• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.165-168
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• 1999

The coil design of induction heating systems and their optimization are of paramount importance for semi-solid processing(SSP) The authors of this paper present the coil design and optimization of a 60 Hz induction heating system for ALTHIX 86S (Al-6%_Si-3%Cu-0.3%Mg) alloy. An objective function on the basis of the optimization process for the coil design is proposed by introducing an optimization technique. Finally the results of the optimal coil design are also applied to the induction heating process to obtain a fine globular microstructure. The proposed new objective function based on the computational techniques would contribute to obtaining the thixoformed components with good mechanical properties and reducing lead time.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.322-329
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• 2020

The utilization of aluminum scrap is a subject of great importance in terms of reducing energy consumption and environmental protection. However, aluminum scrap contains impurities, which can degrade the properties of aluminum alloy, especially corrosion resistance. This study examines the effect of scrap charge rate of aluminum alloys about microstructures and corrosion characteristics. According to the metallographic examinations, Mg2Si tended to become coarser and its uniformity was decreased by increasing aluminum scrap charge rate. The immersion test exhibited corrosion progressed through the eutectic areas due to micro-galvanic interactions. Electrochemical measurements revealed that excess aluminum scrap could reduce the intergranular corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. Results showed that the scrap charge rate is important factor in the design of corrosion resistance of aluminum die casting alloys.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.505-510
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• 2002

The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a new joining method that was developed at The Welding Institute (TWI) in England in 1991. It applied heating by the rotational friction and material plastic flow. It was developed as a new joining method to solve the problems of epochally in the welding of Al alloys. In the study, 6000series of Alloy composed of AI-Mg-Si, one of the Al alloys that are utilized for shipbuilding and construction, is selected as a specimen and the numerical is executed against the welded zone of FSW. The material used in this study had the unique properties of strength and anti-corrosion, but since the welded joint of this material is easily softened by the welding heat, FSW is executed and the numerical analysis is carried out around the joint. To examine the mechanical behaviors and properties, F.E.M analysis is executed and the developed thermal-elastic-plastic [mite analysis are used.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.66-74
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• 2004

The sliding wear behavior of $ZrO_2-22wt\%MgO\;(MZ)\;and\;ZrO_2-8wt\%Y_2O_3\;(YZ)$ deposited on a casting aluminum alloy with bond layer (NiCrCoAlY) by plasma spray against an SiC ball was investigated under dry test conditions at room temperature. At all load conditions, the wear mechanisms of the MZ and the YZ coatings were almost the same. The wear mechanisms involved the forming of a smooth film by material transferred on the sliding surface and pullout. The wear rate of the MZ coating was less than that of the YZ coating. With an increase normal load the wear rate of the studied coatings increased. The SEM was used to examine the sliding surfaces and elucidate likely wear mechanisms. The EDX analysis of the worn surface indicated that material transfer was occurred from the SiC ball to the disk. It was suggested that the material transfer played an important role in the wear performance.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2020

3D 프린팅은 고분자, 세라믹, 금속 등 다양한 소재를 대상으로 복합적인 형상을 한 번의 공정으로 제작할 수 있는 적층 기반 제작 기술이다. 최근의 3D 프린팅 기술은 프린팅 속도의 향상과 적용 가능 소재의 지속적인 개발에 의해 양산형 제품 생산이 가능한 수준으로 발전하였다. 본 연구에서는 레이저를 활용한 3D 프린팅 기술을 적용하여 철도 차량용 공기 압축기에 쓰이는 열교환기 제작을 진행하였다. 먼저 3D 프린팅에 적합한 형상으로 경량화 및 컴팩트화를 주안점으로 열교환기의 최적 설계를 진행하였다. 그로부터 도출된 설계안을 기반으로 SLM 기법을 적용하여 AlSi10Mg 합금 소재로 열교환기 시작품을 제작하였다. 다음으로, 제작된 시작품을 기존 공기 압축기에 부착하여, 압축공기의 열교환 성능을 시험하였다. 3D 프린팅 시작품의 시험 결과는 기존 열교환기 대비하여 저압부와 고압부에서 열교환 성능은 각각 약 80% 및 85% 수준을 보였다, 하지만 외부 냉각공기 조건을 기존 열교환기와 유사한 조건으로 가정하였을 때 𝓔-NTU 법을 활용하여 계산한 열전달량은 기존 열교환기 대비하여 유사한 성능을 보여 주었다. 결과적으로, 3D 프린팅 제작 열교환기의 성능 효과 및 경량화 등의 장점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2002

Aluminum casting/forging process is used to produce an aluminum tie-rod end for the steering system of automobiles. Firstly, casting experiments were carried out to get a good preform for forging the tie-rod end. In the casting experiment, the effects of additives, Ti+B, Zr, Sr, and Mg, on the mechanical properties and the microstructure of a cast preform were investigated. And a finite element analysis was performed to determine an optimal configuration of the cast preform. Lastly, a forging experiment was carried out to make the final product of aluminum tie-rod end by using the above cast preform. In the casting experiments, when 0.2% Ti+B and 0.25% Zr were simultaneously added into molten Al-Si alloy, the highest values of tensile strength and elongation of the cast preform were obtained. When 0.04% Sr were added into the molten aluminum alloy, the finest silicon-structure was observed in the cast preform. The highest hardness was obtained when 0.2% Mg was added. In the forging experiment, It was confirmed that the optimal configuration of a cast preform predicted by FE analysis was very useful. The hardness of a cast/forged product using designed preform was superior to that of required specification.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2001년도 추계학술강연 및 발표대회
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• pp.7-7
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• 2001

The increasing interest in light weight materials coupled to the need for cost -effective processing have combined to create a significant opportunity for aluminum P/M. particularly in the automotive industry in order to reduce fuel emissions and improve fuel economy at affordable prices. Additional potential markets for Al PIM parts include hand tools. Where moving parts against gravity represents a challenge; and office machinery, where reciprocating forces are important. Aluminum PIM adds light weight, high compressibility. low sintering temperatures. easy machinability and good corrosion resistance to all advantages of conventional iron bm;ed P/rv1. Current commercial alloys are pre-mixed of either the AI-Si-Mg or AL-Cu-Mg-Si type and contain 1.5% ethylene bis-stearamide as an internal lubricant. The powder is compacted in closed dies at pressure of 200-500Mpa and sintered in nitrogen at temperatures between $580~630^{\circ}C$ in continuous muffle furnace. For some applications no further processing is required. although most applications require one or more secondary operations such as sizing and finishing. These sccondary operations improve the dimension. properties or appearance of the finished part. Aluminum is often considered difficult to sinter because of the presence of a stable surface oxide film. Removal of the oxide in iron and copper based is usually achieved through the use of reducing atmospheres. such as hydrogen or dissociated ammonia. In aluminum. this occurs in the solid st,lte through the partial reduction of the aluminum by magncsium to form spinel. This exposcs the underlying metal and facilitates sintering. It has recently been shown that < 0.2% Mg is all that is required. It is noteworthy that most aluminum pre-mixes contain at least 0.5% Mg. The sintering of aluminum alloys can be further enhanced by selective microalloying. Just 100ppm pf tin chnnges the liquid phase sintering kinetics of the 2xxx alloys to produce a tensile strength of 375Mpa. an increilse of nearly 20% over the unmodified alloy. The ductility is unnffected. A similar but different effect occurs by the addition of 100 ppm of Pb to 7xxx alloys. The lend changes the wetting characteristics of the sintering liquid which serves to increase the tensile strength to 440 Mpa. a 40% increase over unmodified aIloys. Current research is predominantly aimed at the development of metal matrix composites. which have a high specific modulus. good wear resistance and a tailorable coefficient of thermal expnnsion. By controlling particle clustering and by engineering the ceramic/matrix interface in order to enhance sintering. very attractive properties can be achicved in the ns-sintered state. I\t an ils-sintered density ilpproaching 99%. these new experimental alloys hnve a modulus of 130 Gpa and an ultimate tensile strength of 212 Mpa in the T4 temper. In contest. unreinforcecl aluminum has a modulus of just 70 Gpa.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.1855-1862
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• 2023

Graphite crucibles are used for melting uranium and its alloys in VIM furnace. Various coating materials namely Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, MgO etc. are applied on the inner surface of the crucibles using paint brush or thermal spray technique to mitigate U-C interaction. These leads to significant amount of carbon pick-up in uranium. In this study, the attempts are made to develop multilayer coatings comprising of SiC/Y₂O₃ and Mo/Y₂O₃ on graphite to study the feasibility of minimizing U-C interaction. The parameters are optimized to prepare SiC coating of about 70㎛ thickness using CVD technique on graphite coupons and subsequently Y₂O₃ coating of about 250㎛ thickness using plasma spray technique. Molybdenum and Y₂O₃ layers were deposited using plasma spray technique with 70㎛ and 250㎛ thickness, respectively. Interaction studies of the coated graphite with molten uranium at 1450℃ for 20 min revealed that Y₂O₃ coating with SiC interlayer provides physical barrier for uranium-graphite interaction, however, this led to the physical separation of coating layer. Y₂O₃ coating with Mo interlayer provided superior barrier effect showing no degradation and the coatings remained intact after interaction tests. Therefore, the Mo/Y₂O₃ coating was found to be a promising solution for minimizing carbon pick-up during uranium/uranium alloy melting.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2014

Most publications on friction stir welding describe phenomena or results with given process parameters like feed rate, rotation speed, angle and depth of penetration. But without a complete documentation of tool design, the results under the same process parameters are completely different. For this purpose, the Institute of Cutting and Joining Manufacturing Processes (tff), University of Kassel investigated the influence of tool roughness on the friction stir welding process. Therefore a defined surface finish was produced by turning and die sinking. As basis of comparison the constant parameters were rotation speed, feed rate, tilt angle and a heel plunge depth. Sound butt-welds were produced in aluminium alloy 6082 (AlMgSi1) with 1.5 mm sheet thickness with a turned reference tool with a surface of $Ra=0.575{\mu}m$ in position controlled mode. The surfaces are manufactured from a very fine to a very rough structure, classified by the VDI-classes with differences in the arithmetical mean roughness. It can be demonstrated with the help of temperature measures, that less heat is generated at the surfaces of the shoulder and the pin by the higher roughness due to lower active friction contact surface. This can also be seen in the resulting wormhole defects.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of impurity level and fabrication processes on the strength, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance of 7075, 7050 and 7175 high strength aluminum forgings. It has been verified that plane strain fracture toughness and fatigue characteristics of a specially processed 7175S-T74 alloy is superior to a conventionally processed 7075-T6/T73, 7050-T74 and 7175-T74 alloys. These beneficial effects primarily arise from two view points, i.e., the effect of reducing the impurity level of iron and silicon has significantly diminished the size and volume fraction of second phase particles such as $Al_7Cu_2Fe$ and $Mg_2Si$. Futher reduction of the amount of nonequilibrium second phase particles has been observed by applying a special fabrication process.