• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 1973

The results, which was analytically surveyed the free amino acids by the automatic amino acid analyzer adding the enzyme on the Korean cow's fore shank muscles, are as follows: 1. The content of free amino acids in the fore shank muscles, without addition of the enzyme orderly contains alanine, glutamic acid, lysine, glycine, histidine, leucine, threonine, arginine, cystine, serine, proline, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, methionine, aspartic acid and valine. 2. In accordance with the addition of the enzyme, by 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1% the nine free amino acids of glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine and arginine were continuosly increased. 3. Proline and histidine were decreased at the enzyme addition of 0.01% after showing the high content at the control, but the quantity of free amino acids was increased according to the increase of the quantity of the enzyme. 4. Aspartic acid, threonine, serine, methionine, tyrosine and phenylalanine were increased till the enzyme addition of 0.05% and remarkably decreased from 0.1%. 5. At cooking the meat, the quantity of the enzyme addition was most effective at 0.05% of meat weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.37-40
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• 1982

Fifteen free amino acids except tryptophan, proline and cystine were identified from Korean red ginseng and dried ginsengs from Korea, America and Canada using by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Arginine was 72.6% of total free amino acids in the red ginseng and 48.2 to 68.7% in the dried ginsengs. The content of each free amino acid was lower in the red ginseng than in Korean dried ginseng. Most free amino acids in Korean dried ginseng showed higher content than those in American and Canadian ones. Tryptophan, proline cystine, methionine and phenylalanine were not detected in the extracts of red ginseng and of Korean white ginseng. Arginine was highest in these extracts and all free amino acids were higher in the white ginseng extract.

• Plant Resources
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

Soybean is an important crop because its seed has very high protein relative to others. The quality of soy protein is limited by the concentration of the sulfur-containing amino acids in the amino acid profile. Among the supply of various forms of 0.4mM sulfur as S nutrition during seed fill. only 0.4mM L-methionine can inhibit ${\beta}$-subunit synthesis completely and produce the highest glycinin-containing seeds. Compared to 0.4mM sulfate control, seeds supplied by 0.4mM L-methionine have lower ${\alpha}$-, no ${\beta}$-subunit, and highly increased glycinin without altering total protein concentration. Supply of 0.2mM cystine (0.4mM S) did not affect the accumulative pattern of seed storage protein (SSP) subunits. In the supply of L-methionine, 0.2mM treatment showed higher glycinin in seeds but 0.05mM resulted in lower glycinin than tile sulfate control. The relative abundance of ${\alpha}^`$-subunit was not altered by any N or S nutrition. Under 5mM nitrogen, protein concentration was increased about 3-5% by substituting ammonia for nitrate during seed fill independent of nutrition. The increase resulted in the only increase of 7S protein, mainly ${\beta}$-subunit. Our data suggest that the regulatory system of SSP genes responds to the balance between N and S assimilates supplied from mother plant. and controls the di fferential synthesis of their subunits for the maximum protein accumulation in developing soybean seed.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.466-469
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• 2002

An experiment has been conducted to measure the impact of UV radiation sensitivity on dermatophytes (Microsporum boullardii) by different UV radiation exposure time interval (1 min, 2 min 5 min, 10 min and 20 min) in degradation of keratin (Feather) in growth promoting substances of protein, cysteine, cystine and methionine from 7 to 28 days of incubation period. Mutant strain caused maximum weight loss with 1 minutes of UV radiation exposure at 21 day and mutant strain became immune in sensitivity at 14 days for decomposition of feathers. Maximum protein caused at 21st days with 20 minutes U.V radiation exposure and immune sensitivity had deducted with other UV radiation exposure time. On 28 days, mutant strains became immune with all exposure times, Whereas maximum methionine caused at 21st days with 20 minutes UV radiation exposure. Maximum cysteine caused at $14^{th}$ day with 5 minutes UV radiation exposure and mutant strain showed immune response at all time periods. Cystine production was also followed by cysteine at 21 day and also showed complete immune response with 1 and 2 minutes UV radiation exposure at7 and 14 days. Thus mutant strain of Microspornm boullardii can be used as a biotechnological tool for production of growth promoting substances.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1981

By using the paper chromatograph technique affinity of amino acids to the mercury was compared with that of sodium thiosulfate, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol(BAL) and inosinic acid. Among the amino acids of testment three acids (Cysteine, Cystine and Methionine) which posses sulfide or disulfide radical exhibited a spot which combined more apparently with the mercury than other amino acids. However, in the mixed solutions of thiosulfate, BAL or inosinic acid with those amino acid and mercury, the mercury was moved into thiosulfate, BAL or inosinic acid spot. It was clear from the results that affinity of sodiume thiosulfate, BAL and inosinic acid to the mercury is higher than that of amino acids.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 1997

Improvement of seed protein quality might be an essential issus in soybean and would give more profit directly to both farmers and users. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of reduced-S form(s) on seed storage protein components in soybean during seed filling stages. The reduced-S forms during seed fill were sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide, thioaceteat, $\beta$-mercaptoethanol, thiourea, thiamine-HCI, L-cysteine, L-cystine, and L-methionine. Seed storage protein concentration did not appear to be affected by any reduced-S forms. However, glycinin and $\beta$-conglycinin concentration seemed to be changed greatly by L-methionine. This resulted in the increase in the 11S/7S ratio(3.58). Among the $\beta$-conglycinin, $\beta$-subunit was not accumulated at all. $\alpha$-subunit concentration appeared to be decreased and $\alpha'$-subunit concentration was not altered in comparison with sulfate control. Also, $\beta$-conglycine concentration, especially $\beta$-subunit concentration, tended to be decreased with L-cystine treatment, resulting in an increase in the 11S/7S ratio(1.83). The glycinin concentration tended to be increased at the expense of the decrease in the $\beta$-conglycinin concentration. Therefore, it is suggested that enhancing soybean protein quality would be achieved by improving metabolic pathways of S assimilation in soybean plants during seed filling period under sulfate-sufficient condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1988

This study was carried out in order to analyse the amino acid constituents of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino (G. P. M. ) produced in Korea and Japan. Total and free amino acids of those were analysed by HPLC. Total amino acid contents of G. P. M. produced in Korea were similar to that of produced in Japan. The Histidine content of G. P. M. produced in Korea was more rich than that of produced in Japan. The content of glutamic acid was the most rich among in kinds of amino acids in both hind of G. P. M. G. P. M. in Korea contained the least methionine and G. P. M. from Japan contained the least cystine.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.6
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• pp.29-31
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• 1965

The distribution of water soluble free amino acids in various parts of sheep muscles were observed. amino acids of cystine, histidine, aspartic acid, arginine, hydroxy proline, threonine, glutamic acid alanine, proline, methionine, tryptophan, leucine, iso-leucine, glycine, creatine, and two or four different kinds of amino acid content in each tissues, M. longissimus. Overall, the distribution of content of amino acids are seemed to be different for each tissues, while for hydroxyproline the result was negative.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.249-252
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• 1986

This quantitative analysis was carried out in order to investigate the isolation and identification of total amino acids and free sugars in Lycii fructus by using amino acid autoanalyzer and HPLC. 17 kinds of amino acids were analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer, that is, aspartic acid, proline, glyclne, analine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenyla lanine, histidine, lysine, arginine, threonine, serine and glutamic acid. Threonine (3,745mg/100g) was the richest among them and total amounts of the essential amino acid, which was 53.93% of total amino acids, was 10,773mg/100g. Free sugars isolated by HPLC wet·e glucose, fructose and saccharose.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.201-210
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• 1965

Leuconostoc mesenteroides P-60, Lactobacillus arabinosus 17-5, Streptococcus faecalis R have been successfully used for the quantitative determination of sixteen amino acids in Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar hydrolysate by alkaline and hydrolysis for succesive two hours from two to twelve hours, by means of microbiological assay. And thiamine and riboflavin were fluorometrically determinated by thiochrome and lumiflavin in powder (80mesh) of Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar. The results were as follows: 1) Arginine contents was the highest in hydrolysate for two hours, but longer the hydrolysis, the more content Undaria pinnatifida was decreased. 2) The adequate contents of other amino acids were obtained by hydrolysis for six hours. 3) Growth check and improve of Lactobacillus were not identified in determination by microbiological assay for Undaria pinnatifida. 4) The following values were obtained in Undaria pinnatifida hydrolysate six hours: asparatic acid 466, arginine 230, lysine 317, histidine 74, isoleucine 242, methionine 202, phenylalanine 256, proline 231, threonine 231, tyrosine 161, valine 415, glycine 302, leucine 414, glutamic acid 625, cystine (5 hrs.) 53 and tryptophan (8 hrs.) 90mg per nitrogen one gram. 5) Protein score was 81 (limiting factor was isoleucine) and essential amino acids pattern was of satisfactory results. And methionine contained was higher than FAO value or milk value. 6) Sulphur contained amino acids (methionine plus cystine) contained in Undaria pinnatifida were 225mg/N-g. That was satisfactory results. 7) Absorption spectrum of wave length were not different 1% HAc from buffer-sol. (pH 6.8) in dilution for determination of riboflavin. Both methods might be suitable. 8) Thiamine and riboflavin contained in Undaria pinnatifida were ($B_1,\;82.51{\pm}1.1){\gamma}/N-g\;and\;(B_2,\;115.29{\pm}1.5){\gamma}/N-g.$.