• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.684-694
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to estimate the microbial and physicochemical quality of some raw vegetables and suggest safer methods of sanitization and storage for foodservice operations. Three sanitization methods were utilized during pre-preparation (tap water, chlorine water and electrolyzed water). Leek and Chicory were monitored as ingredient, with different storage temperatures $(3,\;10^{\circ}C)$ and periods (1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 days). The largest reduction in the microbial counts was shown with the electrolyzed water and for the case before immersion in chlorine water, performing a first washing was more effective in reducing the microbial counts than with no washing. The results showed that the storage temperature, pH, moisture content and microbial loads were important factors affecting the quality of vegetables.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.557-566
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to estimate the microbial quality of some raw vegetables and to suggest a safer method of sanitization and pre-preparation in foodservice operations. The production of Dotori-muk muchim was monitored from ingredient preparation to final product and during holding at different temperatures. Three sanitization methods were performed during the preparation with crown daisy (tap water, chlorine water, electrolyzed water). The largest reduction of microbial counts was for electrolyzed water (after treatment, total plate counts were decreased to $2.76{\sim}3.76$ Log CFU/g, coliform counts were not detected). In the case before immersed in chlorine water, Performed first washing is larger the effective reduction of microbial counts than or not.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different sanitizers and contact times on storage quality and microbial growth in fresh-cut broccoli. Fresh broccoli samples were cut into small pieces, washed each for 90 s and 180 s in normal tap water (TW), $100\;{\mu}/l$ chlorinated water (CL, pH 7), electrolyzed water (EW, pH 7.2) containing $100\;{\mu}/l$ free chlorine, or $2\;{\mu}/l$ ozonated water ($O_3$). Then, samples were packaged in 30-${\mu}m$ polyethylene bags and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ for 9 days. No significant differences were observed in gas composition and color parameters ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, and hue angle) among different sanitizers with contact times. No off-odor was detected during the storage. A longer contact time was not effective in reducing microbial population, except with $O_3$ washing. $O_3$ with 90 s was not much effective in reducing microbial population compared with Cl or EW. However, samples washed with $O_3$ for 180 s observed the lowest numbers of total aerobic and coliform plate counts. The result suggested that, a longer contact time of ozone can be used as a potential sanitizer to maintain the microbial quality and safety of fresh-cut broccoli.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2007

신선편이 당근채 세척시 오존수 사용에 의한 품질 및 안전성 향상 효과를 구명하기 위해 연구를 수행하였다. 세척 당근을 절단한 뒤 100ppm의 염소수에 1, 2회 세척 및 오존발생장치에서 공급되는 초기 오존수 농도 2ppm에서 1,5, 20분 세척한 뒤 $O_{2}$ 투과율 $29.2pmol{\cdot}s^{-1}{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}Pa^{-1}$ 필름으로 포장하여 $5^{\circ}C$에서 3주간 저장되었다. 당근채의 오존수 세척처리는 저장 중 포장내부의 기체 조성, 당근채의 품질 및 미생물 수에 영향을 미쳤다. 오존수 20분 처리는 당근채 저장 중 $CO_{2}$ 농도가 낮고, 경도가 높았으며, 백화지수(WI), 이취발생 및 미생물 수가 적어 가장 높은 관능점수를 나타내며 저장 3주까지 상품성을 유지하였다. 그러나 염소수 1회 세척은 비록 미생물 수는 오존수 20분 처리와 함께 낮게 나타났으나 품질에 있어서 상대적으로 WI와 이취발생이 높아 오존수 20분 보다 품질변화가 심하였다. 따라서 오존수 20분 처리는 신선편이 당근채의 염소 세척을 대체할 수 있는 방법으로 판단되었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2017

Provision of safe, accessible, and good water quality in the community is an important step towards reducing various waterborne illnesses. However, improving the quality of water should include spreading awareness to the public regarding the importance of cleaning their household water tanks. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial quality of water of household water tanks in Dubai. The water samples from household water tanks were collected from forty houses, and a questionnaire was given to the residents to determine the history of the water tanks. The membrane filtration technique was used to quantify heterotrophic and total coliform bacteria on plate count agar and the violet red bile agar respectively. The overall results of this study have shown that 18 out of total 40 household water tanks contained different types of bacteria concentration level beyond local and widely accepted international standards. The overall results of this study indicated that there is a lack of awareness among residents regarding the importance of maintaining proper sanitation and hygiene of the household water tanks.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.292-298
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• 2004

This study researched the microbial change of quality according to various phases of product flow of Dongtae-Jeon (a pan-fried dish) and rolled egg in packaged meals. In order to carry out the study, the time required, temperature, water activity and microbial quality were measured at various phases of production flow of Dongtae-Jeon and rolled egg in packaged meals, and the effects of these factors on microbial multiplication was analyzed. According to the phases in product flow of Dongtae-Jeon, it was shown that the time required is 12.5hrs and water activity is distributed 0.932-0.980. These conditions were suitable for microbial multiplication. According to the phases in product flow of rolled egg, it was shown that the time required is 3.3hrs. In addition, qualitative analysis of pathogenic microorganisms (Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus) detected no such microorganisms in any of the samples.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.727-733
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the physical characteristics like compressive strength, permeability, porosity and the water quality removal characteristics of permeable concrete pavement filled with microbial-soil sheet to remove SS, organic matter and nutrients in artificial rainfall. As a result, it can show the removal efficiency is SS 90~95%, COD 85~93%, BOD 80~83%, T-N 61~75%, T-P 71~78% on WAPS I(W1) and WAPS II(W2). Therefore, permeable concrete pavement filled with microbial-soil sheet shows higher removal efficiency(SS 10%, organic matter and nutrients 30%) than a conventional porous concrete(W3). By filling microbial-soil sheet to permeable concrete pavement, we confirm that the function and efficiency are improved significantly and that a naturally-friendly facility can be developed and applied to treat non-point sources.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.575-580
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• 2011

This study characterized water quality of groundwater and purified water used for drinking water in 30 schools in Gyeongsangbukdo Province. The results of the study showed that 43% of groundwater and 45% of purified water were not suitable for drinking. Among them, microbial contaminations were the most serious problem. In raw groundwater, the exceeding rates of total colony counts was the highest in August (53.6%). Purified water samples showed higher rate of exceeding drinking water standard for total colony counts while showing lower rate of exceeding drinking water standard for total coliforms and fecal coliforms in March and August. Overall, proper managements for microbial contaminations are required for both groundwater and purified water. Furthermore, special attention should toward students not to drink water when groundwater or purified water exceeds the drinking water quality standard.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Irrigation water is known to be one of the major sources of bacterial contamination in agricultural products. In addition, anti-microbial resistance (AMR) bacteria in food products possess serious threat to humans. This study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of foodborne bacteria in irrigation water and evaluating their anti-microbial susceptibility. METHODS AND RESULTS: Surface water (n = 66 sites) and groundwater (n = 40 sites) samples were collected from the Gyeongi and Gangwon provinces of South Korea during April, July, and October 2019. To evaluate the safety of water, fecal indicators (Escherichia coli) and foodborne pathogens (E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes) were examined. E. coli isolates from water were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using VITEK2 system. Overall, detection rate of foodborne pathogens in July was highest among three months. The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli (24%), Salmonella (3%), and L. monocytogenes (3%) was higher in surface water, while only one ground water site was contained with pathogenic E. coli (2.5%). Of the 343 E. coli isolates, 22.7% isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobials (ampicillin (18.7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (7.0%), and ciprofloxacin (6.7%)). CONCLUSION: To enhance the safety of agricultural products, it is necessary to frequently monitor the microbial quality of water.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2008

To analyze the riverine microbial community structure, genetic fingerprints and ecological indexes such as species abundances, diversity, evenness, dominance of targeted rivers in Gyeonggi Province were acquired and evaluated using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) technique. Genetic fingerprinting technique such as T-RFLP, which is able to show the microbial community clearly unlike traditional culture-dependent techniques, was thought to be useful to analyse the riverine microbial ecosystem under various factors. Riverine ecosystem evaluation using visible organisms would give biased results with time, targeted organism and researcher. But, T-RFLP, which can exclude the subjected biases such as culture condition and identification, would be an option to understand natural ecosystem by including the microorganisms that defy culture but perform important functions.