• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser in different output powers for removing permanent resin cement residues and therefore its influence on microshear bond strength compared to other cleaning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 90 extracted human molars were sectioned in 1 mm thickness. Resin cement was applied to surface of sliced teeth. After the removal of initial cement, 6 test groups were prepared by various dentin surface treatment methods as follows: no treatment (Group 1), ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid application (Group 2), Endosolv R application (Group 3), 1.25 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 4), 2 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 5) and 3.5 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 6). The topography and morphology of the treated dentin surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (n=2 for each group). Following the repetitive cementation, microshear bond strength between dentin and cement (n=26 in per group) were measured with universal testing machine and the data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis H Test with Bonferroni correction (P<.05). Fracture patterns were investigated by light microscope. RESULTS. Mean microshear bond strength ${\pm}$ SD (MPa) for each group was $34.9{\pm}17.7$, $32.1{\pm}15.8$, $37.8{\pm}19.3$, $31.3{\pm}12.7$, $44.4{\pm}13.6$, $40.2{\pm}13.2$ respectively. Group 5 showed significantly difference from Group 1, Group 2 and Group 4. Also, Group 6 was found statistically different from Group 4. CONCLUSION. 2 W and 3.5 W Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser application were found efficient in removing resin residues.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2004

This study evaluated the microshear bond strength of composte resin to teeth bleached with commercial whitening strips and compared with those bleached with home bleaching gel. Twelve extracted human central incisors were cut into pieces and central four segments were chosen from each tooth and embedded in acrylic resin. Four blocks with 12 tooth segments embedded in acrylic resin were acquired and numbered from group one to group four. Group 1 was bleached with Crest Whitestrips, group 2 with Claren, group 3 with Opalescence tooth whitening gel (10％ carbamide peroxide). Group 4 was used as control. The bleaching procedure was conducted for 14 days according to the manufacturer's instructions ; the bleaching strips twice a day for 30 min and the bleaching gel once a day for 2hr. After bleaching, composite resin (Filtek Supreme) was bonded to the enamel surfaces with a self-etching adhesive (Adper Prompt L-Pop) using Tygon tube. Microshear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine (EZ-test). The data were statistically analysed by one-way ANOVA. The study resulted in no statistical differences in microshear bond strength between the tooth segments bleached with 2 different whitening strips and bleaching gel. It can be concluded that the effect of bleaching with either commercial whitening strips or bleaching gel on enamel is minimal in bonding with self-etching adhesive to composite resin.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.36.1-36.11
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate Emblica officinalis (Indian gooseberry or amla) as an acid etchant and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor, and to compare its effect on the microshear bond strength of composite resin with orthophosphoric acid (OPA) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) as an acid etchant and MMP inhibitor, respectively. Materials and Methods: The etching effect and MMP-inhibiting action of amla on dentin samples were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gelatin zymography, respectively. Dentinal slabs (3 mm thick) from 80 extracted human molars were divided into 10 and 20 samples to form 2 control groups and 3 experimental groups. Groups 1, 2, and 4 were etched with OPA and groups 3 and 5 with amla juice. An MMP inhibitor was then applied: CHX for group 2 and amla extract for groups 4 and 5. Groups 1 and 3 received no MMP inhibitor. All specimens received a standardized bonding protocol and composite resin build-up, and were subjected to microshear bond strength testing. The force at which the fracture occurred was recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: Amla juice had a similar etching effect as a self-etch adhesive in SEM and 100% amla extract was found to inhibit MMP-9 by gelatin zymography. The microshear bond strength values of amla were lower than those obtained for OPA and CHX, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Amla has a promising role as an acid etchant and MMP inhibitor, but further studies are necessary to substantiate its efficacy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2017

Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of a multi-mode universal adhesive (MUA) containing silane (Single Bond Universal, 3M EPSE) on the bonding of resin cement to lithium disilicate. Materials and Methods: Thirty IPS e.max CAD specimens (Ivoclar Vivadent) were fabricated. The surfaces were treated as follows: Group A, adhesive that did not contain silane (ANS, Porcelain Bonding Resin, Bisco); Group B, silane (S) and ANS; Group C, hydrofluoric acid (HF), S, and ANS; Group D, MUA; Group E, HF and MUA. Dual-cure resin cement (NX3, Kerr) was applied and composite resin cylinders of 0.8 mm in diameter were placed on it before light polymerization. Bonded specimens were stored in water for 24 hours or underwent a 10,000 thermocycling process prior to microshear bond strength testing. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Results: Bond strength varied significantly among the groups (p < 0.05), except for Groups A and D. Group C showed the highest initial bond strength ($27.1{\pm}6.9MPa$), followed by Group E, Group B, Group D, and Group A. Thermocycling significantly reduced bond strength in Groups B, C, and E (p < 0.05). Bond strength in Group C was the highest regardless of the storage conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Surface treatment of lithium disilicate using HF and silane increased the bond strength of resin cement. However, after thermocycling, the silane in MUA did not help achieve durable bond strength between lithium disilicate and resin cement, even when HF was applied.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.573-573
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• 2003

I. Objective This study evaluated the microshear bond strength of teeth bleached with commercial whitening strips and compared with those bleached with home bleaching gel. II. Materials and Methods Twelve exrtacted central incisors were cut into pieces and central four segments were chosen from each tooth and embedded in acrylic resin. Four blocks with 12 tooth segments embedded in acrylic resin were acquired and numbered from one to four. Block 1 was bleached with Crest Whitestrips, block 2 with Claren, block 3 with Opalescence tooth whitening gel(10% carbamide peroxide).(omitted)

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2002년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.715-716
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• 2002

No Abstract, See Full Text

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2020

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of four computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) blocks repaired with composite resin using three different surface treatment protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Four different CAD/CAM blocks were used in this study: (1) flexible hybrid ceramic (FHC), (2) resin nanoceramic (RNC), (c) polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) and (4) feldspar ceramic (FC). All groups were further divided into four subgroups according to surface treatment: control, hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), air-borne particle abrasion with aluminum oxide (AlO), and tribochemical silica coating (TSC). After surface treatments, silane was applied to half of the specimens. Then, a silane-containing universal adhesive was applied, and specimens were repaired with a composite, Next, µSBS test was performed. Additional specimens were examined with a contact profilometer and scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey tests. RESULTS. The findings revealed that silane application yielded higher µSBS values (P<.05). All surface treatments were showed a significant increase in µSBS values compared to the control (P<.05). For FHC and RNC, the most influential treatments were AlO and TSC (P<.05). CONCLUSION. Surface treatment is mandatory when the silane is not preferred, but the best bond strength values were obtained with the combination of surface treatment and silane application. HF provides improved bond strength when the ceramic content of material increases, whereas AlO and TSC gives improved bond strength when the composite content of material increases.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2014

Objectives: Extensively destroyed teeth are commonly restored with composite resin before cavity preparation for indirect restorations. The longevity of the restoration can be related to the proper bonding of the resin cement to the composite. This study aimed to evaluate the microshear bond strength of two self-adhesive resin cements to composite resin. Material and Methods: Composite discs were subject to one of six different surface pretreatments: none (control), 35% phosphoric acid etching for 30 seconds (PA), application of silane (silane), PA + silane, PA + adhesive, or PA + silane + adhesive (n = 6). A silicone mold containing a cylindrical orifice ($1mm^2$ diameter) was placed over the composite resin. RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE) or BisCem (Bisco Inc.) self-adhesive resin cement was inserted into the orifices and light-cured. Self-adhesive cement cylinders were submitted to shear loading. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Results: Independent of the cement used, the PA + Silane + Adhesive group showed higher microshear bond strength than those of the PA and PA + Silane groups. There was no difference among the other treatments. Unicem presented higher bond strength than BisCem for all experimental conditions. Conclusions: Pretreatments of the composite resin surface might have an effect on the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to this substrate.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2011

연구목적: 이 연구는 2종의 전부식 접착제와 4종의 자가부식 접착제를 이용하여 유동성 레진을 법랑질에 접착할 경우, 접착제에 따른 미세전단 결합강도와 파절양상을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 발거된 60개의 대구치 치관의 법랑질을 이용하였고, 사용된 접착시스템의 종류에 따라 6개의 군; OS 군(One-Step), SB 군(Single Bond), SE 군(Clearfil SE Bond), TY 군(Tyrian SPE와 One-Step Plus), AP 군(Adper prompt L-Pop), GB 군(G-Bond)으로 분류하였다. 각 군의 법랑질 표면에 배정된 접착시스템을 적용한 후, Tygon tube를 이용하여 법랑질 표면에 유동성 레진(Filtek Z 350 flowable resin)을 접착하였다. 각 군의 미세전단 결합강도를 측정한 후 주사전자현미경하에서 파절양상을 비교하였다. 결과: 1. SB 군의 결합강도는 다른 모든 군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났고, GB 군의 결합강도는 다른 모든 군의 결합강도 보다 통계학적으로 낮게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 2. OS 군과 SE 군 및 AP 군의 결합강도는 SB 군보다 낮게 나타났지만, TY 군과 GB 군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 3. TY 군의 결합강도는 GB 군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 4. 접착성 파절은 TY 군과 GB 군에서 가장 많이 나타났고, 혼합파절은 SB 군과 SE 군에서 가장 많이 나타났으며, 응집성 파절은 OS 군, SB 군, SE 군 및 AP 군에서 각각 1개씩 나타났다. 결론: 접착 단계가 같은 접착시스템이라 해도 법랑질에 대한 유동성 레진의 미세전단 결합강도는 서로 다르게 나타났다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.477-482
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• 2011

연구목적: 이 연구는 서로 다른 버로 형성한 법랑질 표면에 대한 자가부식 프라이머 접착제의 결합강도를 상호 비교함으로써 법랑질에 우수한 접착 표면을 제공하는 적절한 버를 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 42개의 발거된 대구치 치관의 법랑질을 이용하였고, 법랑질을 삭제하는 기구의 종류에 따라 6개군, 즉 1군은 Coarse (125 - 150 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 2군은 standard (106 - 125 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 3군은 fine (53 - 63 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 4군은 extrafine (20 - 30 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 5군은 plain-cut carbide bur (no. 245); 6군은 cross-cut carbide bur (no. 557)으로 분류하였다. 각 군의 법랑질 표면에 Clearfil SE Bond를 적용한 후 Tygon tube를 이용하여 Clearfil AP-X를 접착하였다. 각 군의 미세전단 결합강도를 측정하였다. 결과: 4군의 결합강도는 모든 군중 가장 높게 나타나 1군, 2군, 3군 및 6군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났으며(p < 0.05), 5군과는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p > 0.05). 결론: 버의 종류와 다이아몬드 버의 입자크기는 약한 자가 산부식 프라이머 접착제의 법랑질에 대한 결합강도에 영향을 주었다. Clearfil SE Bond의 법랑질에 대한 우수한 접착을 위해서는 초미세입자 다이아몬드 버나 plain-cut 카바이드 버의 사용이 추천된다.