus enhancing one's current perception of reality". Since civilian property damages, noise and accidents during the field exercise by military or drills so that AR technology are indispensible with small units drills in Army. However because AR technology which Army has adopted are usually use for special units or need separate spaces which costs lots of budgets, those are not fit for small unit drills or tactics in regular Army. In this regards this paper suggests the AR technology which can apply small unit drill field and the efficiency and legal concerns thereof as well.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.554-564
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• 2020

In environment of torpedo firing, underwater acoustic signal is generated by target and noise. Sound wave which is generated from acoustic signal is propagated by seawater and it is received through the sonar(sound navigation and ranging) system mounted on torpedo. In the ocean, acoustic signal or sound wave from target that is generated by the spread of broadband can be attenuated by ambient noise and can be lost by medium and environment. This research is designed to support teamwork training in Naval operations by constructing a simulation system that is more similar to the real-world conditions. This paper attempts to research the modeling of target detection and to develop the simulation of torpedo sonar(TOSO). In order to develop the realistic simulation, we researched the broadband sound modeling of target and noise source, the modeling of acoustic transmission loss by chemical component of seawater, and the modeling of signal attenuation by ambient noise environment which is approximated by experimental measurements in seawater surrounding the Korea Peninsular and by experience of Navy's actual torpedo firing. This research contributed to constructing more practical simulation of torpedo firing in real time and the results of this research were used to develop a teamwork training system for the Navy and their education.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.412-419
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• 2016

The firing noise produced at artillery test range or military training ground is impulsive burst noise which energy is generated within tens of milliseconds and distributed an isolated burst of sound energy separated to one by one noise. The long range propagation of this noise is affected by a caliber of gun, amount of propellant, distance between source and receiver, ground and meteorological condition. In this paper, main influence parameters have been described based on experimental analysis of measured data. It is considered that this analysis result can be used as useful materials for study of effective firing noise management and development of propagation model.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.833-839
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• 2014

The shooting noise caused by shooting training, which has strength and impacts, is becoming a serious damage to the residents around the shooting range and, consequently, the number of civil appeals against the shooting noise is on the constant increase. For this reason, the military examines the effects of the shooting noise at the stage of design in constructing a shooting range and tries to build a soundproof shooting range to minimize civil appeals. However, the lack of research and data concerning propagation and attenuation, both of which characterize the shooting noise from within a soundproof shooting range, even makes it so difficult to design a soundproof shooting range in constructing it. So this study used an acoustic simulation in a soundproof shooting range to identify acoustic and propagation characteristics within the shooting range and, on this basis, predicted the noise level at an exit of the soundproof shooting range. As a result, if the form and specifications of a soundproof shooting range were decided on at the stage of design, it was possible to use a simulation to design a soundproof shooting range with optimized acoustic performance and, on this basis, to predict a sound pressure level at an exit of the soundproof shooting range. On the basis of these data, it is probably possible to determine the degree of the effects of the shooting noise on the villages around a shooting range and the extent of damage to it and to minimize civil appeals against the shooting noise and resolve the issues of compensation and agreement with ease. This study is expected to provide useful data for designing and constructing a similar soundproof shooting range.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2000

A target signal simulation method for passive sonar systems is introduced. The method uses multirate signal processing techniques to simulate moving target signals in the multi-path sound propagation environment by introducing Lloyd's mirror and Doppler effect. Time and frequency variation of target signal due to the target maneuvering is also considered to provide realistic ship signatures in the LOFAR gram so that the simulated target is used for sonar operator training. Synthesized target characteristics is analyzed and compared with real target signal in terms of interference pattern and frequency variation in the LOFAR gram.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.36-43
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• 2003

Multi-target away signal simulator which can simulate the radiated noises of maneuvering targets in a specified ocean range is an essential equipment for the validation of developed towed array sonar system. This simulator should provide realistic multi-channel signals those are required for beamforming on the signal processing unit of towed away system. This paper describes the overall system configuration and signal synthesis techniques for the target radiated noise. And this paper considers why the time delays between target and individual sensors are caused and how to compensate these time delays to individual sensors output. This multi-purpose target simulator could be used for the training of TASS operators.