• Title/Summary/Keyword: Military Symbol

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A Study on Military Symbology Standardization for Cyber Operations (사이버 작전 군대부호 표준화에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jongkwan;Lee, Minwoo;Kim, Jonghwa;Kim, Jongkwa;Lee, Jaeyeon;Oh, Haengrok
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.149-158
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    • 2021
  • In this paper, we propose military symbols for cyber operations to understand the situation in cyberspace intuitively. Currently, standardized military symbols are mainly for kinetic operations, and they do not consider cyber operations. Although, MIL-STD-2525D includes some symbols for cyber operations, only icons that are composed of three letters are standardized. So there is a limit to effectively expressing cyber operations. That is why we propose military symbols for cyber operations compatible with existing military symbol building rules. In addition to merely presenting the symbols, we present examples of expressing various cyber situations using the proposed symbols. It proves the usefulness of the proposed symbol. The small number of symbols proposed in this paper will not be able to represent all cyber situations. However, based on the proposed symbols, it is expected that more symbols will be standardized in the future to more clearly express the cyber situation.

Development of symbol generator software (심볼 생성기용 소프트웨어 개발)

  • Park,Deok-Bae;Lee,Jae-Eok
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.31 no.9
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    • pp.94-102
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    • 2003
  • This paper describes the development and implementation for the SYMBOLGEN(SYMBOL GENerator) software. The SYMBOL-GEN software is for improving graphic processing speed and decreasing data communication load in ASC by genera ting and downloading off-line symbol file for HUD and MFD , which are the main display equipments in military aircraft. The SYMBOL-GEN is developed on PC using C++ language and MS Visual Studio 6.0 development tool. It is also designed to be modified and extended easily by introducing object-oriented software development technique.

A Channel Allocation and Data Delivery Scheme Considering Channel Overlapping in Wireless Tactical Networks (군 전술망의 무선 이동 통신 체계의 통신 범위 중첩을 고려한 채널 할당 기법과 데이터 전달 기법)

  • Shin, Hyun-Sup;Chae, Sung-Yoon;Kang, Kyung-Ran;Cho, Young-Jong
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.501-508
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we propose a channel allocation algorithm of MSAP(Mobile Subscriber Access Point) and data delivery scheme exploiting the symbol level network coding. The network is comprised of TS(Tactical Switch) as a backbone node, MSAPs, and TMFTs(Tactical Multi-Function Terminal). The TS performs the channel allocation considering the communication range overlapping between the neighboring MSAPs and applies the symbol level network coding, if necessary, depending on the position of the TMFTs. Assuming the number of available antennas of TMFT and MSAP will be extended to two from one, we propose two schemes: single mode and dual mode. Through the simulation, we show that the proposed delivery scheme provides higher delivery ratio and lower delivery delay compared with the legacy store-and-forward scheme.

Border Guard/Reconnaissance Communication Terminal for Providing Variable Frame Structure and Method for Altering the Frame Structure (가변 프레임 구조를 지원하는 국경 감시/정찰용 통신 단말 및 프레임 구조 가변 방법)

  • Kim, Janghun;Han, Chulhee;Seo, Bongyong
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.50-56
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    • 2016
  • This paper is about the implementation of the OFDM-based border guard/reconnaissance communication terminal systems. We have implemented Real-time Dynamic DL/UL symbol rate control function using the DL-MAP message, and proposed error detection method caused by malfunctioning and timing optimization method. The proposed scheme detects the variable rate symbol decoding timing without increasing additional physical layer logic, and also provides a wide variety of DL/UL data transfer rate. Furthermore, the proposed scheme applies to the current border guard/reconnaissance equipment and confirms a operation performance through field tests and demonstration at home and abroad.

A Study on the military uniforms -Based on strategical changes and innovations of military firearms- (군복에 대한 연구 -무기발달과 전술변화를 중심으로-)

  • 한순자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.32
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    • pp.243-259
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    • 1997
  • The object of this research is to inform readers of the chronikal change of Military Uniform in wars how the features and colors of uniforms have been changed along with the innovations of firearms. Military uniforms can be put into two differ-ent categories which are 'Battle wear' and 'Rank wear' A battle wear features of protec-tion and user fiendliness, These features of a battle wear can possibly minimize injuries and help increase the level of battling perform-ance. On the other hand a rank wear help dis-tinguish soldiers from their ranks and posi-tions. A rank wear symbolizs the pride that soldiers take n their unit and by wearing a rank wear soldiers feel more attached to their collegues and unit. Concrete process of military uniforms is as follows. 1. As firearms were innovated corres-pondant innovation of military uniforms were also needed this innovation were in the formstructure design color etc. 2. In the beginning features of military uniforms changed toward protection and then after social status of solders rised features changed forward show-off Finally as firearms became more fortal camouflage became the most significant feature of the military uniforms. 3. During war colors of military uniforms tended to be a means of show -off and camou- flage and while not in war they functioned as symbol which represent froops and the unit is tradition. 4. Other accessaries support the perforance and the symbolical function of uniforms.

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Performance Comparison of OFDM and FMT Systems under Jamming Environment (재밍 환경 하에서 OFDM과 FMT 시스템의 성능 비교)

  • Kim, Jong-Mann
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.100-106
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, the performance of OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and FMT(Filtered Multi-tone) Systems is compared under jamming environment. Two systems are multi-carrier systems to improve data rates. Through the comparison of two systems under jamming environment, the characteristics and strong/weak points of each system are analyzed.

Performance Analysis of Follower Noise Jamming Considering Tracking Parameters against Frequency Hopping Signals (추적 파라미터를 고려한 주파수 도약신호 추적 잡음 재밍의 성능 분석)

  • Lee, Chi-Ho;Jo, Sung-Jin;Ryu, Jeong-Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.67-75
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we analyze the performance of Follower Noise Jamming(FNJ) considering three practical tracking parameters such as tracking bandwidth, tracking time and tracking success probability. The performance of FNJ is compared with that of Partial-Band Noise Jamming(PBNJ) in terms of Symbol Error Rate(SER) at the communication receiver under the assumed typical operation model. It is observed that the performance of FNJ is non-linearly dependent on the tracking bandwidth, the tracking time and the tracking success probability. As we can easily expect, it is also observed that the performance of FNJ is better than that of the PBNJ. Finally, it is shown that, for a fixed tracking bandwidth, the combinations of the required tracking time and the tracking success probability which satisfy a certain required SER.

A Study on the History of the Western Military Costume (西洋 軍服의 變遷過程에 관한 硏究)

  • 한순자;이순홍
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.458-484
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    • 2001
  • The costume originated from the idea that it could protect human beings from ferocious beasts. The military costume was from protection against an enemy equipped with weapons. Furthermore, the makers of the costume were afraid of supernatural powers and it made them devise an armour and decorate it by the concept of superstition for the purpose of overcoming it. The function of military uniform was important for increasing the protection against any enemies while they join in battle. However in harmonious time, it represented artwork of peace, dignity, and order. Since the uniform was a king of symbol to show their position, and their role. They could feel proud as a member of a military group they belong to and they gain honor, courage, patriotic sentiment through their military costume. The purpose of this study was to investigate the originality the military costume as it changed and developed continuously from ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome to modern times. This study was performed to show the comparison and characteristic marks of the past, and the influence of them on the modern military uniform. The method used in this study was using past manuscripts of the early times, information attained from domestic and foreign military documents and previously written reports. As a result, the military costume was one of many means of expression of their natural and social environment. It can be said that the most epoche-marking and powerful changes to the social environment are revolution or war. War absolutely has influenced on the changes of the changes of costume and the military armour according to the type of war and the development of weapons. Especially using the amour, the main purpose that of protecting the body has changed into distinguishing our forces from the enemy and instilling fear into enemy, Furthermore, the class who has the power has used it in order to express their power and dignity. Therefore, armour had required two rules to not only protect the body but also discriminating between classes.

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The Characteristics of Monuments in a Cemetery - ln the Case of the Seoul Foreigners' Cemetery Park at Yanghwajin - (외국인 묘지 기념물의 디테일 특성 - 양화진 외국인 묘지공원을 사례로 -)

  • 이상석
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.28-40
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of monuments in the Seoul Foreigners′ cemetery at Yanghwajin, a place where many prominent Christian missionaries and other Christians have been buried near Choltusan. In considering the characteristics of gravestone details, the researcher has divided the details into 4 analysis categories: forms, symbols, epitaphs, and materials. For this research, 281 monuments were selected including 68 of missionaries, 26 of U. S. Army Soldiers, and 13 of teachers. The analysis revealed that there were 26 types of monuments. This includes simple and standardized types like the tablet, headstone, marker, and monolith. These were used more often than other shaped types such as the Cross, obelisk, sculpture, etc. Standardized types made in Korea have been preferred after the 1950s even though the beauty of the gravestones has been degraded. Symbolical decorations related to religious, social, professional or military emblems were also introduced to strengthen their symbolical objectives. Among them, fie Cross was the most predominant Christian symbol and emblem. The families wanted to inscribe epitaphs, the greater part of which originated from the Bible, poems, idioms related to tribute, rest, supplications to deity, love, achievement, to express human sentiment and religious faith. When using materials for making monuments, monument makers have mostly used stone because of its durability. Until the 1950s, various stones had been used to make monuments, for most marble and granite were brought from foreign countries. These were very different from the Korean white marble stone used for many monuments. After the 1950s, the source of stone has been limited to Korean stone, for Korean could make stone monuments that foreigners were agreeable. Especially, a black marble stone called "O-Suk" which means black stone, has been used as a main material. The study identified the following characteristics of monument details in the Seoul foreigners′ cemetery at Yanghwajin. First, Christianity has been applied as the main concept, while symbolizing the homogeneity of religious, family, social, professional or military groups by having the symbolic form, symbol, and epitaph in common. Second, monuments made after the 1950s have been standardized into unattractive and monotonous forms by the limited materials, and so the beauty of the monuments has been degraded.

A Study on the Military Fashion - Focusing on the Women's Fashion After the 1960s- (밀리터리 패션에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) - 1960연대(年代) 이후(以後) 여성(女性)패션을 중심(中心)으로 -)

  • Kim, Ji-Young;Cho, Kyu-Hwa
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.1 no.3
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    • pp.45-59
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    • 1997
  • This study, on the military fashion which has been inspired by the men's military uniform, is composed of an examination of the following; the aspect on the women's hi-fashion and the street fashion and the analysis of it's intention. On hi-fashion, from the 1960s to the early half of the 1970s, by the influence of the minimalism, maintained it's couture style, which is the formal image as well as moderating the line and simplifying the details, From the latter part of the 1970s to the 1980s, mannish image was sensed greatly by the wide shoulders with pads and large silhouette. The 1990's theme was the retro. Many different expression techniques appeared, but the trend was the retro. However, on the streets, young generation and hippies wore unisex army mode because of the influence of anti-war movement. Also, Hell's Angels, punks used black leather jacket with Nazi symbol, badge and eyelet expressed to show their aggressiveness as an avantgarde fashion. The intentions of military fashion can be analyzed as women's amazon need, the feeling of movement, and the spirit of rebellion.

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