• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.11b
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2001

On the side of that necessity, it is known that the development of Amorphous metal take effects on lowering eddy current loss in a core system. If a amorphous transformer and a motor to which "Amorphous Metal" is applied be widespread, electricity saving should be enormous with the several hundreds billion won of economic effects like cutting the cost of power plants and the unhealthy gases. This paper carried out general evaluation about the characters of Amorphous metal, the expected energy saving effects of a amorphous transformer, the environmental contribution, the increasement of electricity quality, and the features of harmonic.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.559-564
• /
• 2003

The specific ion effects are observed in the alumina-metal EDTA(Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) system. These effects seem to be associated with the fluidity of the metal ion in the complex. A consideration of the order of adsorption of the complexes on alumina indicates that a specific ion effect also affects the stability of the system. It is clear that EDTA and its heavy metal complexes have a significant effect on the dewaterability of alumina. These effects are not well represented by zeta potential measurements, especially for EDTA alone. With the nonspeciating complexes, though, the maximum permeability is predicted by the pH$\_$zpc/ from zeta potential measurements. At other pH value, the refiltration rate is better predicted by the state of coagulation as measured by log W.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.41 no.8
• /
• pp.587-594
• /
• 1998

The objective of this research was to characterize effects of Cu or Cd additions on chemistry of soil quality indices, such as pH, EC, cation distribution and buffering capacity. Metals were added at rates ranging from 0 to 400 mg $kg^{-1}$ of soil. Soil solution was sequentially extracted from saturated pastes using vacuum. Concentrations of Cu or Cd remaining in soil solutions were very low as compared to those added to the soils, warranting that most of the added metals were recovered as nonavailable fractions. Adsorption of the added metals released cations into soil solution causing increases of ionic strength of soil solution. At metal additions of $200{\sim}400\;mg\;kg^{-1}$, EC of soil solution increased to as much as $2{\sim}4\;m^{-1}$; salinity levels considered high enough to cause detrimental effects on plant production. More divalent cations than monovalent cations were exchanged by Cu or Cd adsorption. The nutrient buffering capacity of soils was decreased due to the metal adsorption and release of cations. pH of soil solution decreased linearly with increasing metal loading rates, with a decrement of up to 1.3 units at 400 mg Cu $kg^{-1}$ addition. Influences of Cu on each of these soil quality parameters were consistently greater than those of Cd. These effects were of a detrimental nature and large enough in most cases to significantly impact soil productivity. It is clear that new protocols are needed for evaluating potential effects of heavy metal loading of soils.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effects of peking-duck extracts added with medicinal herbs(DJ) on the intoxication of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, As) in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150$\pm$15g, were randomly assigned to groups: basal diet only in normal control group(NCG): basal diet and heavy metals without DJ injection in heavy metal control group(HMC); basal diet, heavy metals and DJ(3mg/ml) injection in heavy metal low duck-juice group(HMLD), basal diet, heavy metals and DJ(30mg/ml) injection in heavy metal middle duck-juice group(HMMD): basal diet, heavy metal and DJ(300mg/ml) injection in heavy metal high duck-juice group(HMHD). Hg and As was injected by 50ppm and Cd and Pb by 25ppm for 17days. Also DJ oral feeding was conducted for 28days. The result of this study were as follows: Food intake and body weight gain in heavy metal administered groups were lower than those of NCG. Liver, kidney and testis weights were not significantly different among 5 groups. GOT, GPT and BUN activities were significantly reduced in DJ treated groups as compared to HMC. DJ showed the suppressing effect on the accumulation of Hg, Pb and Cd in serum, liver and kidney. Fecal Hg and Cd excretions increased with DJ feeding. The results suggested that DJ may have some protective effects on Hg, Cd and Pb intoxication by reducing the accumulation in tissues and increasing excretion. This study also showed the effective way of using duck-extract and its application to the oriental medicine.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.162-164
• /
• 2005

570MPa grade weldable steels were $CO_{2}$ welded with various heat input and interpass temperature using flux cored wires. Effects of heat input and interpass temperature on the strength and toughness of weld metal were investigated and interpreted in terms of microstructural change, recovery of alloying elements, and the amount of reheated weld metal.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 1981

The substituent effects on the fluorescence of 2-(substituted anilino)benzoic acids and their aluminum chelate compounds were examined and satisfactory linear relationships between Hammett substitute constants, .sigma. and the lowest excited singlet energy levels were obtained. But fluorescence intensity only made a qualitative relationship with .sigma. values of substituent groups. Effects of solvents and metal ions on the native and metal chelate fluorescence of the above derivatives were also investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 1997.05a
• /
• pp.8-11
• /
• 1997

Current methods of evaluating soil contamination by heavy metals rely on analyzing samples for total contents of metals or quantities recovered in various chemical extracting solutions. Results from these approaches provide only an index for evaluation because these methodologies yield values not directly related to bioavailability of soil-borne metals. In addition, even though concentrations of metals may be less than those required to cause toxic effects to biota, they may cause substantial effects on soil chemical parameters that determine soil quality and sustainable productivity. The objective of this research was to characterize effects of Cu or Cd additions on soil solution chemistry of soil quality indices, such as pH, EC, nutrient cation distribution and quantity/intensity relations (buffer capacity). Metals were added at rates ranging from 0 to 400 mg/kg of soil. Soil solution was sequentially extracted from saturated pastes using vacuum. Concentrations of Cu or Cd remaining in soil solutions were very low as compared to those added to the soils, warranting that most of the added metals were recovered as nonavailable (strongly adsorbed) fractions. Adsorption of the added metals released cations into soil solution causing increases of soluble cation contents and thus ionic strength of soil solution. At metal additions of 200~400 mg/kg, EC of soil solution increased to as much as 2~4 dS/m; salinity levels considered high enough to cause detrimental effects on plant production. More divalent cations (Ca+Mg) than monovalent cations (K+Na) were exchanged by Cu or Cd adsorption. The loss of exchangeable nutrient cations decreased long-term nutrient supplying capacity or each soil. At 100 mg/kg or metal loading, the buffering capacity was decreased by 60%. pH of soil solution decreased linearly with increasing metal loading rates, with a decrement of up to 1.3 units at 400 mg Cu/kg addition. Influences of Cu on each of these soil quality parameters were consistently greater than those of Cd. These effects were of a detrimental nature and large enough in most cases to significantly impact soil productivity. It is clear that new protocols are needed for evaluating potential effects of heavy metal loading of soils.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 1995

As the metal transfer in the GMAW process affects the weld quality and productivity, the mechanism of molten formation and detachment has been investigated at various welding conditions. The force balance and pinch instability models have been widely used to analyze the metal transfer in the globular and spray modes, respectively A new approach is proposed in this work by minimizing the energy of molten drop system. Effects of the surface tension, gravity, electromagnetic and drag forces are considered with no presumed molten drop geometry. Effects of various welding conditions on the metal transfer are explained. The results show that the proposed mode can be applied to the globular and spray transfer modes. When compared with other models, results of the proposed model show better agreements with the available experimental data, which demonstrates the validity of the present model.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.389-397
• /
• 1999

Recently the use of Pd catalyst have been continued to expand because of cost avaliabilityand performance advantages. Especially the Pd+Rh catalyst instead of the Pt+Rh catalyst had been used for most of three way catalysts because of the more stringent emission standards and its higher temperature effectiveness. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the design parameter impacts on the Pd+Rh cat-alyst for the automotive exhaust catalysts application. This study was investigated on the catalyst efficiency for the volume and the precious metal loading of the Pd+Rh ceramic monolithic cata-lyst. And experiments concerning the effects of volume and precious metal loading on Pd+Rh three way catalysts were conducted to examined the catalyst light-off temperature and conver-sion efficiency on higher volume demonstrated almost similar performance. But their effects on higher precious metal loading demonstrated considerably better performance.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.1741-1746
• /
• 2003

Effects of electromagnetic force which is one of the most important factor of metal transfer that affects bead geometry and microstructure of weld metal in GMAW(gas metal arc welding). In this paper, different ways of external electromagnetic forces were applied on GMAW process and their effects on the welding were studied. On certain conditions, better bead geometry, better influence on the arc and metal transfer mode and higher welding efficiency could be obtained. Experimental methods and their results will be presented.