• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.246-251
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• 2000

In the present study, the analysis on heat and fluid flow in the single screw extruder is carried out by simultaneously considering the metering section and the die. The finite difference method and the finite volume method are applied to the metering section and the die, respectively. The zonal method is used to couple the metering section and the die. To investigate the effect of die on the characteristics of heat and fluid flow in the single screw extruder, the pressure back flow is included in the analysis. The screw-tip rotation is also considered by employing the quasi 3-dimensional die model. The present results are compared with the numerical and experimental data available in the literatures.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.650-665
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• 2023

A novel smart metering technique capable of anomaly detection was proposed for real-time home power management system. Smart meter data generated in real-time were obtained from 900 households of single apartments. To detect outliers and missing values in smart meter data, a deep learning model, the autoencoder, consisting of a graph convolutional network and bidirectional long short-term memory network, was applied to the smart metering technique. Power management based on the smart metering technique was executed by multi-objective optimization in the presence of a battery storage system and an electric vehicle. The results of the power management employing the proposed smart metering technique indicate a reduction in electricity cost and amount of power supplied by the grid compared to the results of power management without anomaly detection.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.333-350
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• 1999

Today freeway is thought to be a very important transportation facility carrying tremendous traffic flow as the main corridor within the area of between the areas. However freeway is experiencing severe congestion and accidents by increased entrance ramp flow especially at peak time period. Ramp meters on the freeway entrance ramps that supply traffic to the freeway in a measured or appropriately regulated amount are needed for alleviating freeway congestion. Because ramp meters can be operated to discharge traffic at a measured or regulated rate thus maintaining more uniform speed on the mainline section maximizing the throughput to the freeway within the capacity of a downstream bottleneck and reducing the congestion related accidents. Thus the objectives in this study were to analyze the traffic characteristics on the freeway I-94 with ramp metering system before/after ITS technology in Detroit (Michigan) area compare shifts of the traffic characteristics on the freeway I-94 before/after ITS technology and finally suggest a better ramp metering strategy for the freeway system The following results were obtained: i)Flow occupancies and speeds on the mainline merge section of freeway were shown to be a big difference depending on the peak periods areas and directions based on the distribution of traffic flow characteristics on the freeway. ii)Reduced speed was shown to be more than 5 mph and ramp flow was also shown to be more than 240 vph at peak periods if there was the ramp metering system constructed on the freeway. iii)Ramp metering system was shown to be optimally operated on the freeway if ramp flow could be maximized within the range of over 900 vph and reduced occupancy could be also maximized by no more than 2 percent at peak periods. iv)The average flows on the freeway after the ITS technology were shown to be a decrease of over 20% depending on the peak periods areas and directions when compared with those flow on the freeway before the ITS technology. over 20% depending on the peak periods areas and directions when compared with those speeds on the freeway before the ITS technology. vi)The average metering rates on the freeway after the ITS technology were shown to be an increase of over 10% depending on the peak periods areas and directions when compared with those metering rates on the freeway before the ITS technology.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 램프미터링과 요금소 본선미터링을 이용한 고속도로 통합교통관리 전략을 제시하였다. 램프와 본선의 통합 미터링을 위해 FREQ에서 램프미터링 진입허용 교통량의 최적화에 사용되는 Demand-Capacity 모형을 수정하여 최적 신호시간 산정모형을 제시하였다. 본 모형은 구간별 통과교통량을 최대화하는데 목표가 있으며, 본선 요금소 및 램프의 미터링 신호시간을 결정할 수 있다. 서울외곽순환선의 김포요금소~시흥요금소 구간을 대상으로 PARAMICS와 API를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 효과분석을 시행하였다. 시뮬레이션 분석결과, 본선미터링을 통해 램프미터링 단독 운영 대비 본선을 소통원활 상태의 속도로 유지할 수 있었으며, 정체구간에서 본선의 통과교통량이 14% 개선된 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 요금소에서의 신호운영으로 400m의 대기행렬이 발생되나, 정체의 분산으로 인해 본선과 램프 모두에서 보다 효율적 교통운영이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권2_2호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2023

This study conducts the flow analysis on the basis of the impeller RPM of water metering valve. The software used for the flow analysis is STAR-CCM+. In terms of the structure of the metering valve, it has an impeller installed inside, and a metering chamber has inlet and outlet holes. The flow analysis on the water metering valve drew the following conclusions: Regarding the flow field in the valve, the impeller had the highest velocity distribution, and complex flow field was generated in the metering chamber. In particular, since the path between the inlet and outlet holes in the metering chamber and the valve body was narrow, there was a section that had flow field interference. The flow rate and flow coefficient distribution according to the impeller RPM were on the linear increase. Given that, it showed the feature of the valve used for water metering on the basis of the impeller RPM.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2014

PURPOSES : This study performs fundamental research on ramp-metering design criteria. METHODS : We carefully review previous studies in terms of ramp-metering design criteria and then consider applicability in Korea. For this, traffic simulation model is employed to analyze actual effect according to specific location of stop-line when implementing ramp-metering. RESULTS : When a stop-line moving forward with a 50m interval, travel speed at mainline relative to current stop-line location tends to decrease. However, traveling speed at approach roads increase about 5~18% under the same condition. When a stop-line location moving backward with a 50m interval, mainline travel speed increase approximately 17~32% whereas traveling speed at approach roads decrease. All cases are compared with the current stop-line location. CONCLUSIONS : We believe that both cases are useful with respect to freeway management. For example, moving forward a stop-line case can be used management for queuing area at ramp section and approach roads. Moving backward a stop-line case can be used for traffic control, focusing on mainline of freeways.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.50-62
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• 2015

최근 지하철 9호선은 2단계 연장구간의 개통으로 최대 240% 혼잡도를 기록하는 등 지옥철로 불리우며 역사 내 상습혼잡에 대한 문제점이 지속적으로 야기되고 있는 실정이다. 역사 내 혼잡은 이용객의 불쾌감 유발과 철도 운영 효율성을 저하시키는 요인이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 철도역사 내 상습혼잡 해소를 위해 철도 이용객 정보제공의 효과평가 방법론을 정립하고자 하였으며, 효과평가 방법론 중 승강장의 혼잡상황을 고려한 Gate Metering 사례 연구를 진행하였다. Gate Metering을 접목시킨 Micro Simulation 및 Pedestrian Simulation Tool을 선정하여 열차의 혼잡도별 Metering 효과분석을 시행하였으며, 그 결과 Gate Metering 시행 시 혼잡도별 승강장의 서비스 수준 및 보행밀도가 개선되는 것을 확인하였다. 승강장에서 Metering을 실시 할 경우 플랫폼 대기 공간 내 혼잡도 조절 가능성이 있다고 판단한 것 이다. 따라서, 본 연구를 통하여 철도역사 내 이용객 혼잡도 관리를 위한 정보제공 효과평가 지표 수립 및 프로그램을 통한 이용객 정보제공 효과평가 방법론 정립이 가능하다는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한교통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한교통학회 1998년도 Proceedings The 4th International Transport Symposium
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• pp.152-159
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• 1998

This paper presents a method evaluating benefits of ramp metering strategies on freeway safety. Based on the traffic and the accident data collected on a 4.2 km (2.6 mile) section of Interstate highway 35-West in Minneapolis, U.S.A., the relationship between traffic variables and safety measures is investigated. An aggregate specification that could be used to predict accident frequencies on freeways is proposed as a multiple regression form. The specification includes 15 minutes volume and occupancy data, which are commonly available from surveillance and control systems. The primary variables that appear to affect the frequencies of freeway accident are: vehicle-miles of travel, entrance ramp volumes and the dynamic effect of queue building. A simulation method evaluating the dynamic effect of control strategies on safety is proposed next. The potential benefits of freeway ramp metering on freeway safety are finally investigated via a proposed method.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5D호
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• pp.649-656
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• 2011

교통수요의 증가와 이용행태는 도로 건설로만 감당하기에는 한계에 도달했고 기존 시스템의 최대 활용을 도모함으로써 그 해결방안을 찾고자 하는 노력이 다방면에서 검토 연구되고 있는데 그 중 가장 대표적인 전략이 연결로 진입교통량을 통제하는 램프미터링 시스템(RMS)이다. 현재 운영되고 있는 서울외곽순환고속도로 장수~중동 구간 운영기준을 고찰하고, 지리적 및 교통상황을 고려한 운영기준을 재정립하였다. 이것을 위해 국내 및 해외 램프미터링 운영기준을 분석하였고, 단절점 분석으로 새로운 램프미터링 운영기준을 제시하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

본 연구는 Toll Plaza에서 본선미터링 시행으로 인해 야기되는 대기행렬로 인한 평균통행시간 증가와 요금소 서비스 용량 저하를 완화하기 위해 차로간 대기행렬의 균형을 추가적으로 고려한 제어전략을 제시하고 효과를 분석한다. 본 연구에서 제시된 전략은 합류부에 존재하는 차량 수의 최적화와 차로별 대기행렬 제어를 동시에 고려하며, 전략의 효과를 분석하기 위해 PARAMICS를 이용한 시뮬레이션 분석을 수행하였다. 미시행시 및 기존연구의 전략과 비교한 결과, toll plaza 구간에서 평균통행시간 감소에 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었으며, spillback 발생비율을 감소시킴으로써 요금소 서비스 용량도 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 대기공간의 길이가 짧을수록 혼잡이 심해지는데, 본 연구의 알고리즘을 통해 이를 해소할 수 있음을 보였다.