• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2014

Objective : With the growing interests of bacteria as a targeting vector for cancer treatment, diverse genetically engineered Salmonella has been reported to be capable of targeting primary or metastatic tumor regions after intravenous injection into mouse tumor models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the capability of the genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) to access the glioma xenograft, which was monitored in mouse brain tumor models using optical bioluminescence imaging technique. Methods : U87 malignant glioma cells (U87-MG) stably transfected with firefly luciferase (Fluc) were implanted into BALB/cAnN nude mice by stereotactic injection into the striatum. After tumor formation, attenuated S. typhimurium expressing bacterial luciferase (Lux) was injected into the tail vein. Bioluminescence signals from transfected cells or bacteria were monitored using a cooled charge-coupled device camera to identify the tumor location or to trace the bacterial migration. Immunofluorescence staining was also performed in frozen sections of mouse glioma xenograft. Results : The injected S. typhimurium exclusively localized in the glioma xenograft region of U87-MG-bearing mouse. Immunofluorescence staining also demonstrated the accumulation of S. typhimurium in the brain tumors. Conclusion : The present study demonstrated that S. typhimurium can target glioma xenograft, and may provide a potentially therapeutic probe for glioma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2010

In this report, we introduce an undetermined fibrous tumor with calcification occurring in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). A 51-year-old woman was admitted with a short history of dizziness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images revealed a $2{\times}2{\times}2\;cm$ sized mass at the left CPA which was round and calcified. There was no dura or internal auditory canal involvement. At surgery, the tumor was located at the exit of 7th and 8th cranial nerve complex. It was very firm, bright yellow and well encapsulated. Histologic findings revealed that the tumor was predominantly composed of fibrous component, scant spindle cells and dystrophic calcification. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated positive for vimentin and negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), S-100 protein, CD34, factor XIIIa and smooth muscle actin. The diagnosis was not compatible with meningioma, schwannoma, metastatic brain tumors, and other fibrous tumors. Although the tumor was resected in total, long term follow-up monitoring is necessary due to the possibility of recurrence.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권12호
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• pp.664-669
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• 2020

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers. Although biomarkers are continuously being discovered, few specific markers, rather than classification markers, representing the aggressiveness and invasiveness of breast cancer are known. In this study, we used samples from canine mammary tumors in a comparative approach. We subjected 36 fractions of both canine normal and mammary tumor plasmas to high-performance quantitative proteomics analysis. Among the identified proteins, LCAT was selectively expressed in mixed tumor samples. With further MRM and Western blot validation, we discovered that the LCAT protein is an indicator of aggressive mammary tumors, an advanced stage of cancer, possibly highly metastatic. Interestingly, we also found that LCAT is overexpressed in high-grade and lymph-node-positive breast cancer in silico data. We also demonstrated that LCAT is highly expressed in the sera of advanced-stage human breast cancers within the same classification. In conclusion, we identified a possible common plasma protein biomarker, LCAT, that is highly expressed in aggressive human breast cancer and canine mammary tumor.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.297-304
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• 1989

A 45-year old woman with congestive heart failure due to left atrial tumor was operated on. Three tumor masses arising from posterior wall, atrial septum, anterior portion of mitral valve were resected. Pathological diagnosis was malignant fibrous histiocytoma [MFH]. Above one case and sixteen previous reports are reviewed. Eleven cases out of 17 were females. The tumors all originated primarily in the left atrium and 8 had distant metastases. The metastatic sites are lung [4 cases], brain [2 cases], liver, jejunum, cervix and pleura etc. Careful pathologic study is necessary to differentiate the uniformly fatal MFH of the heart from the more common benign atrial myxoma. The treatment modalities are surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy & the prognosis of intracardiac MFH is poor. We underwent partial resection of left atrial MFH and obtained symptom relief and patient still alive 7 months post-operatively in state of NYHA class II.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2008

Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is one of the major malignant renal cell tumors. Although RCC can metastasize to almost every organ, the most common metastatic sites are the lung parenchyma, the bones, the liver, and the brain. Adrenal metastasis from RCC is extremely rare. Adrenal metastasis from RCC shows poor prognosis, with little benefit from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy or immunotherapy. In this report, we describe a case of an RCC patient who showed lung and adrenal metastasis. The patient underwent left nephrectomy and chemotherapy(sunitinib), which were not effective. He refused further conventional medical treatment, and instead started treatment with Traditional Korean Medicine using allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes. After about 3 months of this treatment, the size of the adrenal tumor had decreased significantly with good performance status. Further study will be needed to demonstrate the tumor regression effect of allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes on patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2009

Meningiomas are usually benign neoplasms in which extracranial metastases occur very rarely. We report a case of multiple extracranial metastases of an atypical meningioma following a local recurrence. A 68-year-old man presented with left-side motor weakness and dysarthria for two weeks. A computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intraventricular tumor. We performed a total mass removal, and the histopathologic findings were consistent with benign meningioma. Eight months later, the meningioma recurred. We performed a reoperation and whole brain radiation therapy postoperatively. The histopathologic findings showed atypical meningioma. Six months later, CT and MRI revealed metastases to multiple vertebrae, lung, ribs and perirenal soft tissue so a decompressive laminectomy with mass removal was performed. The histopathologic findings of the spinal tumors showed atypical meningioma. The results from perirenal biopsies were consistent with metastatic meningioma. In conclusion, extracranial metastasis as well as local recurrence must be considered in atypical or anaplastic meningioma. There must be regular follow-ups. Finally, an evaluation of the chest, abdomen and bone is necessary, especially when related symptoms or signs develop.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권2호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2024

The Leksell frame-based transcerebellar approach was proposed with the arc support frame attached upside down to the Z coordinate. This study presented practical tips and considerations for obtaining adequate tissue samples for deep-seated cerebellar lesions or lower brainstem lesions specifically those accessible via the cerebellar peduncle. For practical insights, the Leksell coordinate frame G was fixed to prevent the anterior screw implantation within the temporalis muscle, to avoid interference with the magnetic resonance (MR)-adapter, and taking into account the magnetic field of MR in close proximity to the tentorium. After mounting of indicator box, the MR imaging evaluation should cover both the indicator box and the infratentorial region that deviated from it. The coordinates [X, Y, Za, Arc⁰, Ringa⁰] obtained from Leksell SurgiPlan^® software (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden) with arc 0⁰ located on the patient's right side were converted to [X, Y, Zb=360-Za, Arc⁰, Ringb⁰=Ringa⁰-180⁰]. The operation was performed in the prone position under general anesthesia in four patients with deep cerebellar (n=3) and brainstem (n=1) tumors. The biopsy results showed two cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, one metastatic braintumor and one glioblastoma. One patient required frame repositioning as a complication. Drawing upon the methodology outlined in existing literature, we anticipate that imparting supplementary expertise could render the stereotactic biopsy of infratentorial tumors more consistent and manageable for the practitioner, thereby facilitating adequate tissue samples and minimizing patient complications.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the influencing factors and clinical course of pathologically proven cases of radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI). Materials and Methods: The pathologic records of twelve patients were reviewed; these patients underwent surgery following radiotherapy due to disease progression found by follow-up imaging. However, they were finally diagnosed with RIBI. All patients had been treated with 3-dimensional conventional fractionated radiotherapy and/or radiosurgery for primary or metastatic brain tumors with or without chemotherapy. The histological distribution was as follows: two falx meningioma, six glioblastoma multiform (GBM), two anaplastic oligodendroglioma, one low grade oligodendroglioma, and one small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis. Results: Radiation necrosis was noted in eight patients and the remaining four were diagnosed with radiation change. Gender (p = 0.061) and biologically equivalent dose $(BED)_3$ (p = 0.084) were the only marginally influencing factors of radiation necrosis. Median time to RIBI was 7.3 months (range, 0.5 to 61 months). Three prolonged survivors with GBM were observed. In the subgroup analysis of high grade gliomas, RIBI that developed <6 months after radiotherapy was associated with inferior overall survival rates compared to cases of RIBI that occurred ${\geq}6$ months (p = 0.085). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that RIBI could occur in early periods after conventional fractionated brain radiotherapy within normal tolerable dose ranges. Studies with a larger number of patients are required to identify the strong influencing factors for RIBI development.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.74-78
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• 2019

AT/RT를 갖는 환자는 빈번하게 MRI촬영을 시행하게 된다. MRI의 경우 강자성 효과(ferromagnetic effect)로 인해 스테인레스스틸 기성금속관의 탈락이 발생할 위험성이 있고 영상의 인공물(artifact)의 형성을 유발할 수 있으므로 유치의 전장관 수복 전에 재료의 선택에 있어서 이러한 위험성에 대해 고려해야 한다. 이 경우 기성 지르코니아 전장관은 AT/RT 환자들의 크라운 수복에 있어서 좋은 수복재료로 사용될 수 있다. 또한 항암치료로 인해 AT/RT 환아들은 우식발생율이 높으므로 구강위생 관리 및 전문가 불소도포 등의 주기적인 정기검진이 요구된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.281-286
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• 1999

배경 및 목적 : 고형암의 뇌전이는 20$\~$40$\%$의 암환자에서 발생하고, 뇌전이 후 1년 생존율은 15$\%$정도로 예후가 불량하며 고식적 방사선치료 등에 의하여 70$\~$90$\%$의 환자에서 증상이 호전되나 대부분의 환자가 결국은 뇌전이로 인하여 사망하게 된다. 이에 고형암의 뇌전이로 방사선치료를 받은 환자를 후향적으로 조사하여 임상양상과 생존기간을 분석하고 예후인자를 파악하였다. 방 법 : 대상환자는 1987년 1월부터 1998년 1월까지 이화여자대학교 부속병원에서 고형암의 뇌전이로 고식적 전뇌 방사선치료를 받은 71예이었다 대상 환자의 중앙연령은 63세(24$\~$89세)였고 남자 50예, 여자 21예이었다. 고식적 치료 후 신경증상의 호전정도를 평가하고, 연령, 종양의 원발병소, 진단당시 뇌전이 동반 유무, 타장기 전이 유무, 뇌전이 병변 수, 치료방법에 따라 생존기간을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 뇌전이시 동반된 증상은 두통이 34예로 가장 많았으며 근력 약화 29예, 오심 구토 및 의식 변화 각 14예, 시력장애 8예, 구음장애 7예 순이었고 치료 후 신경증상의 호전은 64.9$\%$에서 관찰되었다. 뇌전이의 치료로 전체환자 중 7예에서는 뇌전이의 수술적 제거 후 전뇌 방사선치료를 받았고 나머지 64예는 전뇌 방사선치료만을 받았다. 전체환자의 중앙생존기간은 16주였고 1년 생존율은 IS.0%, 2년 생존율은 5.1$\%$였다. 타장기 전이가 없이 뇌전이 단독인 군(n=27)의 중앙생존기간은 33주로 타장기 전이가 있는 군의 10주에 비해 길었다(p=0.0018). 뇌전이 수가 단일 병소인 37예의 환자에서는 수술적 제거 후 방사선치료를 한 군(n=7)의 중앙생존기간이 40주로 방사선치료만 시행한 군의 16주에 비해 길었다(p=0.0438). 이 외에 연령, 원발암의 종류, 전신수행 상태, 진단당시 뇌전이 동반 유무, 뇌전이 병변 수에 따른 생존기간의 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 고형암에서 뇌전이는 나쁜 예후인자이나 뇌로의 단독전이는 타장기 전이 동반에 비해 예후가 양호하므로 수술적 절제, 방사선치료 등의 다양한 방법을 이용한 보다 적극적인 치료로 생존율 및 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.