• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.1308-1322
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• 2023

Minerals is required small amounts among various nutrients, but it has a significant impact on sow longevity and reproduction performance. This study was carried out to see the beneficial effects of marine-derived Ca-Mg complex on the reproductive performance of sows during four-parity periods. Seventy-two gilts ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc), with an average body weight of 181 kg, were randomly allocated to three groups; CON (basal diet), 0.3LC (CON - MgO - 0.3% limestone + 0.4% Ca-Mg complex), and 0.7LC (CON - MgO - 0.7% limestone + 0.4% Ca-Mg complex). During parity 3 and 4, the expression level of SCD gene was lower in the umbilical cord of piglets born to 0.3LC and 0.7LC sows compared with the CON sows. During parity 2, 3 and 4, SLC2A2 and FABP4 gene expressions were higher in the umbilical cord of piglets born to 0.7LC sows and the placenta of sows from 0.3LC groups, respectively. Ca-Mg complex increased (p < 0.05) Ca and Mg concentrations in sows and their piglets' serum as well as in colostrum regardless of parities. The serum vitamin D concentration was higher (p < 0.05) in their first parity, whereas serum prolactin and estrogen concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) during the fourth and third parity, respectively. The growth hormone concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in the piglets born to sows during the first and second parity. The fat and immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentrations in colostrum were higher (p < 0.05) during the third and fourth parity, respectively. A reduction (p < 0.05) in salivary cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations was observed in 0.3LC and 0.7LC sow groups compared with CON after farrowing regardless of parity, however before farrowing, a reduction in norepinephrine was observed. Before farrowing, the epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) during the first and second parity. After farrowing, the concentration of these hormones was higher during the second parity. Taken together, sows' parity and dietary Ca-Mg complex supplementation influenced serum metabolites, colostrum nutrients, stress hormones as well as the gene expressions related to lipid and glucose metabolism.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.244-250
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• 2017

Reduction of (${\pm}$)-3-ketoproline ethyl ester (1) by $NaBH_4$ in the presence of $CaCl_2$ and $MgCl_2$ as the chelating agents gave selective products cis-3(R/S)-alcohols, while reduction by $NaBH_4$ alone or chelated with $NiCl_2$ and $AlBr_3$ gave mixtures of cis- and trans-alcohols. The reduction of (${\pm}$)-1 by various vegetables however, gave exclusively the cis-alcohol as the major and trans-alcohol as the minor. On the contrary, reduction of (${\pm}$)-1 by carrot afforded a mixture of cis- and trans-alcohols, in which the trans-alcohol exists as the major product. In addition, we found that this biocatalyst selectively converted S-enantiomer of (${\pm}$)-1 to the cis-alcohol, and R-enantiomer to a mixture of cis- and trans-alcohols with cis-alcohol as the major product. This fact prompted us to use various fresh plant tissues for stereoselective reduction of diverse types of pyrrolidinones, as its stereoselectivity towards racemic mixtures is higher compared to that using chemical reducing agents.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2005

nm23-H1 gene expression has been inversely correlated with tumor metastatic potential in certain tumors including melanomas, breast carcinomas, and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, its role with respect to the invasive behavior of central nervous system tumors has scarcely been addressed Because cell motility and invasion plays an essential role in metastatic dissemination, we have studied whether motile human glioma cell(U87MG) transfected with nm23-H1 complementary DNA have any alterations in their ability to migrate and invade. There was no significant changes in the shape and size of the cells following nm23-H1 transfection. The role of nm23-H1 in glioma migration and invasion have been evaluated by in vitro simple scratch technique and brain slice invasion model Basal migration ability of nm23-H1 transfectants cell(U87MG-pEGFP-nm23) were lesser than U87MG. Accordingly, U87MG-pEGFP-nm23 didn't migrate away apparently from the tumors implanted site comparing U87MG in brain slice invasion model. These results suggest that nm23-H1 may play an important role in suppressing the human glioma migration and invasion.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2003

We studied the effect of Bamboo salt-pro on the growth and acid production of S. mutans. The growth of S.mutans was reduced by the presence of the Bamboo salt-pro (1 mg/ml) and NaCl (1 mg/ml) significantly, and the positive control group (1 % of NaF) also exhibited antibacterial activity significantly. Bamboo salt-pro (1 mg/ml) reduced the rate of acid production by S. mutans. Bamboo salt alone did not demonstrate such a reduction in acid production at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The inhibitory action of Bamboo salt-pro on acid production was found at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, but bamboo salt alone was not at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. In addition, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of Bamboo salt-pro on human mast cell line HMC-1. Bamboo salt-pro (0.1 and 0.01 mg/ml) inhibited significantly the secretion of inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-a with $59.47{\pm}0.15%$, $51.98{\pm}0.16%$ respectively. Our results suggest that Bamboo salt-pro importantly contributes to the prevention or treatment of periodontitis and other oral diseases and inflammatory diseases.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 1996

Rabbit corpus cavernosal smooth muscle strips submaximally precontracted with phenylephrine (5$\times$$10^6$ M) and treated with increasing concentrations of Korean ginseng (1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg/ml) showed tension decrease concentration-dependently (1 mg/ml: 1.7%, 5 mg/ml: 10.2%, 10 mg/ml: 22.7%, 20 mg/ml: 44.0%, 30 mg/ml: 65.2%, 40 mg/ml: 95.6%). Relaxations to Korean ginseng were inhibited significantly by endothelial disruption, by pretreatment with methylene blue, pyrogallol, L-NNA and atropine. Pretreatment of the muscle strips with ginseng caused concentration-related inhibition of a phenylephrine induced contraction, and in calcium-free high potassium depolarizing solution, decreased basal tension as well as inhibited contraction induced by Caclr. Korean ginseng also produced the reduction of responses to depolarizing medium(50, 40, 60 mM KCI). With these results we can confirm the relaxation effect of ginseng at a dose dependent on the cavernosal smooth muscle and suggest that its action is mediated by multiple action mechanisms that include increasing the release of nitric oxide from the corporal sinusoids. Increasing intracellular calcium sequestration, and a hyperpolarizating action.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Hypercholesterolaemia is one of the risk factors of coronary health in humans; hence this research was to investigate the effect of Parkia biglobosa seeds fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum on the cardiac risk factors of diet-induced hypercholesterolaemic Wistar rats. Hypercholesterolaemia in rats were experimentally induced and the hypercholesterolaemic Wistar rats were treated with iru samples. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), liver biomarkers and cardiac risks factors were determined after inducement and treatment with iru. Fourteen (14)-days after inducement, the rats in the group induced had the highest weight of 112.40 g while the control group had 94.30 g. The total cholesterol (TC) in the induced group was 100.80 mg/dl while the control had 51.40 mg/dl, triglyceride (TG) in the induced group was 111.75 mg/dl while the control group had 68.45 mg/dl. After 28 days of treatment, the group treated with fermented samples showed a reduction in the TC (100.80 to 56.99 mg/dl), Triglyceride (111.75 to 32.53 mg/dl), LDL (49.48 to 6.65 mg/dl), cardiac risk ratio (3.36 to 1.28), atherogenic coefficient (3.13-0.29) and atherogenic index (0.57 to 0.11). The result from this study reveals that fermented Parkia biglobosa sample reduced the cardiac risk of rats significantly.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2022

The effect of electron beam (EB) irradiation on superconducting properties and microstructures of MgB₂ bulk superconductors were investigated. At E-beam doses of 1×10¹⁶ e/cm² and 1×10¹⁷ e/cm², the effect of irradiation on a superconducting transition temperature (T_c) of MgB₂ was weak. As a dose increases to 5×10¹⁷ e/cm², T_c decreases by 0.5 K. The critical current density (J_c) measured at 4.2 K and 20 K, and 0 T - 5 T increases slightly as exposure time increases. X-ray diffraction for the irradiation surface of MgB₂ shows that the diffraction intensity of (hkl) peaks decreases proportionally as the exposure time increases. This indicates that the crystallinity of MgB₂ was degraded by irradiation. TEM investigation for the irradiated sample showed distorted lattice structure, which is consistent with the XRD results. The J_c increase and T_c reduction of MgB₂ by irradiation are believed to be caused by the lattice distortion.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.1491-1494
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• 2006

We report a method for reducing the address discharge delay. The address discharge delay was reduced when the MgO protective layer was made on the dielectric area which was made rough intentionally. The delay reduction was more pronounced in the formative delay.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.307-310
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• 2003

Ethanol extract of Actinidia polygama Max. (AP) was examined for hypouricemic activity in potassium oxonateinduced hyperuricemic animal model. Ethanol extract of AP lowered the plasma uric acid level by 20％ when compared to the hyperuricemic control group. AP ether fraction at a dose of 100 mg/kg showed 27％ reduction, whose efficacy was comparable to the probenecid-treated group. AP ether fraction-treated group also showed 23％ reduction of urate in urine and this result suggests that AP ether fraction has anti-gout activity probably due to xanthine oxidase inhibition.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.939-944
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• 2012

The electrochemical behavior of magnesium ions was examined by cyclic voltammetry in a molten $MgCl_2-CaCl_2$-NaCl salt. The reduction potential of magnesium ions was measured and those values were estimated with the variation of the concentration of $MgCl_2$ and the temperature of molten salts. The diffusion coefficient of the $Mg^{2+}$ ions has been determined at 660, 680, 700, 720 and $740^{\circ}C$. The values were $8.79{\times}10^{-6}$, $9.56{\times}10^{-6}$, $1.17{\times}10^{-5}$, $1.4{\times}10^{-5}$ and $1.77{\times}10^{-5}\;cm^2\;s^{-1}$. The activation energy for the diffusion processes of $Mg^{2+}$ ions was found to be $70.28\;kJ\;mol^{-1}$ by using the Arrhenius equation.