• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2010

도심지 부근에서 이루어지는 암반 굴착작업의 증가에 따라 민원제기가 급증하고 있다. 이로 인해 발파설계시 안정성을 가장 우선적으로 고려하며, 그중에서도 지반진동을 제어하기 위한 노력이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 발파진동의 전파특성을 결정하는 여러 인자들 중 발파조건인 기폭방법과 폭약의 종류에 따른 지반진동의 전파 특성을 알아보았다. 지반진동은 폭속이 작은 폭약에서 더 크게 나타났지만 진폭의 감쇠가 커서 진동이 멀리 전파되지 않는 특징이 나타났다. 기폭위치별 회귀분석 결과 중간기폭이 평균적인 진동수준이 가장 크게 나타났지만 감쇠가 커서 진동이 멀리 전파되지 않았다. 역기폭은 중간기폭보다 진동 수준은 낮았으나 감쇠가 작아서 진동이 멀리 전파하는 특징이 나타났다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2011

발파진동이 구조물에 미치는 영향에 있어서 진동의 시간적 변화특성을 나타내는 주파수특성의 중요성이 인식되면서 최근 발파진동 영향평가에 있어서 최대진폭 외에도 진동에 수반되는 주파수 성분을 영향변수로 표현하는 방법이 점차 보편화 되어가고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 편마암 지역의 암석샘플을 채취하여 실내암석 실험을 실시하였고, 기폭위치에 따라 발파진동의 주파수 특성을 파악하기 위해서 단일공 시험발파를 실시하여 고속 푸리에 변환(FFT)을 통해 주주파수를 결정하고 기폭위치에 따라 어떤 변화가 있는지 분석하였다. 그 결과 기폭위치에 따른 주파수 대역에서는 정기폭은 낮은 주파수 대역, 역기폭은 높은 주파수 대역, 중간기폭은 대체로 골고루 분포됨을 알 수 있었다. 기폭위치에 따른 주파수 경향을 분석해 본 결과에서는 정기폭은 거리가 증가함에 따라서 주파수 값이 감소하였으며, 역기폭은 거리가 증가함에 따라 주파수 값이 증가함을 보였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2014

본 연구는 현재 제품화 되고 있는 뇌관의 지연시차인 20, 25 ms의 지연시차와 기폭위치(정기폭, 중간기폭, 역기폭)에 따라 발파에 의한 지반진동의 전파특성을 파악하기 위해 공간격, 저항선, 천공장 그리고 장약량을 달리하여 총 4회의 시험발파를 실시하여 지반진동 예측식을 도출하였다. 도출된 평균 지반진동 예측식을 통해 지연시차와 기폭위치에 따른 최대입자속도의 노모그램 분석을 통해 진동특성을 규명하였고, 국토교통부의 "도로공사 노천발파 설계 시공 지침 및 요령"에 제시된 표준발파공법의 공법별 경계 기준 장약량인 0.5, 1.6, 5, 15 kg을 적용하여 진동중가율을 비교분석하였다. 그리하여 장약량에 따라 진동제어에 유리한 발파방법을 제안하여 발파설계의 인자로 사용할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2003

This study was conducted to determine the changes of nitrogen compounds in lamina and midrib during the curing process with the different curing methods, such as priming and stalk-cut curing. After KB 108 burley tobacco was cultivated by the different fetilization levels such as standard and 20% higher, only the tips and leaf were harvested. Though the contents of total alkaloid and total nitrogen were similar in lamina, midrib showed a very low contents of those components by the different curing method and fertilization levels. The content of nitrate-nitrogen in lamina increased during a middle of curing process, and then these compound was decreased during an end of curing process by stalk-cut curing method. Nitrate-nitrogen contents in the lamina by the priming curing showed a high level caused by rapid drying process during an end of curing process. That component in midrib was 5-6 times higher than that of lamina. The contents of ammonia-nitrogen in the lamina and midrib were increased during a curing process. Though those amount in tips showed a similar by a different fetilization and curing method, midrib of stalk-cut curing showed a slow increasing during a curing process.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2006

사상성 진균인 Aspergillus nidulans에서 유성분화초기단계, 또는 유성분화유도를 위한 세포내 조건 형성과정에 관여할 것으로 예상되는 유전자를 탐색하였다. 선행연구결과를 통해 유성분화를 전혀 하지 못하는 NSD (never in sexual development) 돌연변이주가 분리되어 nsdA, nsdB, nsdC, 그리고 nsdD의 4상 보군으로 동정된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 유전자 중 nsdC 유전자를 분리하고자 A. nidulans AMAl-Not I Genomic DNA library로 nsdC6 돌연변이균주를 형질전환하여 야생형처럼 유성분화를 할 수 있는 형질전환체를 분리하고 이들로부터 약 10 kb genomic DNA가 삽입된 library DNA를 분리하였다. Genomic priming system (GPS)을 이용하여 nsdC6 돌연변이를 상보하는 유전자의 부분 서열을 확보한 후 전체 DNA 염기서열을 결정하였다. 유전자분석 결과 nsdC는 intron 없이 1,929염기(643개의 아미노산)로 구성된 Open reading frame (ORF)를 가지며, 약 1kb 정도의 비교적 긴 5'-UTR 부위에 2개의 intron을 가지고 있음이 확인되었다. 또한 NsdC polypeptide의 중앙에 $C_2H_2C_2H_2C_2HC$ 형의 zinc finger DNA binding domain과 C 말단 부위에 coiled-coil domain이 존재하였다. nsdC6 돌연변이는ORF의 407 bp와 408 bp사이에 엽기 T가 삽입되어 frameshift가 일어난 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 nsdC6 돌연변이균주는 단지 139개 아미노산만 갖고 있는 결실 단백질이 생산됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.95-95
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• 2022

Maize is one of the world's three largest crops and has a long cultivation history, and is an important crop used for various purposes such as food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Recently, the agricultural environment is changing, in which the limit of cultivation of crops is shifted to the north due to the rise in temperature due to climate change. This study was conducted in experimental field of Suwon in 2022 by setting a seeding period earlier than the sowing time to establish the North Korean agricultural climatic zone and meteorological conditions. The test cultivars were silage cultivars, Kwangpyeongok and Dacheongok. As a priming test method, it was used to directly plant seeds in the field through immersion using 4mM zinc (Zn) and 2.5mM manganese (Mn), which are trace elements for seeds. The planting season was early on March 15th, April 1st, and April 15th. The number of days from sowing to silk stage of the two cultivars sown on March 15, April 1, and April 15 was 107, 93, and 85 days for Kwangpyeongok and 109, 95, and 87 days for Dacheongok, respectively. The seed priming test did not show any difference from the control group in the growth survey up to the middle stage of growth. In another test, low-temperature recovery was confirmed through nitrogen (2-5%) foliar fertilization after 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days in refrigeration (0 degrees), a selective low temperature treatment for com in the third leaf stage. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the low-temperature damaged com treated at 0℃ showed the same growth as that of the untreated com through nitrogen foliar fertilization. These results suggest that urea foliar fertilization for low-temperature damage reduction of corn for silage in high-latitude climates will be helpful. In addition, through the results of the study, additional studies are needed on the recovery mechanism and field application through urea foliar fertilization.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.88-89
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• 2013

A variety of influenza A viruses from animal hosts are continuously prevalent throughout the world which cause human epidemics resulting millions of human infections and enormous industrial and economic damages. Thus, early diagnosis of such pathogen is of paramount importance for biomedical examination and public healthcare screening. To approach this issue, here we propose a fully integrated Rotary genetic analysis system, called Rotary Genetic Analyzer, for on-site detection of influenza A viruses with high speed. The Rotary Genetic Analyzer is made up of four parts including a disposable microchip, a servo motor for precise and high rate spinning of the chip, thermal blocks for temperature control, and a miniaturized optical fluorescence detector as shown Fig. 1. A thermal block made from duralumin is integrated with a film heater at the bottom and a resistance temperature detector (RTD) in the middle. For the efficient performance of RT-PCR, three thermal blocks are placed on the Rotary stage and the temperature of each block is corresponded to the thermal cycling, namely $95^{\circ}C$ (denature), $58^{\circ}C$ (annealing), and $72^{\circ}C$ (extension). Rotary RT-PCR was performed to amplify the target gene which was monitored by an optical fluorescent detector above the extension block. A disposable microdevice (10 cm diameter) consists of a solid-phase extraction based sample pretreatment unit, bead chamber, and 4 ${\mu}L$ of the PCR chamber as shown Fig. 2. The microchip is fabricated using a patterned polycarbonate (PC) sheet with 1 mm thickness and a PC film with 130 ${\mu}m$ thickness, which layers are thermally bonded at $138^{\circ}C$ using acetone vapour. Silicatreated microglass beads with 150~212 ${\mu}L$ diameter are introduced into the sample pretreatment chambers and held in place by weir structure for construction of solid-phase extraction system. Fig. 3 shows strobed images of sequential loading of three samples. Three samples were loaded into the reservoir simultaneously (Fig. 3A), then the influenza A H3N2 viral RNA sample was loaded at 5000 RPM for 10 sec (Fig. 3B). Washing buffer was followed at 5000 RPM for 5 min (Fig. 3C), and angular frequency was decreased to 100 RPM for siphon priming of PCR cocktail to the channel as shown in Figure 3D. Finally the PCR cocktail was loaded to the bead chamber at 2000 RPM for 10 sec, and then RPM was increased up to 5000 RPM for 1 min to obtain the as much as PCR cocktail containing the RNA template (Fig. 3E). In this system, the wastes from RNA samples and washing buffer were transported to the waste chamber, which is fully filled to the chamber with precise optimization. Then, the PCR cocktail was able to transport to the PCR chamber. Fig. 3F shows the final image of the sample pretreatment. PCR cocktail containing RNA template is successfully isolated from waste. To detect the influenza A H3N2 virus, the purified RNA with PCR cocktail in the PCR chamber was amplified by using performed the RNA capture on the proposed microdevice. The fluorescence images were described in Figure 4A at the 0, 40 cycles. The fluorescence signal (40 cycle) was drastically increased confirming the influenza A H3N2 virus. The real-time profiles were successfully obtained using the optical fluorescence detector as shown in Figure 4B. The Rotary PCR and off-chip PCR were compared with same amount of influenza A H3N2 virus. The Ct value of Rotary PCR was smaller than the off-chip PCR without contamination. The whole process of the sample pretreatment and RT-PCR could be accomplished in 30 min on the fully integrated Rotary Genetic Analyzer system. We have demonstrated a fully integrated and portable Rotary Genetic Analyzer for detection of the gene expression of influenza A virus, which has 'Sample-in-answer-out' capability including sample pretreatment, rotary amplification, and optical detection. Target gene amplification was real-time monitored using the integrated Rotary Genetic Analyzer system.