• Computers and Concrete
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.513-525
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• 2019

In this work, an experimental research has been performed on Steel Fiber-Steel Reinforced Concrete (SFSRC)specimens subjected to four-point bending tests to evaluate the feasibility of mutual replacement of steel fibers and conventional reinforcement through studying failure modes, load-deflection curves, stiffness of characteristic points, stiffness degradation curves and damage analysis. The variables considered in this experiment included steel fiber volume percentage with and without conventional reinforcements (stirrups or steel fibers) with shear span depth ratios of S/D=2.5 and 3.5. Experimental results revealed that increasing the volume percentage of steel fiber decreased the creation and propagation of shear and bond cracks, just like shortening the stirrups spacing. Higher crack resistance and suturing ability of steel fiber can improve the stability of its bearing capacity. Both steel fibers and stirrups improved the stiffness and damage resistance of specimens where stirrups played an essential role and therefore, the influence of steel fibers was greatly weakened. Increasing S/D ratio also weakened the effect of steel fibers. An equation was derived to calculate the bending stiffness of SFSRC specimens, which was used to determine mid span deflection; the accuracy of the proposed equation was proved by comparing predicted and experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2011

Purpose: In this study, differences and relationship between teaching style, personality, job stress, and job satisfaction among preceptors were examined. Method: The participants were 121 preceptors. Data were collected in November and December 2010 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The most frequent teaching style was judgement-initiative, and personality scores were highest for conscientiousness. Job stress was average (3.05${\pm}$.59), and job satisfaction was below the mid-point level (2.76${\pm}$.39). Job stress and job satisfaction were significantly different according to teaching style. Significant correlations were found between personality and job stress, and personality and job satisfaction. Conclusion: These findings indicate that changes in perceived teaching style, and personality may be necessary to decrease job stress, and to promote job satisfaction among preceptors. The results of this study should be considered in the development of effective preceptor training programs.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.18-25
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• 2012

As the demand for smart phone user is rapidly increasing in recent years, the development of new mobile communication system which provides more improved quality compared to existing 3G standard is highly requested. In this point, the long-term evolution (LTE) system, which was being developed in mid of 2000's, has attracted a considerable attention. The LTE has been developed continuously to result a release 10 which is called as LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) in 2010. Among various features in LTE-A, the multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) design is expected to give better quality for throughput, spectral efficiency, and latency. In this paper, we first review the development process from LTE to LTE-A. We also provide the overview of design challenges and specific solutions for MU-MIMO systems developed in LTE-Advanced standard.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.41-62
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• 2012

This study explored the case of sandplay therapy for a 4th grade girl suffering from selective mutism. Her selective mutism apparently began following an extremely embarrassing experience in kindergarten. Her symptoms were a combination of symbiotic, reactive and passive- aggressive type behaviors. The goal of the therapy undertaken with this child was to enable her to express her repression and suppression, within a free and protective space during sandplay therapy. There were a total of 60 sessions of sandplay therapy. The client described the situations she had experienced in the first sandtray, by placing babies absent caring adults and food on the sandbox. She also placed baby fish away from their mother. In the mid-point of the sessions, she repeated her regressive behaviors by babbling like a baby and fought with snakes and monsters. In the final sessions, she showed integration and adaptation by engaging in snow play, expressing the union of opposites, placing blue and red mig and making a cross on the sand. This study showed the effectiveness of sandplay therapy since her selective mutism was lessened.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.356-359
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• 1997

The Effects of different melting temperature and holding time in the melting temperature on J$\sub$c/ of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$\sub$x/ based superconducting bulk using MPMG process were investigated. the value of critical current density was the largest at l120$^{\circ}C$, the melting temperature which is appointed to the mid point of (Y$_2$BaCuO$\sub$5/ + Liquid)region. With the melting temperature in which the value of J$\sub$c/ is the largest, J$\sub$c/ was again measured to see whether the holding time at this proper melting temperature has the effect on the critical characteristics. From the result above it was concluded that the melting temperature and holding time were important to improve the J$\sub$c/ and the formation of the Y$_2$BaCuO$\sub$5/. In this paper, the melting temperature obtained was l120$^{\circ}C$ and propel holding time could be obtained as 20 minute and the more holding time was not effective in the J$\sub$c/ improvement as well as the formation of Y$_2$BaCuO$\sub$5/.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.127-133
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• 2006

This study attempted to investigate and compare the level of needs and expected benefits of information technology(IT) applications in restaurant operation from managerial and employee levels. Self-competence levels, education and training needs, and the company IT application levels were evaluated. The respondents for the study were the staff of full-service, mid-scale restaurants owned by a firm. Among the respondents, 17.6% were in managerial level(managers) and 82.4% were in employee level(employees). The results of this study indicated that compared to employees, managers perceived more in-depth that IT is beneficial and is needed in restaurant operation. Both groups rated IT as very much needed and beneficial to restaurant operation. However, managers rated their own technological competence significantly higher than the employees did. Both groups expressed the desire for IT training and education although the managers' needs were stronger than the other group. The company's IT application level was assessed by the managers and employees at a slightly higher than average score on a 5-point scale, showing no difference between the groups. The study findings show that the respondents perceived the IT needs and benefits than the present IT application level of restaurants, which suggests more IT applications be adopted to the restaurant operations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1146-1151
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• 2007

In this paper, it is investigated to the security services and vulnerability tools of IEEE802.11 wireless LAN, and it is considered the employment state of wireless LAN AP (access point) and analyzed the state of security vulnerability. In according to this study, among wireless LAN APs, which are operated in each company or each factory, in center around industrial of Cheonan city, 50% of AP, which is used, is not operated on WEP, and therefore, it is stated the weakness of security so far. From the result of this study, in case of mid and small company, it can be distinguished the necessity of the security training for the informaton system manager.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2018

Purpose - This present aims to analyze the effect of export modes on initial export amount and time to export by selecting export modes among various success strategies and factors. Research design, data, and methodology - It surveyed 980 small and mid-sized venture enterprises across Korea. The export modes and its impact on exports through frequency analysis and cross analysis, and validated through a PPML(regression analysis applied the enterprise growth model) analysis. Results - Five export modes were investigated : direct export, indirect export, transfer from direct export to indirect export, transfer from direct export to indirect export, and parallel export to indirect export. It was found that SMVEs that exported directly from establishment to initial export had the shortest period, and also had the highest export price Conclusions - From a marketing point of view, it took an average of 1.6 years to switch from export directly to indirect export or directly export, and the reason for the export modes conversion was to supplement export specialists and improve export competitiveness. And the export amount and time period that SMVEs establishes and export is a significant factor in export success strategy and there has been few prior study in export modes.

• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.149-159
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• 2016

Background: Since the mid-20th century, the ways in which social networks and older adults' health are related have been widely studied. However, few studies investigate the relationship between self-rated health and position in a complete social network of one entire Korean rural village. This study highlights use of a complete network in health studies. Methods: Using the Korean Social Life and Health Project, the population-based data of adults aged 60 or older and their spouses in one myeon in Ganghwa island (Ganghwa-gun, Incheon, Korea), Incheon, Korea (with a 95% response rate), this study built a $1,012{\times}1,012$ complete social network matrix of the village. The data were collected from 2011 to 2012, and 731 older adults were analyzed. The ordered logistic models to predict self-rated health allowed us to examine social factors from socio-demographic to individual community activities, ego-centered network characteristics, and positions in a complete network. Results: From the network data, 5 network components were identified. Even after controlling for all other factors, if a respondent belonged to a segregated component, the probability that he or she reported good health dropped substantially. Additionally, high in-degree centrality was connected to greater self-rated health. Conclusion: This finding highlights the importance of social position not only from the respondents' point of view but also from the entire village's perspective. Even if a respondent maintained a large social network, when all of those social ties belonged to a segregated group in the village, the respondent's health suffered from this segregation.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.675-687
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• 2009

In general, the forming process of the curved hull plates consists of sub tasks, such as roll bending, line heating, and triangle heating. In order to complement the automated curved hull forming system, it is necessary to develop an algorithm to classify the curved hull plates of a ship into standard shapes with respect to the techniques of forming task, such as the roll bending, the line heating, and the triangle heating. In this paper, the curved hull plates are classified by four standard shapes and the combination of them, or saddle, convex, flat, cylindrical shape, and the combination of them, that are related to the forming tasks necessary to form the shapes. In preprocessing, the Gaussian curvature and the mean curvature at the mid-point of a mesh of modeling surface by Coon's patch are calculated. Then the nearest neighbor method to classify the input plate type is applied. Tests to verify the developed algorithm with sample plates of a real ship data have been performed.