• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 철도차량의 경량 차체 소재로 주로 사용되는 알루미늄 합금 (Al-6005-T6) 압출재에 대한 마찰교반접합 적용 연구를 수행하였다. 용접속도를 300 mm/min으로 고정시킨 채 회전 공구의 회전속도를 600, 900, 1200, 1600 rpm으로 변화시킬 때 미세구조 및 기계적 특성의 변화에 대해 평가하였다. 특히, 동일 소재에 대해 전통적인 용접방법인 MIG 용접된 시편과의 비교를 통해 마찰교반접합법의 철도차량 적용성에 대해 논하였다. MIG 용접방법과는 달리, 마찰교반접합부에는 미세기공이 발견되지 않았으며, 경도 측정 결과 공구의 회전속도가 빨라질수록 높아진 입열량에 따라 heat affected zone (HAZ)의 범위가 넓어지고 결정립 조대화에 따라 HAZ의 경도 또한 낮아지는 것을 확인하였다. 인장시험 결과 HAZ지역에서 파단이 발생하였으며, 본 연구에서 설정한 공구의 회전속도 범위에서는 nugget 부의 경도 변화는 발견되지 않았으나 rpm이 올라갈수록 인장강도와 항복강도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였으며 이는 경도 시험에서와 같이 HAZ지역의 결정립 크기의 증가로 인한 현상으로 판단된다.

• Composites Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.58-67
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 구조의 건전성을 실시간으로 모니터링하기 위해 변형률 및 파손을 동시에 감지할 수 있는 두 가지 형태의 광섬유 센서 시스템을 제안하였다. 구성된 광섬유 센서 시스템은 파손신호 취득에 사용되는 단파장 광원의 형태에 따라 EDFA에 FBG 사용한 것과 Fabry-Perot 필터를 사용한 것으로 나뉘며 EFPI센서를 통해 복합재 시편의 인장실험을 모니터링 하는데 적용되었다. 먼저, 복합재의 초기파손모드에 해당하는 모재균열 신호의 특징을 알기 위해 압전세라믹 센서를 이용하여 시편의 두께와 폭의 변화에 따른 신호특성을 파악하였다. 정량적 파손신호의 특성 분석을 위해 STFT와 Wavelet Transform과 같은 시간 주파수 변환방법을 사용하였으며, 시편의 형상변화에 따라 모재균열 신호의 주파수영역 특성이 변화함을 확인하였다 광섬유 센서로 취득 된 파손신호 및 변형률 측정값을 각각 압전세라믹 센서와 변형률게이지의 결과 값과 서로 비교하였다. 광섬유 센서 시스템들을 이용한 장시간동안의 인장실험 결과 변형률의 값은 변형률게이지의 측정값과 잘 일치하였으며 파손감지 시스템 또한 미세한 파손신호까지 민감하게 감지해 낼 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.541-552
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• 2019

Construction development and greenhouse gas emissions have globally required a strategic management to take some steps to stain and maintain the environment. Nowadays, recycled aggregates, in particular ceramic waste, have been widely used in concrete structures due to the economic and environmentally friendly solution, requiring the knowledge of recycled concrete. Also, one of the materials used as a substitute for concrete cement is wollastonite mineral to decrease carbon dioxide (CO2) from the cement production process by reducing the concrete consumption in concrete. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of wollastonite on the mechanical properties and durability of conventional composite concrete, containing recycled aggregates such as compressive strength, tensile strength (Brazilian test), and durability to acidic environment. On the other hand, in order to determine the strength and durability of the concrete, 5 mixing designs including different wollastonite values and recovered aggregates including constant values have been compared to the water - cement ratio (w/c) constant in all designs. The experimental results have shown that design 5 (containing 40% wollastonite) shows only 6.1% decrease in compressive strength and 4.9% decrease in tensile strength compared to the control plane. Consequently, the use of wollastonite powder to the manufacturing of conventional structural concrete containing recycled ceramic aggregates, in addition to improving some of the properties of concrete are environmentally friendly solutions, providing natural recycling of materials.

• Composites Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

카본 에폭시로 제작된 복합재 압력용기의 노화 특성과 구조 사용 수명 평가를 위해 실내와 실외에서 10년과 15년간 자연노화 시켰다. 노화 특성의 통계적 분포를 구하기 위해 노화된 압력용기로부터 링 시편을 채취하여 수압 파괴 시험을 실시하였다. 그리고 섬유와 수지 계면의 노화 특성 확인을 위해 시험 파편 계면을 SEM을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 섬유 인장 파손 변형률의 와이블 파라미터 값 기준으로 실내에서 10년, 15년 노화되었을 경우 각각 19%와 23% 저하되었으나, 실내와 실외의 노화 특성 차이는 크지 않았다. 그러나 압력용기 외면에 적용한 표면 페인트는 노화 방지에 큰 효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2024

In this paper, iron ore tailings (IOT) were separated from the tailings field and used to prepare cement stabilized macadam (CSM) with porous basalt aggregate. First, the basic properties of the raw materials were studied. Porous basalt was replaced by IOT at ratios of 0, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 % as fine aggregate to prepare CSM, and the effects of different cement dosage (4 %, 5 %, 6 %) on CSM performance were also investigated. CSM's durability and mechanical performance with ages of 7 d, 28 d, and 90 d were studied with the unconfined compression strength test, splitting tensile strength test, compressive modulus test and freeze-thaw test, respectively. The changes in Ca²⁺ content in CSM of different ages and different IOT ratios were analyzed by the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) titration method, and the micro-morphology of CSM with different ages and different IOT replaced ratio were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that with the same cement dosage, the strengths of the IOT-replaced CSM were weaker than that of the porous basalt aggregate at early stage, and the strength was highest at the replaced ratio of 60 %. With a cement dosage of 4 %, the unconfined compressive strength of CSM without IOT was increased by 6.78 % at ages from 28 d to 90 d, while the splitting tensile strength increased by 7.89 %. However, once the IOT replaced ratio reached 100 %, the values increased by about 76.24 % and 17.78 %, which was better than 0 % IOT. The CSM-IOT performed better than the porous basalt CSM at 90 d age. This means IOT can replace porous basalt fine aggregate as a pavement base.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

이 연구는 발거 소구치에서 5급 와동을 형성하여 접착 시스템 및 와동 위치에 따른 상아질에 대한 접착시스템의 미세 인장결합강도의 차이를 비교, 연구하였다. 접착방법은 resin-modified glass ionomer(Gl), compomer(부식여부에 따라 DE 및 DN군으로 분류), 그리고 상아질 접착제인 Single Bond(SB) 및 Cleayfil SE Bond(SE)와 복합레진(Clearfil AP-X)을 사용한 5개의 실험군으로 분류하였다. 소구치 협측 치경부에 wedge형태의 와동을 형성하고 5종의 접착 시스템을 제조자의 지시에 따라 적용, 충전하여 시편을 제작하여 미세인장결합강도를 측정하고, One-way ANOVA / Duncan's test로 통계분석하였다. SEM 검사는 미세인장결합강도의 시편제작과 동일한 방법으로 시편을 제작한 후 관찰하였다. 실험 결과, 상아질 접착제 및 복합레진(SB, SE)의 미세인장결합강도가 GI보다 높게 나타났고(p<0.05), 치은측이 교합측보다 더 낮게 나타났으며, CI, DE, SE에서 유의성 있게 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). Compomer에서 conditioning 여부(DN, DE)에 따른 변화는 치은측에서만 유의차 있는 것으로 나타났다. SEM 관찰에서, 교합측의 상아세관은 결합 계면과 평행하게 주행하였고, 치은측에서는 결합계면에 수직으로 주행하는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1709-1718
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• 2002

It is well recognized that improving capacity of positive grid in battery is one of key factors for controlling the expected long lift-time of Battery Energy Storage System(B.E.S.S). Thus it is really important to characterized material properties of positive grid which are mainly affected by fabrication process. In this study, two kinds of positive grids, which were fabricated by gravity casting and die-casting technique were used. Micro-structural observation and tensile test were conducted to investigate the effect of fabrication process of positive grid. Ultrasonic measurement based on pulse-echo method and ultrasonic C-scan technique also performed to correlate ultrasonic velocity with porosity ratio in positive grid. It was found that the porosity ratio of grid fabricated by gravity casting technique increased significantly compared to the grid fabricated by die-casting technique. It was also shown that ulrasonic technique is effective to evaluate the porosity ratio in positive grid.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2010

Miniaturization and lightweight are increasingly the recent trend in the manufacture of electric appliances and machine parts. So technology of micro joining for joining materials is indispensable. This paper gives a description of an experimental study of the ultrasonic welding of metals. In ultrasonic metal welding, high frequency vibrations are combined with pressure to join two materials together quickly and securely, without producing significant amount of heat. Ultrasonic metal welder consists of Transducer, Booster, and Horn that are designed very accurately to get the natural frequencies and vibration mode. In this study, The horn was designed and analyzed the natural frequency by the modal analysis and harmonic analysis. And using a fiber optic sensor, we measured the amplitude and analyzed the Fast Fourier Transformed result. Using the horn, Ultrasonic metal welding between Ni sheet and Ni sheet of 0.1mm thickness was accomplished under the optimal conditions of static pressure 0.15MPa, vibration amplitude 45% and welding time of 0.28s. This result can be used for ultrasonic metal welding in manufacturing industry.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.627-646
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• 2014

Adobe is one of the oldest construction materials that is still used in many seismic countries, and different construction techniques are found around the world. The adobe material is characterized as a brittle material; it has acceptable compression strength but it has poor performance under tensile and shear loading conditions. Numerical modelling is an alternative approach for studying the nonlinear behaviour of masonry structures such as adobe. The lack of a comprehensive experimental database on the adobe material properties motivated the study developed here. A set of a reference material parameters for the adobe were obtained from a calibration of numerical models based on a quasi-static cyclic in-plane test on full-scale adobe wall representative of the typical Peruvian adobe constructions. The numerical modelling, within the micro and macro modelling approach, lead to a good prediction of the in-plane seismic capacity and of the damage evolution in the adobe wall considered.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 1996

Both cast and extruded composites of SiC whisker reinforced 6061 Al alloy matrix were fabricated by high pressure infiltration of the alloy melt into the SiC preform and subsequent hot extrusion of the composite ingots. The micro structures, age hardening behavior and mechanical properties have been examined on the both cast and extruded composites of SiCw/6061. The cast composites of SiCw/6061 were obtained in which SiC whiskers were randomly oriented. Hot extrusion of these cast composites lead to alignment of the whisker in the direction of extrusion. Strengthening effect of whisker in the extruded composites is lower than that of the cast composites. The cast composites of SiCw/6061 showed higher thensile strength and lower elongation than extruded composites of SiCw/6061 at all testing temperatures. Lower tensile strength and higher elongation of the extruded composites were attributable to fine grain structures in which grain boundary sliding occruued preferentially at elevated temperatures.