• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2012

Power continues to be a driving force in central processing units (CPU) design. Most of the advanced breakthroughs in power have been in a realm that is applicable to workstation CPUs. Advanced power management systems will manage temperature, dynamic voltage scaling and dynamic frequency scaling in a CPU. The use of power management systems for microcontrollers and embedded CPUs has been modest, and mostly focuses on very large scale integration (VLSI) level optimizations compared to system level optimizations. In this paper, a dynamic frequency controlling (DFC) technique is introduced, to lay the foundation of a system level power management system for commercial microcontrollers. The DFC technique allows a commercial microcontroller to have minor modifications on both the hardware and software side, to allow the clock frequency to change to save power; results in this study show a 10% savings. By adding an additional layer of software abstraction at the interrupt level, the microcontroller can operate without having knowledge of the current clock frequency, and this can be accomplished without having to use an embedded operating system.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.22 no.7
• /
• pp.513-518
• /
• 2016

The piezoelectric actuating device is known for its large power density and simple structure. It can generate a larger force than a conventional actuator and has also wide bandwidth with fast response in a compact size. To control the piezoelectric actuator, we need an analog signal conditioning circuit as well as digital microcontrollers. Conventional microcontrollers are not equipped with an analog part and need digital-to-analog converters, which makes the system bulky compared with the small size of piezoelectric devices. To overcome these weaknesses, we are developing a single-chip controller that can handle analog and digital signals simultaneously using mixed-signal FPGA technology. This gives more flexibility than traditional fixed-function microcontrollers, and the control speed can be increased greatly due to the parallel processing characteristics of the FPGA. In this paper, we developed a floating-point multiplier, PWM generator, 80-kHz power control loop, and 1-kHz position feedback control loop using a single mixed-signal FPGA. It takes only 50 ns for single floating-point multiplication. The PWM generator gives two outputs to control the charging and discharging of the high-voltage output capacitor. Through experimentation and simulation, it is demonstrated that the designed control loops work properly in a real environment.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2007

Many kinds of microcontrollers such as 8051, PIC16 and Atmega series are used for the automatic control system, home appliances and communication equipments manufacturing. It is very important to understand the basic operational principles of microcontrollers and their design concepts. There are many kinds of educational microcontroller trainers and also they are designed and assembled very complicatedly. For the students or developers, it is very difficult to catch the basic operation schemes and apply the techniques to the control system. And also it requires much cost and time for the various kinds of trainers purchasing. In this paper, standardization of pins layout and peripheral modules for the general microcontroller usage was introduced and tested with 89C2051, 89C51, PIC16F84, PIC16F877, Atmega8535 and Atmega128, etc. As a result of test, it was found that saving the cost and time using this suggested device was possible. And also it was very effective way to understand microcontroller design and programming techniques.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1441-1447
• /
• 2021

Arduino is one of the commonly used microcontroller platforms, and widely used not only in education but also in industrial fields because it enables rapid development and has excellent expandability. However, since there are only a few microcontrollers officially used by Arduino, attempts have been made to use various microcontrollers in the Arduino environment. As part of the Arduino expansion, in this paper, we implemented 128duino, ATmega128-based Arduino-compatible board, and its operation was verified. ATmega128 is one of the microcontrollers commonly used for educational purpose, so it was chosen for Arduino expansion. Since 128duino has advantages in terms of hardware configuration and price by implementing serial and ISP style upload with one USB connection, it is expected to be used in various environments including Internet of Things as well as in education.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.623-630
• /
• 2016

Heterogeneous IoT devices must satisfy a certain level of security for mutual connections and communications. However, a performance degradation of cryptographic algorithms in resource constrained devices is inevitable and so an optimization or efficient implementation method is necessary. In this paper, we study an efficient implementation method for rotation operations regarding registers for running ARX lightweight block ciphers. In a practical sense, we investigate the performance of modified rotation operations through experiments using real experiment devices. We show the improved performance of modified rotation operations and discover the significant difference in measured performance between simulations and real experiments, particularly for 16-bit MSP microcontrollers.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.1068-1076
• /
• 2019

Most of the electronics we use today have built-in microcontrollers, which are called embedded systems. In such a small environment, responsiveness is very important for the microcontroller. In this paper, the basic input/output control, timer/counter interrupt operation principle, and understanding of the microcontroller are described. Program logic is proposed to improve throughput and latency by controlling characteristics of service routine and program execution order. The hardware simulations in this paper were verified using ATmega128 and PIC16F877A from Atmel and Microchip.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.55 no.11
• /
• pp.4191-4203
• /
• 2023

Robotics applications are greatly needed in hazardous locations, e.g., fusion and fission reactors, where robots must perform delicate and complex tasks under ionizing radiation conditions. The drawback is that some robotic parts, such as active electronics, are susceptible to radiation. It can lead to unexpected failures and early termination of the robotic operation. This paper analyses the ionizing radiation effect from 0.09 to 1.5 Gy/s in robotic components (microcontrollers, servo motors and temperature sensors). The first experiment compares the performance of various microcontroller types and their actuators and sensors, where different mitigation strategies are applied, such as using Radiation-Hardened (Rad-Hard) microcontrollers or shielding. The second and third experiments analyze the performance of a 3-Degrees of Freedom (DoF) robotic arm, evaluating its components' responses and trajectory. This study enhances our understanding and expands our knowledge regarding radiation's impact on robotic arms and components, which is useful for defining the best strategies for extending the robots' operational lifespan, especially when performing maintenance or inspection tasks in radiation environments.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.365-368
• /
• 2024

This paper proposes a scheme for NAND flash memories equipped with on-chip microcontrollers and instruction ROM, that enables patching of erroneous cell array operation instructions after manufacturing. The scheme incorporates a small patch instruction RAM, where the patching instructions are fetched using a configurable Program Counter (PC) substitution mechanism. Both the patching instructions and PC substitution data are stored in a designated NAND cell area and loaded at power-up along with the electrical fuse data. As the scheme is designed to handle only a small number instruction patches, the area overhead remains minimal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.759-761
• /
• 1998

90년대 중반 이후 고성능의 프로세서들은 성능 향상을 위해 명령어 수준의 병렬성을 이용하고 있다. 특히 실행화일의 호환성을 고려할 필요가 없는 마이크로컨트롤에서는 같은 하드웨어로 더 많은 함수유닛을 가질 수 있는 VLIW 구조가 널리 사용된다. 이러한 VLIW형의 마이크로컨트롤러에서는 병렬성을 추출하는 역할이 전적으로 소프트웨어에 있으므로 컴파일어가 성능향상에 매우 큰 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 논문에서는 마이크로컨트롤러의 구조와 그룹짓기 조건을 분석하고 선택 스케쥴링과 소프트웨어 파이프라이닝을 이용한 VLIW형 마이크로컨트롤러용 최적화 컴파일러를 구현하고 그 성능을 측정한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.129-129
• /
• 2000

This paper describes the concept and method of Controlling an illuminator using Power-Line Modem. Nowadays it is being studied and developed the Power-Line communication. The communication using Power-Line can realize Building-Automation and Home-Automation easily and chiefly. Because it has no need constructing an additional equipment. In this study it is used The Power-Line Modem, illuminators and microcontrollers which enable RS-232C serial communication.