• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.76-80
• /
• 2015

Purpose: Methimazole is an anti-thyroid drug that can cause life-threatening neutropenia in rare situations. The aim of this case report is to describe a set of oral complications associated with methimazole-induced neutropenia and the healing of the gingiva after proper treatment. Methods: A 31-year-old female patient hospitalized for systemic symptoms of sore throat and fever and showing extensive gingival necrosis with pain was referred to the Department of Periodontics from the Department of Endocrinology. Methimazole-induced neutropenia was diagnosed based on blood test results and her medical history. Methimazole was discontinued and a range of treatments was administered, including the injection of granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Results: After systemic treatment, the gingiva began to heal as the neutrophil count increased. Approximately one year later, the gingiva had returned to a normal appearance. Twenty-one months after treatment, sequestra of the alveolar bone that had broken through the gingiva were removed. Periodic supportive periodontal treatment has been continued uneventfully. Conclusions: The oral manifestations of gingival necrosis and ulcerations, in combination with systemic symptoms such as fever and sore throat, are the critical signs presented in the early stages of drug-induced neutropenia. Therefore, dentists need to be aware of these oral complications in order to make an accurate diagnosis and to ensure that prompt medical intervention is provided.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.203-213
• /
• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the symptomatic relief effect of a herbal prescription combined with methimazole for hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease. Methods : After diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, methimazole was initially administered alone. As the clinical symptoms continued, a herbal medicine combining Gamiondam-tang and Cheongsimyeonja-eum was administered together with methimazole. Blood concentrations of hormones were measured, and the degree of clinical symptoms was measured using the NRS scale. The effect of herbal medicine on heat intolerance was analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test, and the relationship between thyroid hormone and heat intolerance was analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : Heat intolerance symptoms were significantly reduced when the herbal prescription was administered in parallel than when methimazole was administered alone (w=296, p=0.001). The decrease in heat intolerance was not related to thyroid hormone levels (p=0.27, 0.37). Conclusions : It was found that the herbal medicine combining Gamiondam-tang and Cheongsimyeonja-eum was effective in treating hyperthyroidism symptoms including heat intolerance.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.415-421
• /
• 1999

The flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) (EC 1.14. 13.8) are NADPH-dependent flavoenzymes that catalyze oxidation of soft nucleophilic heteroatom centers in a range of structurally diverse compounds including foods, drugs, pesticides, and other xenobiotics. In humans, FMOl appears to be the predominant form expressed in human fetal liver. cDNA-expressed human FMO and human liver microsomal FMO have been observed to N- and S-oxy-genate nucleophilic nitrogen- and sulfur-containing drugs and chemicals, respectively. In the present study, FMOl can be expressed in the baculovirus expression vector system at level of 2.68 nmol FMOl/mg of membrane protein. This isoform was examined for its capacity to metabolize methimazole to its S-oxide using thiocholine assay. Kinetic studies of its S-oxide by recombinant human FMO1 result in Km of 7.66 $\mu$M and Vmax of 17.79 nmol/min/mg protein.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 1977

A case is reported of aplastic anemia occuring during Methimazole therapy. Since this seems to be a kind of self-limiting disease having considerably rapid recovery, much more detailed supportive therapy is considered to be crucial rather than any other corticosteroid or the androgen therapy.

• International journal of thyroidology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.176-181
• /
• 2018

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis has been reported in Graves' disease patients treated with antithyroid drugs (ATDs), especially propylthiouracil. ATD-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis usually involved the kidneys followed by the respiratory organs and skin. The treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis induced by ATDs is to stop ATD therapy immediately, which often leads to an overall good prognosis. We report a case of ANCA-associated vasculitis in the peripheral nerves of the lower extremities in a 66-year-old woman who was treated with methimazole (MMI) for Graves' disease. To our knowledge, this is the third case of peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement of ATD-induced vasculitis and the first case of PNS vasculitis associated with MMI.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.124-124
• /
• 2001

Microsomes isolated from Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf)9 cells infected wi th human FM01 recombinant baculovirus catalyzed the NADPH- and 02-dependent oxidation of methimazole, thiourea, and phenylthiourea. However there was no detectable activity with 1,3-diphenylthiourea or larger thiocarbamides. Microsomes from control Sf9 cells were devoid of methimazole or thiourea S-oxygenase activity. (omitted)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2008

The regioselective ring opening of epoxides using elemental iodine and bromine in the presence of methimazole (MMI, a anti-thyroid drug) and its metabolite methimazole-disulfide as new catalysts are studied. MMI easily converted in vitro to MMI-disulfide without any double activation presented in vivo. FT-Raman and UV spectroscopies are used to study the interaction of iodine with these catalysts. The results indicate that both catalysts are efficient in polyiodide formation, but MMI-disulfide can catalyze this reaction in higher yield and regioselectivity. The complex [(MMI-disulfide)I]+.I3- is considered to be formed initially which could be bulkier by addition of excess of iodine in the course of the reaction. These bulky nucleophiles have a fundamental role in the high regioselectivity by attacking the less sterically hindered epoxide carbon. In this study we suggest that MMI is readily converted to MMI-disulfide by interaction with iodine or activated iodine in thyroid gland, and this process is responsible for high anti-thyroid activity of MMI.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2001

The flavin-containing monooxygenases(FMOs) (EC1.14.13.8) are NADPH0dependent flavoenzymes that catalyze oxidation of soft nucleophilic heteroatom centers in a range of structurally diverse compounds, including foods, drugs, pesticides, and other xenobiotics. In humans, FMO3 is quantitatively a major human liver monooxygenase. In the present study, the baculovirus expression vector system was used to overexpress human FMO3 in sect cells for stalytic studies. Microsomes isolated from Spodoptera frugiperda(Sf)9 cells infected with human FMO3 recombinant baculovirus catalyzed the NADPH-and O$_2$-dependent oxidation of methimazole, thiourea, and phenylthiourea. However there was no detectable activity with 1, 3-diphenylthiourea or larger thiocarbamides. Microsomes from control Sf9 cells were devoid of methimazole or thiourea S-oxygenase activity. 1, 3-diphenylthiourea is apparently completely excluded from the catalytic site, these amines drugs are probably approaching the upper size limits of xenobiotics accepted by human FMO3. The substrate specificity of this iosform in humans appears considerably more restriceted than that of pig, guinea pig, rat or rabbit FMO3.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.73-73
• /
• 2002

Thioacetamide has been known to cause immune suppression. The object of the present study is to investigate the role of metabolic activation by flavin- containing monooxygenases (FMO) in thioacetamide-induced immune response. To determine whether the metabolites of thioacetamide produced by FMO causes the immunosuppression, methimazole (MMI), an FMO inhibitor, was used to block the FMO pathway.(omitted)

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.723-725
• /
• 2010

A 14-year-old spayed, mixed breed, female cat was admitted for evaluation of a polyphagia, hyperactivity and chronic weight loss. Physical examination revealed a tachycardia and mild elevated systemic blood pressure. This cat had azotemia and mild increased total thyroxin (TT4) and free thyroxin concentration. However triiodothyronine (T3) level was normal, the T3 suppression test for definite diagnosis were made. No changes of TT4 serum concentration before and after the exogenous T3 administration in this cat showed hyperthyroidism. This cat was diagnosed as mild hyperthyroidism concurrent with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and antithyroid drug, methimazole, was used for medical management. This is first case report describing clinical and laboratory characteristic features of feline hyperthyroidism complicated with CKD and its clinical outcome using medical management in our country.