• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-33
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• 1993

This result showed that the middle school students' response for the environment condition was highly negative. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. Students would become to know the environmental pollution through reading of newspapers and TV rather than school education. 2. Students' response for air and water pollution was seriously accepted in city areas than in country areas, and in large cities than in small cities. 3. Students' response for air pollution showed that the quality of air was getting worse and major factor of air pollution was the exhausts of automobiles. 4. It showed that students' concern for water pollution was increased and water pollution was being accelerated by the increase of domestic and industrial sewages, the overuse of the agricultural chemicals, the entrophication and acid rain. 5. Students thought that soil pollution was mainly due to factory sewage, life sewage, heavy metal and agricultural medicines and so on. But now they think it is due to the degenerated and inseparable things such as used vinyle for farm and plastics. 6. Most students thought of the pollution of our country as serious. But they thought it could be removed if we tried to get rid of pollution. 7. Now students' consciousness to protect the nature took an active interest turn and was strong. Putting these various findings together, I suggested that, the efforts to turn students affirmative consciousness for the environment and a powerful plan by the nation to take off pollution should be needed. Also the education to enforce the environment preservation had to be needed.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.42-53
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• 2020

In this study, heavy metal in road-deposited sediments (RDS) and marine sediment around Gwangyang Bay area have been investigated to assess the pollution status of metals and to understand the environmental impact of RDS as a potential source of metal pollution. Zn concentration for <63 ㎛ size fraction was the highest (2,982 mg/kg), followed by Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, As, Cd, and Hg. Metal concentrations in RDS increased with decreasing particle size and relatively higher concentrations were observed around the metal waste and recycling facilities. For particle size in RDS smaller than 125 ㎛, EF values indicated that Zn was very high enrichment and Cr, Cd, Pb were significant enrichment. The concentrations of metals in marine sediments were mostly below the TEL value of sediment quality guidelines of Korea. However, the Zn concentrations has increased by 30~40% compared to 2010 year. The amounts of Zn, Cd and Pb in less than 125 ㎛ fraction where heavy metals can be easily transported by stormwater runoff accounted for 54% of the total RDS. The study area was greatly affected by Zn pollution due to corrosion of Zn plating materials by traffic activity as well as artificial activities related to the container logistics at Gwangyang container terminal. The fine particles of RDS are not only easily resuspended by wind and vehicle movement, but are also transported to the surrounding environments by runoff. Therefore, further research is needed on the adverse effects on the environment and ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.567-575
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• 2017

To understand the geochemical characteristics of Gomso Bay, which features extensive Manila clam, we measured various geochemical parameters, organic matter, and trace metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Hg, As and Fe) of intertidal and subtidal surface sediments in 2011. The surface sediments consisted of sedimentary facies including gravel (0.21%), sand (61.1%), silt (32.1%), and clay (6.5%). The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) values in most areas were below sediment quality criteria (COD, $20mg/g{\cdot}dry$; AVS, $0.2mg/g{\cdot}dry$). Trace metals in the surface sediments were below pollution thresholds, except for As (morderately polluted). Sediment quality was evaluated using the trace metal pollution load index (PLI) and ecological risk index (ERI), which showed that sediments were generally not polluted and at low risk; however, values along the outer bay were higher. We expect these results will be valuable for sustainable aquaculture prodution and environmental management in Gomso Bay.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.341-352
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• 1997

Retention ponds have been dug along some of the motorways in France to minimize environmental pollution by keeping pollutants from spreading over the surrounding area. In order to study heavy metal pollution and diagenetic behaviour of sediments, eight core samples were collected from the bottom of a retention pond located along the A-71 motorway in Sologne. The metal concentrations in interstitial waters and extractable metal concentrations in sediment layers using sequential chemical extraction method were determined. The depth distributions of Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations in interstitial water and particulate sediments were studied, and distribution coefficients (KD) were also determined to investigate the environmental mobility of these elements. In addition. the index of geoaccumulation and the Fe-normalized enrichment factor were calculated to differentiate the natural accumulation from the anthropogenic pollution. The vertical concentration profiles of heavy metals in core sediments indicate that surface enrichments (0~2 cm) of Pb, Zn, Cd and organic carbon were always observed at each core sample, due to the early diagenesis. However, the major factor contributing to the accumulation of Cd at the sediment surface is attributed to the dissolution of Cd from polluted roadside soil during periods of rainstorms and its subsequent redeposition on the sediment surface after being carried to the retention pond. A comparison of the KD values indiactes that a decrease in the KD values for Pb and Zn was observed with depth while KD values for Cd increase. According to the KD values. the relative mobility of studied metals was determined as following: Mn>Zn>Cd>Pb, for the upper layer, and Mn>Cd>Zn>Pb, for the lower layers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Baiyangdian Lake, the largest freshwater lake in North China, is known as 'Pearl of North China' and 'kidney of North China' fur its abundant products and multiple ecological services. However, from the 1970s, due to the ever-increasing discharge of polluted water from upstream rivers, it has been severely polluted. Sediment Investigation and analysis were conducted on contents of heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) from Baiyangdian Lake in June 2004. Results showed that pollution situation at downriver regions are more serious than that of upstream regions. The seriously polluted spots are access of Fuhe River, original wastewater reservoir of Tanghe River, densely populated Chunshui Village and Wangjiazhai Village. By using method of the potential ecological risk assessment, the heavy metal evaluation of polluted sediment has been conducted. The results showed that the contents of Cd and Pb were very high in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake. There were extremely stronger ecological risk for Cd and slight- medium ecological risk for Pd. According to the current situation of Baiyangdian Lake, countermeasures and suggestions have been put forward.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.162-167
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• 2016

This study was conducted in an industrial city (Bilaspur) representative of subtropical area in central India. In order to assess the metal deposition on plant, concentrations of six target metals (i.e., Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Cr) in both plant leaf and dust (deposited on its surface) samples were measured from six different sites. Metal concentrations in dust samples were found on the order of Fe>Mn> Cr>Pb>Cu>Cd. In contrast, the concentration of metals in plant leaves were seen on the order of Fe>Mn>Cr>Cd>Cu>Pb. As such, Cd showed significantly high concentration in leaves relative to their corresponding dust samples. A high accumulation potential for Fe and Cd was seen from Butea monosperma, while Mn and Pb were accumulated noticeably in Pongamia pinnata and Butea monosperma. Likewise, Cr and Cu were enriched in Calotropis procera, Alstonia scholaris, and Butea monosperma. The overall results of our study suggest that the foliar uptake pattern should vary considerably by an interactive role between plant and metal types.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.771-778
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• 1996

The sediment in the highly contaminated Gamjeon brook was collected, mixed with the raw material of the tile, and then the commercial tile was produced using the mixture. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the mixture-before and after the tile was produced-were analyzed and the effects of the acid solution on the produced tile were examined. The production of the tiles was successful and the result of heavy metal analysis showed that the concentration of Fe was the highest and that of Cd was the lowest The amount of heavy metal in the sediment - the raw material of the tile mixture was more than that of the produced tile. The elution concentration of the heavy metal by the acid solution(pH : 4 - 7) was low and the quality of the produced tile was better than the commercial tile. The result of this study suggested that the contaminated sediment was removed to produce good tiles, therefore the water pollution and soil pollution were reduced.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.675-684
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• 2011

In nature, the overall effect of heavy metals on the biota can be influenced by a number of environmental factors like soil characteristics and air pollution by elevated $CO_2$. Pillbugs (Isopoda, Armadillium vulgare) take up heavy metals with their food and store them mainly in the vesicles of hepatopancreas. They accumulate certain metals, occur in relatively large numbers, are easily collected and identified, and provide sufficient material for analysis. The species are decomposing litter well and soil impurities into N and P. Therefore, it has been suggested that total body concentration of metals in pillbugs could be positively correlated to the levels of environmental exposure and that pillbugs could be used as biological indicators of metal pollution and global change by $CO_2$. The aim of the study is to determine effects of heavy metal concentrations in soil and elevated $CO_2$ on pillbugs' body accumulation of heavy metal and growth rate. In this study, the concentrations of six metals (Fe, Mg Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) have been determined. Pillbugs (N=287) were collected at five sites during Jul-Aug, 2006. Cu and Zn concentrations in the body were much higher than in the soils(1.39-41.70 times). This indicated that bioaccumulation of some of the heavy metals were increasing in the food-chain. The high bioconcentration of lead in Sangam may be partly associated with reclaimed land uses.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.491-493
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.235-236
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• 2004