• 전자공학회논문지T
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• 제36T권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1999

본 논문은 (1-x-y)PMN-yPT-xST세라믹스의 유전 및 변위특성을 ST의 양에 따라 조사하였다. ST의 성분은 1∼ 6㏖%이내로 변화시켰고 과잉 MgO에 따른 조성변화에 따라 결과를 조사하였다. ST의 성분의 증가에 따라 유전상수는 5㏖%인 조성에서 최대값을 나타내었다. 큐리온도는 ST의 성분이 증가함에 따라 선형적으로 감소하였다. 항전계와 잔류분극은 l㏖%인 조성에서 최대값을 나타내었다. 과잉 MgO의 효과에 따라 유전상수는 0.8PMN-0.12PT-0.04ST조성에서 MgO를 3㏖%까지 과잉 첨가함에 따라 증가하였으나 변위특성은 감소함을 나타내었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.681-685
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 열 변색 물질로 알려진 순수한 $BiVO_4$ 분말과 금속이 도핑된 $M-BiVO_4$ (M = Mg, Cu) 분말들을 bismuth nitrate ($Bi(NO_3)_3$)와 ammonium vanadate ($NH_4VO_3$)의 혼합 수용액으로부터 고압반응기에서 수열 합성법을 통하여 성공적으로 제조하였다. 시료들의 결정구조, 미세구조 및 열 변색 특성들은 FE-SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DSC, UV-Vis-NIR 분광기 및 colorimeter를 이용하여 분석하였다. 시료를 상전이 온도 이상으로 가열시키면, 순수한 $BiVO_4$ 시료에 비하여 $M-BiVO_4$ (M = Mg, Cu) 시료의 색상이 상대적으로 선명하게 열 변색하였다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.377-381
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• 1997

MgO가 2 mole% 첨가된 LiNbO$_{3}$ 결정을 3 V/cm, 5 V/cm, 7 V/cm의 전기장에서 poling하여, 5 V/cm의 전기장이 최적의 조건임을 제2고조파발생의 온도의존도특성을 관찰하여 알 수 있었다. 결정에 공간적으로 변조된 전기장을 인가하여 온도 위상 정합 모양이 찌그러짐을 관찰하였으며, 이 결과와 잘 일치하는 계산값을 정량적으로 구할 수 있었다. 이것으로부터 제2고조파의 온도위상정합모양을 이용하여 결정의 균일성을 판단할 수 있음을 증명하였다. 5 V/cm로 poling된 단결정의 온도 위상 정합 모양으로부터 온도에 따른 복굴절의 변화율, c-축으로 전기장을 인가하여 변화된 위상 정합 온도로부터 전기장에 따른 복굴절의 변화율을 계산하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.371-372
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• 2012

We have studied lead-based gapless semiconductors, $PbPdO_2$, which is very sensitive to external parameters such as temperature, pressure, electric field, etc[1]. We have fabricated pure $PbPdO_2$, Co- and Mn-doped $PbPdO_2$ thin films using the pulsed laser deposition. Because of the volatile element of Pb, it is very difficult to grow the films. Note that in case of $MgB_2$, Mg is also volatile element. So in order to enhance the quality of $MgB_2$, some experiments are carried out in annealing with Mg-rich atmosphere [2]. This annealing process with volatile element plays an important role in making smooth surface. Thus, we applied such process to our studies of $PbPdO_2$ thin films. As a result, we found the optimal condition of ex-situ annealing temperature ${\sim}650^{\circ}C$ and time ~12 hrs. The ex-situ annealing brought the extreme change of surface morphology of thin films. After ex-situ annealing with PbO-rich atmosphere, the grain size of thin film was almost 100 times enlarged for all the thin films and also the PbO impurity phase was smeared out. And from X-ray diffraction measurements, we determined highly crystallized phases after annealing. So, we measured electrical and magnetic properties. Because of reduced grain boundary, the resistivity of ex-situ annealed samples changed smaller than no ex-situ sample. And the carrier densities of thin films were decreased with ex-situ annealing time. In this case, oxygen vacancies were removed by ex-situ annealing. Furthermore, we will discuss the transport and magnetic properties in pure $PbPdO_2$, Co- and Mn-doped $PbPdO_2$ thin films in detail.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2016

$Eu^{3+}$-doped $MgMoO_4$ phosphor thin films were deposited on quartz substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering with changing various growth temperatures. The effects of growth temperature on the structure, transmittance, optical band gap, and luminescence of the phosphor thin films were characterized. All the phosphor thin films, irrespective of growth temperature, showed a monoclinic structure with a main (220) diffraction peak. The thin film deposited at a growth temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ indicated an average transmittance of 90% in the wavelength range of 500 ~ 1100 nm and band gap energy of 4.81 eV. The excitation spectra of the phosphor thin films consisted of a broad charge transfer band peaked at 284 nm in the range of 230 ~ 330 nm and two weak peaks located at 368 and 461 nm, respectively. The emission spectra under ultraviolet excitation at 284 nm exhibited a sharp emission peak at 614 nm and several weak bands. All the phosphor thin films showed high asymmetry ratio values, indicating that $Eu^{3+}$ ions incorporated into the host lattice occupied at the non-inversion symmetry sites. The results suggest that the growth temperature plays an important role in growing high-quality phosphor thin films.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2004

The ability of inherently conducting polymer (ICP) coated textiles to recover gold metal from aqueous solutions containing $[AuCl_4]^-$ was investigated. Nylon-lycra, nylon, acrylic, polyester and cotton were coated with a layer of polypyrrole (PPy) doped with 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (NDSA), 2-anthraquinonesulfonic acid (AQSA) or p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTS). Textiles coated with polyaniline (PAn) doped with chloride were also used. The highest gold capacity was displayed by PPy/NDSA/nylon-lycra, which exhibited a capacity of 115 mgAu/g coated textile, or 9700 mgAu/g polymer. Varying the underlying textile substrate or the ICP coating had a major effect on the gold capacity of the composites. Several ICP coated textiles recovered more than 90 % of the gold initially present in solutions containing 10 ppm $[AuCl_4]^-$ and 0.1 M HCl in less than 1 min. Both PPy/NDSA/nylon-lycra and PAn/Cl/nylon-lycra recovered approximately 60 % of the gold and none of the iron present in a solution containing 1 ppm $[AuCl_4]^-$, 1000 ppm $Fe^{3+}$ and 0.1 M HCl. The spontaneous and sustained recovery of gold metal from aqueous solutions containing $[AuCl_4]^-$ using ICP coated textiles has good prospects as a potential future technology.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.267-272
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• 1999

Czochralski법으로 성장시킨 조화용융조성(48.6 mol%$LiNbO_3$)의 undoped 및 MgO-doped $LiNbO_3$ 단결정 내의 미소결함을 광학현미경 및 주사/투과 전자현미경을 이용하여 정밀분석하였다. Dopant 첨가 및 성장된 부위(g)에 따른 분역구조의 변화와 결함밀도를 측정함으로써 결함양상을 분석하고 최적 결정성장조건과의 상관관계를 고찰하였다. 강자성 분역벽 주변의 높은 결함밀도는 이 근처가 응력이 집중된 영역임을 반영하고, 특히 한쪽 방향의 분역벽에만 결함이 밀집된 결함구조를 가지고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.382-385
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• 2021

Electrical poling is a crucial step to convert ferroelectrics to piezoelectrics. Nevertheless, no systematic investigation on the effect of poling has been reported. Given that the poling involves an alignment of spontaneous polarization, the condition for poling should be different when a material has an internal bias field that influences the domain stability. Here, we present the effect of poling profile on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties in Mn-doped Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-29 mol%PbTiO₃ single crystal with an internal bias field. We showed that both the dielectric permittivity and the piezoelectric coefficient were further enhanced when the poling procedure ends with a field application along the opposite direction to the internal bias field. We expect that the current finding would give a clue to understanding the true mechanism for the electrical poling.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2014

The microwave dielectric properties of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles (0.5, 1.0 & 1.5wt%) doped $Mg_2TiO_4$ (MTO) ceramics have been investigated at cryogenic temperatures. The XRD patterns of the samples were refined using the full proof program reveal the inverse spinel structure without any secondary phases. The addition of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles lowered the sintering temperature with enhancement in density and grain size as compared to pure MTO ceramics. This is attributed to the higher sintering velocity of the fine particles. Further, the microwave dielectric properties of the MTO ceramics were measured at cryogenic temperatures in the temperature range of 6.5-295 K. It is observed that the loss tangent ($tan{\delta}$) of all the samples increased with temperature. However, the $CeO_2$ nanoparticles doped MTO ceramics manifested lower loss tangents as compared to the pure MTO ceramics. The loss tangents of the pure and MTO ceramics doped with 1.5 wt% of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles measured at 6.5K are found to be $6.6{\times}10^{-5}$ and $5.4{\times}10^{-5}$, respectively. The addition of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles did not cause any changes on the temperature stability of the MTO ceramics at cryogenic temperatures. On the other hand, the temperature coefficient of the permittivity increased with rise in temperature and with the wt% of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles. The obtained lower loss tangent values at cryogenic temperatures can be attributed to the decrease in both intrinsic and extrinsic losses in the MTO ceramics.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.166-173
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• 2018

In order to investigate the effect of Mn on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PMN-PT [$Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-PbTiO_3$], four different types of 71PMN-29PT samples were prepared using the solid-state single crystal growth (SSCG) method: (1) Undoped single crystals, (2) undoped polycrystalline ceramics, (3) Mn-doped single crystals, and (4) Mn-doped polycrystalline ceramics. In the case of single crystals, the addition of 0.5 mol% Mn to PMN-PT decreased the dielectric constant ($K_3{^T}$), piezoelectric charge constant ($d_{33}$), and dielectric loss (tan ${\delta}$) by about 50%, but increased the coercive electric field ($E_C$) by 50% and the electromechanical quality factor ($Q_m$) by 500%, respectively. The addition of Mn to PMN-PT induced an internal bias electric field ($E_I$) and thus specimens changed from piezoelectrically soft-type to piezoelectrically hard-type. This Mn effect was more significant in single crystals than in ceramics. These results demonstrate that Mn-doped 71PMN-29PT single crystals, because they are piezoelectrically hard and simultaneously have high piezoelectric and electromechanical properties, have great potential for application in fields of SONAR transducers, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and ultrasonic motors.